2025年研究生入学考试《英语一》新版真题卷（附详细解析）

年研究生入学考试《英语一》新版真题卷（附详细解析）第一部分：完型填空（共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Intoday'sfast-pacedworld,theconceptofworkhasundergonesignificantchanges.Traditional1ofa9-to-5jobarebeingchallengedbynewformsofemployment.Manypeoplenowpreferflexibleworkingarrangementsthatallowthemtobalanceworkandpersonallife.Oneofthekey2inthisshiftistheriseoftechnology.Digitaltoolshavemadeitpossibleforpeopletoworkfromanywhere,atanytime.Thishasnotonlyimprovedproductivitybutalsoenhancedjobsatisfaction.However,flexibleworkalsocomeswithitsownsetof3.Forexample,maintainingawork-lifebalancecanbedifficultwhentheboundariesbetweenworkandhomebecomeblurred.Additionally,theremaybechallengesinbuildingstrongteamrelationshipswhencolleaguesarenotphysicallypresent.Toaddresstheseissues,companiesareincreasinglyimplementingstrategiestosupportflexiblework.Theseincludeprovidingtrainingontimemanagementandofferingremotecollaborationtools.4,employeesarealsoresponsibleforsettingclearboundariesandmanagingtheirownscheduleseffectively.Anotherimportantaspectofthemodernworkplaceisdiversityandinclusion.Companiesarerecognizingthevalueofhavingaworkforcethatreflectsavarietyofbackgroundsandperspectives.Thisnotonlyleadstomoreinnovativesolutionsbutalsocreatesamorepositiveworkenvironment.Inordertofosterdiversity,organizationsareimplementinghiringpracticesthatprioritizeequality.Theyarealsoofferingtrainingprogramstopromoteculturalawarenessandpreventdiscrimination.5,creatinganinclusiveworkplacerequiresongoingeffortandcommitmentfrombothemployersandemployees.Thefutureofworkislikelytocontinueevolvingastechnologyadvancesandsocietalneedschange.Itisessentialforindividualsandorganizationstoadapttothesechangesinordertothriveinthemoderneconomy.1.A.conceptsB.methodsC.patternsD.models答案：A解析：根据上下文，这里指的是传统的工作“概念”，A选项“concepts”符合语境。其他选项“methods”方法、“patterns”模式、“models”模型均不太贴切。2.A.factorsB.reasonsC.causesD.elements答案：A解析：技术的兴起是这种转变的关键“因素”，A选项“factors”正确。“reasons”和“causes”更侧重原因，“elements”元素，在此处不合适。3.A.opportunitiesB.challengesC.advantagesD.benefits答案：B解析：灵活工作带来的是“挑战”，后文举例说明了一些问题，B选项“challenges”符合。其他选项均为积极意义，不符合文意。4.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.Meanwhile答案：D解析：公司采取措施的同时，员工也有责任，D选项“Meanwhile”表示同时，符合逻辑。“However”表转折，“Therefore”表结果，“Moreover”表递进，均不符合。5.A.InshortB.InconclusionC.InfactD.Inaddition答案：C解析：实际上，创造包容的工作环境需要持续努力，C选项“Infact”正确。“Inshort”和“Inconclusion”表总结，“Inaddition”表补充，均不合适。6.A.maintainB.improveC.developD.establish答案：D解析：“establishboundaries”表示建立边界，D选项正确。“maintain”维持，“improve”改善，“develop”发展，均不如“establish”贴切。7.A.effectivelyB.efficientlyC.appropriatelyD.accurately答案：A解析：有效地管理自己的日程，A选项“effectively”强调效果。“efficiently”效率，“appropriately”适当，“accurately”准确，均不符合语境。8.A.reflectsB.representsC.demonstratesD.shows答案：A解析：workforce反映多种背景，A选项“reflects”正确。“represents”代表，“demonstrates”展示，“shows”显示，均不太准确。9.A.prioritizeB.emphasizeC.focusD.stress答案：A解析：优先考虑平等的招聘实践，A选项“prioritize”正确。