2023年度湖南水利水电职业技术学院单招《英语》预测复习附参考答案详解（夺分金卷）

湖南水利水电职业技术学院单招《英语》预测复习考试时间：90分钟；命题人：教研组考生注意：1、本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟2、答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级填写在试卷规定位置上3、答案必须写在试卷各个题目指定区域内相应的位置，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（选择题60分）一、单选题（20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、Onthedarkstreet,therewerenopeoplearound（）shecouldturnforhelp.A.towhomB.withwhomC.bywhomD.forwhom答案:A解析:这道题考查定语从句。在定语从句中，turntosb.forhelp是常见搭配，表示“向某人求助”。题中先行词是people，还原后是shecouldturntopeopleforhelp，所以要用towhom。B选项withwhom表示“和某人一起”；C选项bywhom表示“被某人”；D选项forwhom表示“为了某人”，均不符合题意。综上所述，答案选A。2、HowoldisMike?A.2.B.10.C.16,D.19.答案:D解析:根据信件内容，Laura提到她的两个兄弟分别是Jack和Mike，并且他们分别是16岁和19岁。因此，Mike的年龄是19岁。3、BuddyisbeinglookedonasaheroonFridayafter（1）hisowner'slifeby（2）thesleepingman（3）afire.ThecatgavesomeofhisownninelivestohisownerwhenafirestartedintheirhouseinTorontoonThursday.Thecat（4）onthemanandmoved（5）enoughtowakehimup.The75-year-oldman,wholiveswithBuddy,isbeingtreatedin（6）forburnstohisfaceandhands.“He's（7）ahero.（8）hehadn'twokenhimup,hecouldhave（9）thatfire,”saidKellyHand,whohasbeenlookingafterBuddyataTorontoanimalhospital.“Thisis（10）foreat.Itwouldbemorelikelythatadogwoulddo（11）likethis.Buddy（12）theanimalhospital（13）singedfurand（14）inblacksoot.Heisnowtakingsome（15）andwillbewellsoon,”saidHand.

第(14)选（）A.coloredB.filledC.broughtD.covered答案:D解析:在句子中描述Buddy在医院里的情况时，用到了“coveredinblacksoot”，表示Buddy身上被黑色的烟灰所覆盖。选项D“covered”恰好表达了这一意思，因此是正确答案。其他选项如“colored”表示着色，“filled”表示填充，“brought”表示带来，均不符合句意。4、Ifeel_______tohearthebadnews.A.sorryB.relaxingC.friendlyD.happy答案:A解析:这道题考查对词汇含义的理解。“sorry”有“遗憾、难过”之意；“relaxing”指“令人放松的”；“friendly”意为“友好的”；“happy”是“开心的”。听到坏消息通常会感到遗憾、难过，所以应选A选项“sorry”。5、Therearesomesuggestionsonhowto（）aplantohelpthepoorchildrentogetgoodeducation.A.endupwithB.comeupwithC.keepupwithD.bebusywith答案:B解析:这道题考查与“提出计划”相关的短语。“comeupwith”有“提出，想出”之意。在帮助贫困儿童获得良好教育这件事上，需要“想出”一个计划，A选项“endupwith”意为“以……结束”，C选项“keepupwith”是“跟上”，D选项“bebusywith”指“忙于”，都不符合题意，所以应选B选项“comeupwith”。6、Funandpractical,theseappsareworthdownloading.*ForestWhenworkingonyourhomework,youmightsometimesfindthatyoursmartphoneisdistrac-ting(使分心)you.AnappcalledForestcanhelpyoustayfocused.Whenyousetanewtaskintheappandsetacertainamountoftimetofinishit,atreeseedwillbe“planted”intheapp.Ifyoukeepfinishingyourtask,theseedwillgrowintoatree.Butifyouclosetheappandplaywithyourphoneinstead,thetreewillwitherandevendie.Onceyoufinishthetask,yourtreewillbe“planted”intheapp.Gradually,youwillhaveaforest!Youcanshareyourachievementswithyourfriendsandtryto“plant”differentkindsoftrees.*RocketAlarmClockIt'shardtogetoutofbedeverymorning.Youmighthitthe“snooze”button(止闹按钮)onyouralarmclockagainandagainjusttogetalittlemoresleep.However,theRocketAlarmClockappcanhelp!Theapp'salarmcannotbeeasilyturnedoff.Youhavetoshakeyourphonewildly,solvediffi-cultmathproblems,orevenblowintoyourphone'smicrophonetoturnitoff.Forexample,inoneoftheapp'smodes,therearesomeunidentifiedflyingobjects(UFOs)thatareattackingtheearth.YouhavetoblowhardonyourmicrophonetogetridoftheUFOsandturnoffthealarm.*XiawenThisappmakesreadingnewsfeellikechattingwithafriend.Newsstoriespopupjustlikeatextmessagefromafriend.Ifyou'reinterested,youcanclick“readon”.Ifnot,justclick“newone”.Inaddition,theapp'snewsstoriesarepresentedinaninterestingway.Thereareemojis(表情符号),audioclips(音频剪辑)andmemestohelpyoubetterunderstandeachpicceofnews.Ifyouwanttocommentonthestoriesyouread,youcanjoindifferentgroupsanddiscussthestorieswithothers.

