2025年考研英语（一）阅读理解阅读理解能力冲刺试卷 知识储备

2025年考研英语（一）阅读理解阅读理解能力冲刺试卷知识储备考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分阅读理解Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Theriseoftheso-called"gigeconomy"hasbeenoneofthemostsignificanttrendsinthelabormarketoverthepastdecade.Fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomers,industriesfromtransportationtofreelancewritinghaveseenasurgeinshort-term,project-basedwork.Proponentsarguethatthisflexibilityoffersworkersgreaterautonomyandtheopportunitytochoosetheirownhoursandprojects.However,criticscontendthatthelackoftraditionaljobsecurityandbenefits,suchashealthinsuranceandretirementplans,createsvulnerabilityforgigworkers.Amajorconcernsurroundingthegigeconomyistheissueofworkerbenefits.Unliketraditionalemployees,gigworkersaretypicallyclassifiedasindependentcontractors,whichmeanstheyarenotentitledtothesamebenefitsastheirsalariedcounterparts.Thislackofaccesstohealthinsuranceandretirementplansleavesmanygigworkersexposedtofinancialrisks,particularlyastheyage.AccordingtoareportbytheEconomicPolicyInstitute,over80%ofgigworkersreporthavingnohealthinsurance,comparedtolessthan20%oftraditionalemployees.Furthermore,thegigeconomyhasbeencriticizedforcontributingtoincomeinequality.Whilesomegigworkersareabletoearnhighincomes,manyothersstruggletomakealivingwage.Thevariabilityofincomeinthegigeconomymakesitdifficultforworkerstobudgetandplanforthefuture.Thisinstabilitycanleadtofinancialstressandmakeitchallengingtosaveformajorlifeevents,suchasbuyingahomeorfundingeducation.Thefutureofthegigeconomyremainsuncertain,butitisclearthatthistrendislikelytocontinueshapingthelabormarketinthecomingyears.Astechnologycontinuestoevolveandmoreindustriesadoptplatform-basedmodels,thenumberofgigworkersisexpectedtogrow.Policymakerswillneedtoaddressthechallengesassociatedwiththisnewwayofworkingtoensurethatgigworkersareprotectedandcanthriveintheevolvingeconomy.Questions:1.Whatisthemaincharacteristicofthegigeconomymentionedinthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconcernregardingthebenefitsofgigworkers?3.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutincomeinequalityinthegigeconomy?4.Whatdoesthepassagepredictaboutthefutureofthegigeconomy?Passage2Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinsustainablelivingpracticesamongconsumers.Drivenbyconcernsaboutclimatechange,environmentaldegradation,andthehealthimpactsofconventionalproducts,manypeopleareseekingoutmoreeco-friendlyalternatives.Thisshiftinconsumerbehaviorhassignificantimplicationsforbusinesses,forcingthemtoreevaluatetheirproductionprocessesandproductofferings.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesforbusinesseslookingtoadoptsustainablepracticesisthehighinitialcost.Investinginrenewableenergysources,suchassolarorwindpower,canbeexpensive,especiallyforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Additionally,sourcingsustainablematerialsandimplementingenvironmentallyfriendlyproductionmethodsoftenrequiressignificantupfrontinvestment.Thesecostscanbeabarrierforbusinessesthataretryingtobalanceprofitabilitywiththeirsustainabilitygoals.Despitethesechallenges,therearealsopotentialbenefitsforbusinessesthatembracesustainablepractices.Researchhasshownthatconsumersareincreasinglywillingtopayapremiumforproductsthatareenvironmentallyfriendly.Byadoptingsustainablepractices,businessescandifferentiatethemselvesfromtheircompetitorsandattractenvironmentallyconsciousconsumers.Thiscanleadtoincreasedbrandloyaltyandhighersales.Anotherbenefitofsustainablepracticesisthepositiveimpactonacompany'sreputation.Inanerawherecorporatesocialresponsibilityishighlyvalued,businessesthatdemonstrateacommitmenttosustainabilityareoftenviewedmorefavorablybyconsumers,investors,andregulators.Thiscanleadtoincreasedinvestorconfidence,betteraccesstofunding,andastrongeroverallbrandimage.Questions:5.Whatisthemainreasonforthegrowinginterestinsustainablelivingpractices?6.Whatisasignificantchallengeforbusinesseslookingtoadoptsustainablepractices?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatpotentialbenefitcanbusinessesgainfromadoptingsustainablepractices?8.Whatpositiveimpactcansustainablepracticeshaveonacompany'sreputation?Passage3Theimpactofsocialmediaonmentalhealthhasbeenatopicofconsiderabledebateinrecentyears.Whilesocialmediaplatformsoffernumerousbenefits,suchastheabilitytoconnectwithfriendsandfamily,shareinformation,andstayupdatedoncurrentevents,therearealsopotentialnegativeconsequences.Oneofthemostsignificantconcernsistheeffectofsocialmediaonself-esteemandbodyimage.Socialmediaoftenpresentsanidealizedversionofpeople'slives,withcarefullycuratedpoststhatshowcasesuccesses,vacations,andperfectappearances.Thiscancreateunrealisticexpectationsandleadtofeelingsofinadequacyamongusers.Studieshaveshownthatexcessivesocialmediauseisassociatedwithincreasedratesofdepression,anxiety,andbodydysmorphia,particularlyamongyoungwomen.Anotherconcernisthephenomenonof"FOMO"(fearofmissingout),whichreferstotheanxietythatonemightbemissingoutonenjoyableorinterestingevents.Constantlyseeingothers'activitiesonsocialmediacanleadtofeelingsofenvyandsocialcomparison,whichcannegativelyimpactmentalwell-being.Thisconstantneedtostayconnectedandupdatedcanalsoleadtosleepdisturbances,asusersoftenfindthemselvesscrollingthroughtheirfeedslateintothenight.Despitetheseconcerns,itisimportanttonotethatsocialmediaisnotinherentlyharmful.Theimpactofsocialmediaonmentalhealthlargelydependsonhowitisused.Settingboundaries,suchaslimitingscreentimeandbeingmindfulofthecontentconsumed,canhelpmitigatesomeofthenegativeeffects.Additionally,socialmediacanbeapowerfultoolforpositivechange,allowingindividualstoconnectwithlike-mindedpeople,raiseawarenessaboutimportantissues,andfindsupportnetworks.Questions:9.Whatisasignificantconcernregardingtheimpactofsocialmediaonmentalhealth?10.Whatisthephenomenonof"FOMO"?11.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanhelpmitigatesomeofthenegativeeffectsofsocialmedia?12.Whatpositiveaspectofsocialmediaismentionedinthepassage?Passage4Theimportanceofeducationinfosteringeconomicdevelopmentcannotbeoverstated.Educationisnotonlyafundamentalhumanrightbutalsoapowerfultoolforpromotingsocialmobility,reducingpoverty,anddrivinginnovation.Countriesthatinvestheavilyineducationtendtoexperiencehigherratesofeconomicgrowthandimprovedlivingstandardsfortheircitizens.Oneofthekeywaysinwhicheducationcontributestoeconomicdevelopmentisbycreatingaskilledworkforce.Educatedworkersaremoreproductive,innovative,andadaptable,whichcanleadtoincreasedeconomicoutput.Additionally,educationcanhelptoreducepovertybyprovidingindividualswiththeskillsandknowledgetheyneedtosecurebetter-payingjobs.Studieshaveshownthatcountrieswithhigherlevelsofeducationtendtohavelowerpovertyratesandgreaterincomeinequality.Anotherimportantbenefitofeducationisitsroleinpromotingsocialmobility.Educationcanprovideindividualsfromdisadvantagedbackgroundswiththeopportunitytoimprovetheireconomicstatusandbreakthecycleofpoverty.Thiscanleadtoamoreequitablesocietywhereindividualshavethechancetosucceedbasedontheirmeritsratherthantheirsocioeconomicbackground.However,achievingthesebenefitsrequiressignificantinvestmentineducation.Governmentsneedtoallocateresourcestobuildschools,trainteachers,anddevelopcurriculumthatarerelevanttotheneedsoftheeconomy.Additionally,effortsneedtobemadetoensurethateducationisaccessibletoall,regardlessoftheirsocioeconomicbackgroundorgeographiclocation.Questions:13.Whatisthemaincontributionofeducationtoeconomicdevelopment?14.Howcaneducationhelptoreducepoverty?15.Whatistheroleofeducationinpromotingsocialmobility?16.Whataresomeofthechallengesinachievingthebenefitsofeducation?第二部分写作Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayofnolessthan150wordsonthetopicgivenbelow.WriteyouressayneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.TheImportanceofLifelongLearning试卷答案第一部分阅读理解Passage11.D解析思路：文章首段指出，“gigeconomy”是由数字平台连接服务提供者和顾客而兴起的一种工作模式，其特点是工作具有短期性、项目性。选项D“短期、项目性的工作模式”最能概括这一特征。2.A解析思路：文章第二段的核心内容是讨论“gigworkers”作为独立承包商无法享受传统员工福利的问题，特别是缺乏健康保险和退休计划。选项A“缺乏健康保险和退休计划等传统福利”准确概括了该段主旨。3.B解析思路：文章第三段明确指出，虽然部分零工经济工作者收入高，但许多人难以获得足以维持生活的工资，收入不稳定。选项B“收入不稳定且部分人难以获得足以维持生活的工资”符合文意。4.C解析思路：文章最后一段明确预测，随着技术的发展和更多行业采用平台模式，零工工作者数量预计将增长。选项C“零工工作者数量预计将增长”与文意一致。Passage25.A解析思路：文章首段直接点明，消费者对可持续生活实践的兴趣日益浓厚，原因是人们对气候变化、环境恶化和传统产品对健康的影响的担忧。选项A“对气候变化、环境恶化和健康影响的担忧”是主要原因。6.B解析思路：文章第二段明确提到，企业采用可持续实践的一个主要挑战是初始成本高，例如投资可再生能源、获取可持续材料和实施环保生产方法都需要大量前期投入。选项B“高初始成本，如投资可再生能源和获取可持续材料”是主要挑战。7.A解析思路：文章第三段指出，采用可持续实践的一个潜在好处是消费者愿意为环保产品支付溢价，从而带来品牌差异化和销量的增加。选项A“吸引环保消费者，增加品牌差异化和销量”是潜在好处。8.D解析思路：文章第四段说明，可持续实践能提升企业声誉，因为公司在社会责任方面的承诺会受到消费者、投资者和监管机构的积极评价，从而增加投资者信心、改善融资渠道和提升整体品牌形象。选项D“提升企业声誉，增加投资者信心和改善融资渠道”是正面影响。Passage39.B解析思路：文章第二段的核心是讨论社交媒体对自尊和身材形象的影响，指出社交媒体上呈现的理想化生活导致用户产生不切实际的期望和自卑感，并关联到抑郁、焦虑和体象障碍的增加。选项B“对自尊和身材形象造成负面影响，导致抑郁和焦虑”概括了主要担忧。10.C解析思路：文章第三段解释了“FOMO”的定义，即害怕错过他人有趣或重要活动的焦虑感，并指出社交媒体上的信息更新加剧了这种因社交比较而产生的嫉妒感。选项C“害怕错过他人有趣或重要活动的焦虑感”是FOMO的定义。11.A解析思路：文章最后一段提出，社交媒体的负面影响在很大程度上取决于使用方式，限制屏幕时间和注意内容可以缓解一些负面效果。选项A“限制屏幕时间和注意内容”是缓解负面影响的方法。12.D解析思路：文章最后一段提到，社交媒体可以成为积极的工具，允许人们连接志同道合者、提高对重要问题的认识、寻找支持网络。选项D“连接志同道合者、提高对重要问题的认识”是提到的积极方面。Passage413.C解析思路：文章首段明确指出教育不仅是基本人权，更是促进社会流动、减少贫困、推动创新的关键工具，并指出投资教育多的国家经济增长和生活水平更高。选项C“促进社会流动、减少贫困和推动创新”是教育对经济发展的主要贡献。14.B解析思路：文章第二段说明，受过教育的劳动者更有效率、更具创新性和适应性，能增加经济产出；教育为个人提供技能和知识以获得更好的工作，从而减少贫困。选项B“提供技能和知识以获得更好的工作”是教育减少贫困的方式。15.A解析思路：文章第三段指出，教育为弱势背景的个人提供了改善经济地位、打破贫困循环的机会，使个人能凭才能而非社会经济背景成功，从而促进社会公平。选项A“为弱势背景个人提供改善经济地位的机会”是其在促进社会流动中的作用。16.C解析思路：文章最后一段提到，实现教育益处需要政府投入资源建设学校、培训教师、开发相关课程，并确保教育对所有人（无论社会经济背景或地理位置）都易于获得。选项C“需要政府投入资源并确保教育对所有人易于获得”是面临的一些挑战。第二部分写作TheImportanceofLifelongLearningInourrapidlychangingworld,thesignificanceoflifelonglearningcannotbeoverstated.Itreferstothecontinuousacquisitionofknowledgeandskillsthroughoutone'slife,regardlessofageorcareerstage.Thisconcepthasbecomeincreasinglyvitalintoday'ssocietyforseveralcompellingreasons.Firstly,lifelonglearningisessentialforprofessionaldevelopment.Asindustriesevolveandnewtechnologiesemerge,individualsneedtoconstantlyupdatetheirskillstoremaincompetitiveinthejobmarket.Continuouslearningenablesprofessionalstoadapttonewchallenges,enhancetheirexpertise,andopenupnewcareeropportunities.Forinstance,someoneworkinginthetechindustrymustcontinuallylearnaboutthelatestp