“emphasize”强调，“focus”集中，“stress”强调，均不如“prioritize”贴切。10.A.promoteB.encourageC.supportD.foster答案：D解析：“fosterdiversity”表示促进多样性，D选项正确。“promote”促进，“encourage”鼓励，“support”支持，均可以，但“foster”更常用。11.A.preventB.avoidC.stopD.hinder答案：A解析：防止歧视，A选项“prevent”正确。“avoid”避免，“stop”停止，“hinder”阻碍，均不如“prevent”合适。12.A.continuousB.constantC.lastingD.permanent答案：A解析：持续的努力，A选项“continuous”强调不间断。“constant”经常的，“lasting”持久的，“permanent”永久的，均不符合语境。13.A.adaptB.adjustC.adoptD.accustom答案：A解析：适应变化，A选项“adaptto”正确。“adjustto”调整，“adopt”采用，“accustomto”习惯于，均不符合。14.A.thriveB.surviveC.succeedD.prosper答案：A解析：在现代经济中茁壮成长，A选项“thrive”正确。“survive”生存，“succeed”成功，“prosper”繁荣，均不如“thrive”贴切。15.A.advancesB.progressesC.proceedsD.promotes答案：A解析：技术进步，A选项“advances”正确。“progresses”进步，“proceeds”进行，“promotes”促进，均不太准确。16.A.needsB.demandsC.requirementsD.expectations答案：B解析：社会需求，B选项“demands”更强调迫切的需求。“needs”需要，“requirements”要求，“expectations”期望，均不符合。17.A.essentialB.necessaryC.importantD.vital答案：A解析：至关重要的，A选项“essential”语气更强。“necessary”必要的，“important”重要的，“vital”关键的，均可以，但“essential”更符合语境。18.A.individualsB.personsC.peopleD.humans答案：A解析：个人和组织，A选项“individuals”更正式。“persons”人，“people”人们，“humans”人类，均不太合适。19.A.orderB.wayC.meansD.manner答案：A解析：“inorderto”为了，固定搭配，A选项正确。其他选项无此用法。20.A.economyB.marketC.businessD.trade答案：A解析：现代经济，A选项“economy”正确。“market”市场，“business”商业，“trade”贸易，均不符合。第二部分：阅读理解（4篇文章，每篇文章设5题，共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）Text1Inrecentyears,thefieldofartificialintelligence(AI)hasmaderemarkableprogress.AIsystemsarenowbeingusedinawiderangeofindustries,fromhealthcaretofinance.OneofthemostexcitingapplicationsofAIisintheareaofautonomousvehicles.Autonomousvehicles,alsoknownasself-drivingcars,havethepotentialtorevolutionizetransportation.Theyofferseveraladvantagesovertraditionalvehicles.Forexample,theycanreducethenumberoftrafficaccidentscausedbyhumanerror,whichisamajorcauseofroadfatalities.Additionally,autonomousvehiclescanimprovetrafficflowbycommunicatingwitheachotherandadjustingtheirspeedsaccordingly.However,thedevelopmentofautonomousvehiclesalsoraisesseveralchallenges.Oneofthemainconcernsissafety.AlthoughAIsystemsarebecomingincreasinglysophisticated,therearestillrisksassociatedwithrelyingonthemcompletely.Forexample,whathappensifanautonomousvehicleencountersasituationthatitisnotprogrammedtohandle?Anotherchallengeisthelegalandregulatoryframework.Asautonomousvehiclesbecomemorecommon,governmentswillneedtoupdateexistinglawstoaddressissuessuchasliabilityintheeventofanaccident.Additionally,theremaybeconcernsaboutprivacy,asautonomousvehiclescollectalargeamountofdataabouttheirsurroundingsandpassengers.Despitethesechallenges,manyexpertsbelievethatautonomousvehicleswilleventuallybecomeacommonsightonourroads.CompaniessuchasTeslaandGooglearealreadyinvestingheavilyinthedevelopmentofthistechnology.Inthefuture,wemayseeautonomousvehiclesbeingusedforavarietyofpurposes,frompersonaltransportationtocommercialdelivery.