Ifyouwanttoturnoffthealarmof“RocketAlarmClock”,youshoulddothefollowingEXCEPT（）A.shakeyourphonewildlyB.solvedifficultmathproblemsC.blowintothephone'smicrophoneD.hitthe“snooze”buttonagainandagain答案:D解析:根据原文描述，RocketAlarmClock应用的闹钟不能轻易关闭，用户需要剧烈摇动手机、解决复杂的数学问题或对着手机麦克风吹气来关闭闹钟。而选项D中的“再次按下‘打盹’按钮”并未在文中提及作为关闭闹钟的方法，因此是除外的选项。7、—WillyoupleasegivethedictionarytoJane?—Sure.I'llgiveittoher（）shearriveshere.A.beforeB.untilC.becauseD.assoonas答案:D解析:这道题考查连词的用法。在英语语法中，不同的连词有不同的含义和用法。assoonas表示“一……就……”，用于引导时间状语从句。题中说“Sure.I'llgiveittoher（）shearriveshere.”，意思是“她一到这儿我就给她”，强调动作的及时性，符合语境。before表示“在……之前”，until表示“直到……”，because表示“因为”，都不符合此处语境。所以答案选D。8、Ifhe（）it.he（）tome.A.willknow;willwriteB.knows;willwriteC.knows;writesD.knows;hadwrites答案:B解析:这道题考查条件状语从句中的时态。在条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则。从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。A选项从句将来时错误；C选项主句用一般现在时错误；D选项主句时态错误。B选项“knows”是一般现在时，“willwrite”是一般将来时，符合“主将从现”，所以选B。9、Awarmthoughtsuddenlycametome（）Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother'sbirthday.A.ifB.whenC.thatD.which答案:C解析:这道题考查同位语从句的用法。同位语从句用于对名词进行解释说明，在句中不充当成分。题中“awarmthought”（一个温馨的想法）后的“Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother'sbirthday”是对这个想法的具体内容解释，且在从句中不充当成分，应用that引导同位语从句。A选项if表“如果”，B选项when表“当……时候”，D选项which引导定语从句，在句中充当成分，均不符合题意。所以选C。10、TianwuhasclimbedHuashanmorethan3,000timesinthepastdecade.Heisa（1）,transportinggoodsuptheslopesonhisback,foraliving.Butheismost（2）,forhisdisability:Hehasonlyonearm.He（3）hisleftarminanaccidentin1992atthecoalmine.Withtwoyoungchildrenandparentsto（4）,hewasworkingovertimethatdaywhenapulleybrake（5）.Afterthatheopenedastore,butitwentbankruptfromtoomany（6）sales.（7）hishardwork,hewasleftwithnothingbutdebts.ThenheheardaboutbearersforHuashanMountainfromafriendandthoughtitwouldbean（8）job.Hisfirstjobwasto（9）30kilogramsofgoodstoHighLadder.Hehadacompanionwho（10）mid-way,buthefinishedhisjobwith（11）paininhisknees.Butashe（12）experiencethroughtheyears,hehasdevelopedhisown（13）forclimbingthemountain.Nowhecarries60kilogramsofgoodsupthemountaineveryday—1kilogrammorethanhisownbodyweight.（14）,hemakesthreetofourtripseachdaytoandfrom.“I（15）eachstepverycarefullyandhaveneverhadanyaccidentinthepast10years.”Hesaid.Beingabearerisatiresomeanddulljobinmanypeople'sminds,butheenjoyshimself.Heap-preciatesandremembersthecalligraphy（16）intherocksandcopiesthem.Hisfavoriteoneis,“Thoughheavysnowfallsdownonverdant(青翠的)pines,thepinesstillstand（17）。”Heoncesaid,“I'dliketostayherebecausethemountainpaysmyhardwork（18）。”“Idon'tlament(对……感到悲痛)formy（19）daysandwillnotfearthefuture,”Hesaid.Thepainstakingjobhasgivenhimastrong（20）