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theadvantagesofautonomousvehicles.B.Thechallengesofdevelopingautonomousvehicles.C.Theprogressandchallengesofautonomousvehicles.D.Thefutureofautonomousvehicles.答案：C解析：文章前半部分介绍了自动驾驶汽车的进步和优势，后半部分讨论了其发展面临的挑战，C选项全面概括了文章主旨。A、B选项分别只涉及部分内容，D选项未来只是其中一部分，均不全面。2.Accordingtothepassage,howcanautonomousvehiclesreducetrafficaccidents?A.Bycommunicatingwitheachother.B.Byadjustingtheirspeeds.C.Byeliminatinghumanerror.D.Bycollectingdata.答案：C解析：文中明确提到自动驾驶汽车可以减少由人类错误导致的交通事故，C选项正确。A、B选项是改善交通流量的方式，D选项与减少事故无关。3.Whatisoneofthemainconcernsaboutautonomousvehicles?A.Thehighcostofdevelopment.B.Thelackoflegalframework.C.Theriskoftechnicalfailure.D.Theprivacyissue.答案：C解析：文中提到的主要担忧之一是安全，即技术故障的风险，C选项正确。B、D选项是挑战，但不是主要担忧，A选项文中未提及。4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthefutureofautonomousvehicles?A.Theywillnotbewidelyused.B.Theywillfacemanydifficulties.C.Theyhaveapromisingfuture.D.Theyneedmoreinvestment.答案：C解析：尽管存在挑战，作者认为自动驾驶汽车最终会成为道路上的常见景象，许多公司也在大力投资，说明作者认为其未来有希望，C选项正确。A选项与文意相反，B、D选项不是作者对未来的看法。5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanapplicationofautonomousvehicles?A.Personaltransportation.B.Commercialdelivery.C.Healthcare.D.Finance.答案：D解析：文章提到自动驾驶汽车可用于个人交通和商业delivery，而AI在医疗和金融领域有应用，但自动驾驶汽车的应用未提及金融，D选项正确。Text2Theimportanceofsleepcannotbeoverstated.Itisessentialforourphysicalandmentalhealth.However,intoday'ssociety,manypeoplearenotgettingenoughsleep.Thisisduetoavarietyoffactors,suchasworkpressure,socialmedia,andelectronicdevices.Lackofsleephasbeenlinkedtoanumberofhealthproblems,includingobesity,diabetes,andheartdisease.Itcanalsoaffectourcognitivefunction,suchasmemoryandconcentration.Additionally,sleepdeprivationcanleadtomooddisorders,suchasdepressionandanxiety.So,howmuchsleepdoweneed?Theanswervariesdependingonage.Forexample,adultstypicallyneed7-9hoursofsleeppernight,whileteenagersneed8-10hours.Childrenandinfantsneedevenmore.Toimprovesleepquality,thereareseveralthingswecando.First,weshouldestablisharegularsleepschedule.Goingtobedandwakingupatthesametimeeverydaycanhelpregulateourbody'sinternalclock.Second,weshouldcreateacomfortablesleepenvironment.Thisincludeskeepingthebedroomdark,quiet,andatacomfortabletemperature.Third,weshouldavoidusingelectronicdevicesbeforebed,asthebluelighttheyemitcaninterferewithoursleep.Anotherimportantfactorinsleepqualityisdiet.Eatingaheavymealbeforebedcanmakeitdifficulttofallasleep.Additionally,consumingcaffeineandalcoholclosetobedtimecanalsodisruptsleep.Inconclusion,gettingenoughqualitysleepiscrucialforouroverallhealthandwell-being.Bymakingsomesimplelifestylechanges,wecanimproveoursleepandenjoythebenefitsofawell-restedbodyandmind.6.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplaintheimportanceofsleep.B.Todiscussthecausesofsleepdeprivation.C.Toprovidetipsforimprovingsleepquality.D.Alloftheabove.答案：D解析：文章不仅解释了睡眠的重要性，讨论了睡眠不足的原因，还提供了改善睡眠质量的建议，D选项正确。A、B、C选项均只涉及部分内容。7.Accordingtothepassage,whataretheconsequencesoflackofsleep?A.Obesity,diabetes,andheartdisease.B.Cognitiveproblemsandmooddisorders.C.BothAandB.D.Noneoftheabove.答案：C解析：文中提到睡眠不足会导致肥胖、糖尿病、心脏病等健康问题，以及认知功能和情绪障碍，C选项正确。8.Howmuchsleepdoadultsusuallyneed?A.7-9hours.B.8-10hours.C.Morethan10hours.D.Lessthan7hours.答案：A解析：成人通常需要7-9小时睡眠，A选项正确。9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatipforimprovingsleepquality?A.Establishingaregularsleepschedule.B.Creatingacomfortablesleepenvironment.C.Eatingaheavymealbeforebed.D.Avoidingelectronicdevicesbeforebed.答案：C解析：睡前吃大餐会影响睡眠，不是改善睡眠的建议，C选项正确。A、B、D选项均为文中提到的建议。10.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardssleep?A.Indifferent.B.Worried.C.Positive.D.Negative.答案：C解析：作者强调睡眠的重要性，认为通过改变生活方式可以改善睡眠，态度是积极的，C选项正确。Text3Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingissuesfacingtheworldtoday.TheEarth'sclimateischangingatanunprecedentedrate,andthisishavingasignificantimpactonourenvironmentandsociety.Themaincauseofclimatechangeistheincreaseingreenhousegasemissions,suchascarbondioxide,fromhumanactivities.Theseemissionscomefromavarietyofsources,includingtheburningoffossilfuelsforenergy,transportation,andindustry.Theeffectsofclimatechangearefar-reaching.Risingglobaltemperatureshaveledtothemeltingoficecapsandglaciers,causingsealevelstorise.This,inturn,hasresultedinincreasedfloodingincoastalareasandthedisplacementofmillionsofpeople.Climatechangealsoaffectsweatherpatterns,leadingtomorefrequentandsevereextremeweatherevents,suchashurricanes,droughts,andheatwaves.Theseeventscanhaveadevastatingimpactonagriculture,leadingtofoodshortagesandhigherfoodprices.Inordertoaddressclimatechange,governmentsandorganizationsaroundtheworldaretakingaction.Thisincludesimplementingpoliciestoreducegreenhousegasemissions,suchascarbontaxesandrenewableenergysubsidies.Additionally,thereisagrowingmovementtopromotesustainablepractices,suchasrecyclingandenergyconservation.However,moreneedstobedone.Climatechangeisaglobalproblemthatrequiresglobalcooperation.Itisessentialforallcountriestoworktogethertoreduceemissionsandadapttothechangingclimate.11.Whatisthemaincauseofclimatechange?A.Naturalfactors.B.Humanactivities.C.Solaractivity.D.Volcaniceruptions.答案：B解析：文中明确指出气候变化的主要原因是人类活动导致的温室气体排放增加，B选项正确。A、C、D选项为自然因素，文中未提及。12.Whataretheeffectsofclimatechange?A.Risingsealevelsandflooding.B.Moreextremeweatherevents.C.Foodshortages.D.Alloftheabove.答案：D解析：气候变化导致海平面上升、洪水、更频繁的极端天气和粮食短缺，D选项正确。13.Whataregovernmentsdoingtoaddressclimatechange?A.Implementingcarbontaxes.B.Providingrenewableenergysubsidies.C.Promotingsustainablepractices.D.Alloftheabove.答案：D解析：政府采取的措施包括实施碳税、提供可再生能源补贴和促进可持续实践，D选项正确。14.Whyisglobalcooperationneededtoaddressclimatechange?A.Becauseclimatechangeisaglobalproblem.B.Becausesomecountriesarenottakingaction.C.Becauseitrequiresalotofmoney.D.Becauseitisdifficulttoimplementpolicies.答案：A解析：气候变化是全球性问题，需要全球合作，A选项正确。B、C、D选项文中未提及。