第13空填（）。A.wayB.techniqueC.procedureD.desired答案:B解析:根据文章内容，Tianwu经过多年的背夫工作经验，已经形成了自己独特的爬山方法。在描述这种经过长时间实践形成的方法时，使用“technique”（技术、技巧）更为贴切。它强调的是一种通过实践和经验积累形成的、较为专业或独特的方法或技能。而“way”（方式、方法）虽然也可以表示方法，但相对较为宽泛，不够具体；“procedure”（程序、流程）则更多指的是一系列步骤或流程，与文中描述的Tianwu的爬山方法不完全吻合；“desired”（渴望的、期望的）与文意不符。因此，正确答案是B。11、TianwuhasclimbedHuashanmorethan3,000timesinthepastdecade.Heisa（1）,transportinggoodsuptheslopesonhisback,foraliving.Butheismost（2）,forhisdisability:Hehasonlyonearm.He（3）hisleftarminanaccidentin1992atthecoalmine.Withtwoyoungchildrenandparentsto（4）,hewasworkingovertimethatdaywhenapulleybrake（5）.Afterthatheopenedastore,butitwentbankruptfromtoomany（6）sales.（7）hishardwork,hewasleftwithnothingbutdebts.ThenheheardaboutbearersforHuashanMountainfromafriendandthoughtitwouldbean（8）job.Hisfirstjobwasto（9）30kilogramsofgoodstoHighLadder.Hehadacompanionwho（10）mid-way,buthefinishedhisjobwith（11）paininhisknees.Butashe（12）experiencethroughtheyears,hehasdevelopedhisown（13）forclimbingthemountain.Nowhecarries60kilogramsofgoodsupthemountaineveryday—1kilogrammorethanhisownbodyweight.（14）,hemakesthreetofourtripseachdaytoandfrom.“I（15）eachstepverycarefullyandhaveneverhadanyaccidentinthepast10years.”Hesaid.Beingabearerisatiresomeanddulljobinmanypeople'sminds,butheenjoyshimself.Heap-preciatesandremembersthecalligraphy（16）intherocksandcopiesthem.Hisfavoriteoneis,“Thoughheavysnowfallsdownonverdant(青翠的)pines,thepinesstillstand（17）。”Heoncesaid,“I'dliketostayherebecausethemountainpaysmyhardwork（18）。”“Idon'tlament(对……感到悲痛)formy（19）daysandwillnotfearthefuture,”Hesaid.Thepainstakingjobhasgivenhimastrong（20）