15.Whatistheauthor'stoneinthepassage?A.Optimistic.B.Pessimistic.C.Urgent.D.Neutral.答案：C解析：作者强调气候变化是紧迫的问题，需要采取行动，语气是紧迫的，C选项正确。Text4Educationisafundamentalrightandplaysacrucialroleinpersonalandsocietaldevelopment.However,accesstoqualityeducationisstillachallengeformanypeoplearoundtheworld.Indevelopingcountries,thereareoftenissuessuchaslackoffunding,inadequateinfrastructure,andashortageofqualifiedteachers.Thesefactorsmakeitdifficultforchildrentoreceiveagoodeducation.Additionally,genderinequalityineducationisstillaprobleminmanypartsoftheworld,withgirlsbeinglesslikelytoattendschoolthanboys.Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowingemphasisononlineeducationasawaytoaddressthesechallenges.Onlineeducationoffersseveraladvantages,suchasincreasedaccesstoeducationalresourcesandtheabilitytolearnatone'sownpace.Itcanalsobemorecost-effectivethantraditionalclassroomeducation.However,onlineeducationalsohasitslimitations.Forexample,noteveryonehasaccesstotheinternetorthenecessarytechnologytoparticipateinonlinecourses.Additionally,somestudentsmaystrugglewiththelackofface-to-faceinteractionwithteachersandpeers.Anotherimportantaspectofeducationislifelonglearning.Intoday'srapidlychangingworld,itisessentialforindividualstocontinuelearningthroughouttheirlivesinordertokeepupwithnewdevelopmentsandskills.Topromotelifelonglearning,governmentsandorganizationsareofferingavarietyofprogramsandinitiatives.Theseincludeadulteducationcourses,vocationaltraining,andonlinelearningplatforms.16.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofeducation.B.Thechallengesofaccessingqualityeducation.C.Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofonlineeducation.D.Alloftheabove.答案：D解析：文章讨论了教育的重要性、获取优质教育的挑战以及在线教育的优缺点，D选项正确。A、B、C选项均只涉及部分内容。17.Whatarethechallengesofeducationindevelopingcountries?A.Lackoffundingandinfrastructure.B.Shortageofqualifiedteachers.C.Genderinequality.D.Alloftheabove.答案：D解析：发展中国家教育面临的挑战包括资金和基础设施缺乏、合格教师短缺以及性别不平等，D选项正确。18.Whataretheadvantagesofonlineeducation?A.Increasedaccesstoresources.B.Learningatone'sownpace.C.Cost-effectiveness.D.Alloftheabove.答案：D解析：在线教育的优势包括增加资源获取、自主学习和成本效益，D选项正确。19.Whatisthelimitationofonlineeducation?A.Lackofinternetaccess.B.Lackofface-to-faceinteraction.C.BothAandB.D.Noneoftheabove.答案：C解析：在线教育的局限性包括互联网接入不足和缺乏面对面互动，C选项正确。20.Whyislifelonglearningimportant?A.Tokeepupwithnewdevelopments.B.Toacquirenewskills.C.BothAandB.D.Noneoftheabove.答案：C解析：终身学习重要是为了跟上新发展和获取新技能，C选项正确。第三部分：新题型（1篇文章，设5小题，每小题2分，共10分）以下是一篇关于环境保护的文章，文中有5处空白，文章后面有6个句子，请根据文章内容从这6个句子中选择5个还原到文章中，使文章意思通顺、结构完整。Environmentalprotectionhasbecomeanincreasinglyimportantissueinrecentyears.Withtherapiddevelopmentofindustryandtechnology,theenvironmentisfacingseverechallenges.21.__________________Oneofthemaincausesofenvironmentaldegradationispollution.Pollutioncomesinmanyforms,includingairpollution,waterpollution,andsoilpollution.22.__________________Forexample,airpollutioncancauserespiratorydiseases,whilewaterpollutioncancontaminatedrinkingwaterandharmaquaticlife.Anotherfactorcontributingtoenvironmentalproblemsisdeforestation.Thecuttingdownoftreeshasledtosoilerosion,lossofbiodiversity,andanincreaseingreenhousegasemissions.23.__________________Inordertoaddresstheseissues,governmentsandorganizationsaroundtheworldaretakingvariousmeasures.24.__________________Forinstance,manycountrieshaveimplementedstrictenvironmentalregulationstolimitpollutionemissions.Additionally,thereareinitiativestopromotereforestationandtheuseofrenewableenergysources.Individualsalsoplayacrucialroleinprotectingtheenvironment.25.__________________Simpleactionssuchasreducingwaste,recycling,andusingpublictransportationcanmakeasignificantdifference.A.Thesepollutantshaveaharmfulimpactonhumanhealthandtheecosystem.B.Itisessentialforeveryonetotakeresponsibilityandmakesmallchangesintheirdailylives.C.Deforestationalsodisruptsthewatercycleandcontributestoclimatechange.D.Someofthesemeasuresincludeimplementingpoliciesandlaunchingawarenesscampaigns.E.Therefore,itisvitaltotakeimmediateactiontoprotectourenvironment.F.Theeffectsofthesechallengesarefar-reachingandaffectallaspectsoflife.答案：21.F22.A23.C24.D25.B解析：21.前文提到环境面临严峻挑战，F选项“这些挑战的影响是深远的，影响生活的各个方面”承接上文，正确。22.前文提到污染的各种形式，A选项“这些污染物对人类健康和生态系统有有害影响”说明污染的危害，正确。23.前文讲森林砍伐的影响，C选项“森林砍伐还会破坏水循环并导致气候变化”进一步说明其影响，正确。24.前文说政府和组织采取措施，D选项“这些措施包括实施政策和发起宣传活动”具体说明措施，正确。25.前文说个人也很重要，B选项“每个人都有必要承担责任并在日常生活中做出小的改变”符合，正确。第四部分：翻译英译汉（5小题，共10分）将下列英文句子翻译成中文。26.Therapiddevelopmentoftechnologyhasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourdailylives,makingitmoreconvenientandefficient.答案：技术的快速发展给我们的日常生活带来了许多变化，使其变得更加方便和高效。解析：“rapiddevelopment”快速发展，“bringabout”带来，“convenientandefficient”方便高效，准确翻译出句子的意思。27.Inordertoachievesuccess,onemustnotonlyhavedeterminationbutalsobewillingtoworkhardandlearnfromfailures.答案：为了取得成功，一个人不仅必须有决心，而且要愿意努力工作并从失败中学习。解析：“inorderto”为了，“determination”决心，“learnfromfailures”从失败中学习，正确传达句子含义。28.Theimportanceofmaintainingabalanceddietcannotbeoveremphasized,asithasadirectimpactonourphysicalandmentalhealth.答案：保持均衡饮食的重要性怎么强调都不为过，因为它对我们的身心健康有直接影响。解析：“cannotbeoveremphasized”不能被过分强调，即怎么强调都不为过，“balanceddiet”均衡饮食，准确翻译。29.Withtheincreaseinglobalwarming,moreandmorepeoplearebecomingawareoftheneedtoprotecttheenvironmentandtakepracticalactions.答案：随着全球变暖的加剧，越来越多的人开始意识到保护环境和采取实际行动的必要性。解析：“globalwarming”全球变暖，“becomeawareof”意识到，“practicalactions”实际行动，翻译通顺。30.Educationisnotonlyameanstoacquireknowledgebutalsoawaytodevelopone'spersonalityandcultivatecriticalthinkingskills.答案：教育不仅是获取知识的手段，也是发展个性和培养批判性思维技能的途径。解析：“means”手段，“acquireknowledge”获取知识，“criticalthinkingskills”批判性思维技能，准确表达句子意思。第五部分：写作（共2题，大作文20分，小作文10分，共30分）小作文31.假设你是李华，你的外国朋友Tom即将来中国学习，他写信向你询问如何适应中国的大学生活。请你给他写一封回信，提出一些建议。要求：格式正确，语言流畅；建议合理，不少于100词。答案：DearTom,I'mgladtohearthatyouarecomingtostudyinChina.Adaptingtoanewuniversitylifecanbechallenging,butwithsomepreparation,youca