第1空填（）A.carrierB.guideC.bearerD.servant答案:C解析:根据文章内容，Tianwu以背运货物为生，这符合“bearer”（搬运工）的定义，即负责搬运或背负货物的人。文章中明确提到“hebecameabearerforHuashanMountain”，说明他是华山的一名搬运工。其他选项如“carrier”通常指运输工具或承运人，“guide”指导游或向导，“servant”指仆人或服务生，均不符合文章描述的Tianwu的职业身份。因此，正确答案为C，“bearer”。12、Theflaglooksespeciallybeautiful_______________thebluesky.A.againstB.onC.towardsD.beyond答案:A解析:这道题考查介词的用法。“against”有“以......为背景；与......对比”之意。在句中，“Theflaglooksespeciallybeautifulagainstthebluesky.”意思是旗帜在蓝天的映衬下显得格外美丽，“against”能准确表达旗帜与蓝天形成的对比背景。其他选项“on”表示在......上面；“towards”表示朝向；“beyond”表示超过。综合比较，A选项最符合句子语境。13、—Excuseme,canyoutellmethewaytothenearestundergroundstation?—Walkstraighton（）youseeawhitebuilding.It'srightthere.A.thoughB.sinceC.untilD.if答案:C解析:这道题考查连词的用法。“until”有“直到......为止”的意思。在这个情境中，一直往前走直到看见白色建筑，表示动作的持续。“though”表转折，“since”表原因或自从，“if”表如果，都不符合句意。所以应选“until”，它能准确表达一直走这个动作持续到看见建筑为止。14、Thehigh-speedtrain______QingdaoandBeijingtravelsfasternow.Thetrainridetakesonlyaboutthreehours.A.fromB.amongC.inD.between答案:D解析:这道题考查介词的用法。在表示“在……之间”时，between用于两者之间，from表示“来自”，among用于三者或三者以上之间，in表示“在……里面”。Qingdao和Beijing是两个地点，所以用between来表示“在青岛和北京之间”，故选D。15、Ourteachertoldusthatlight（）muchfasterthansound.A.traveledB.travelsC.istravellingD.wastravelling答案:B解析:这道题考查宾语从句中动词的时态。在科学事实和客观真理的表述中，即便主句是过去时，从句仍用一般现在时。光比声音传播速度快是客观真理。A是一般过去时，C是现在进行时，D是过去进行时，都不符合客观真理的时态要求，所以选B，用一般现在时travels。16、Bookstoresaresecondhomesforreaders.Althoughmanypeoplecannowbuybooksonline,manyreadersstilllikethefeelinginbookstores.Theycantouchthebooksandsmelltheprint.InChina,therearemanyspecialbookstores.SanlianTaofenBookstorebecamethefirst24-hourbookstoreinBeijingatthebeginningofApril.PopularHoldingsinShanghaiisafilm-themedbook-store.Ithasfilmbooksandposters.EsliteBookstoreinTaiwanoftenhasactivitiesliketalkswithfamouswriters.Atthesametime,bookstoresoutsideChinacanbeverycolorful,too.ScarthinBooksisasmallbookstoreintheUK.Itsellsnewandsecond-handbooks.Therearemorethan100,000bookslyingontheshelvesofthestore's12rooms.Bart'sBooksintheUSisagoodplacetoenjoythesun-shinewhileyouarereadingbooks.It'sanoutdoorbookstore.Bookshelvesareonthestreet.Whenthestoreisclosed,peoplecanstillbuybooks.Theyjustputmoneyintothedoor'scoinbox.Wherecanyoufindacafe,barandbookstoreinjustoneplace?TheanswerisprobablyElPenduloinMexico.Bookslinethewallsofthestore.Onthesecondfloor,visitorscanordereverydaymealsinthecafeanddrinksfromthebar.Inordertokeepcool,therearegreenplantsandtreesinside.Doesitlooklikeapark?

Thereare（）insideElPenduloinordertokeepcool.A.12roomsB.bookshelvesC.greenplantsandtreesD.coinboxes答案:C解析:为了保持凉爽，ElPendulo书店内部设有绿色植物和树木。17、Notonly（）butalso（）isdelicious.A.biscuits;cakeB.biscuits;cookieC.cake;cookiesD.cookies;biscuit答案:A解析:这道题考查并列结构的词汇搭配。Notonly...butalso...连接两个并列的名词，在英语中，biscuits（饼干）和cake（蛋糕）是常见的食品类名词，且在这种结构中搭配合理。而B选项中cookie通常用复数cookies；C选项顺序不符；D选项biscuit应是复数biscuits。所以答案选A。18、TheUniversityofTokyoistheoldestuniversityinJapanandhasalwaysbeenintheleadwhenitcomestofacingnewchallenges.Withits10departments,15graduateschools,and11researchinstitutes,ithasbeenaguidingforceinresearchandeducationineveryfield.

TheUniversityofTokyo'srecordindevelopingimportanthumanresourcesforJapanesesocietyiswellknown,butnow,withthehundredsofexchangeagreementsmade,theuniversityhasformedwithoverseasuniversities,anditisplayinganimportantroleintheinternationalacademiccommunityaswell.Specifically,theroleitplaysinvariousinter-universityorganizationswithinAsiahasbecomeincreasinglyimportantinrecentyears.Morethan2000internationalstudents,beyond10percentoftheentirestudentbody,arecurrentlystudyingintheUniversity'sgraduateschools.

TheUniversityofTokyobecameanindependentcorporationinApril2004.Therealimportanceofthisshiftisthattheuniversitynowhasanewstructurethatwillenableittouseitsresourcesmoreefficientlythanbefore.Theimportantpositionthatuniversitieshaveinthedevelopmentofsocialandeconomicfieldsinthe21stcenturyisalreadywellunderstoodaroundtheworld.Theexpectationspeoplenowholdforuniversitiesandtheincreasinglystrictstandardsagainstwhichtheywillbeevaluated(评估)aresimplytwosidesofthesamecoin.TheUniversityofTokyoiswellawareofthecurrentenvironmentandhasbeguntotakethenecessarystepstochangeitselfintoanewuniversityforanewcentury.

HowmanystudentsarethereintheUniversityofTokyo?A.20,000.B.More

than

20,000.C.Less

than

20,000.D.2000.答案:C解析:东京大学的学生总数约为2.75万人，其中本科生约1.4万人，研究生约1.35万人。根据这些数据，东京大学的学生人数明显超过20,000人。因此，选项C“少于20,000人”是正确的。题目中提到的“超过2000名国际学生，占学生总数的10%以上”进一步验证了学生总数远超20,000人。东京大学在国际学术界的重要地位和多样化的学生构成也反映了其大规模的学生群体。19、—Doyouhaveanyplansforthiswinterholiday?

—Iamnotsure.I（）takeatriptoHainan.A.mustB.needC.mayD.should答案:C解析:这道题考查情态动词的用法。情态动词表示说话人的态度和推测。must表示肯定的推测“一定”；need意为“需要”；may表示“可能，也许”；should表示“应该”。根据回答“Iamnotsure.”可知不确定，所以“may”更符合，表示“可能去海南旅行”。20、TheotherdayIheardafewlocalmusicianstalking:

“Ihatealltheterriblepianosinthistown,Ihatethatrubbishtheyplayontheradio.Theycan'tevenunderstandabitofmusic.”

“I'mneverplayinginthatclubagain.Toomanydrunksandnobodylistensto

us.”

But,oneyoungermusiciansaid,“Thereareafewclubsthatbookmybandafewnightsamonth,andI'mtryingtofindotherplacestoplay,I'malsolookingtobookafewsummerfestivalsthisyear.”

I'veheardthatyouaretheaverageofthefivepeoplewhomyouspendthemosttimewith,ortoputitanotherway,youarewhoyourfriendsare.

Attitudesareimportant.Whetherthey'repositiveornegative,they'rerubbingoffonyou.Ifyou'rearoundpeoplewhocomplainaboutlackofworkandaboutothermusicians，orblameothers，andyouplaytheroleofvictim(受害者)，chancesareyouwillstarttoaswell.Soit'stimetotakealookatthepeopleyoucall“friends”.

Thisisaneasyexercise:Makealistofthepeoplewhoyouhangoutwith,andsimplystopspendingtimewiththenegativepeopleonyourlist.Setanewstandardforyourselfanddon'tbecomefriendswithpeoplewhofallbelowthatstandard.

Keepsuccessfulpeoplearoundyouandyourownchancesforsuccesswillbemuchbetter.Askthemhowtheydoit.Askiftheywillhelpyougettheworkyou'relookingfor,ormaybegiveyousomeadvicetohelpyouonyourcareerpath.

BytakingtheexercisementionedinParagraph7,youcan_.A.improve

a

lot

in

making

more

friendsB.come

to

the

right

way

of

making

friendsC.develop

a

better

relationship

with

your

friendsD.arrange

the

time

with

your

friends

properly答案:B解析:通过第7段提到的练习，即列出与自己相处的人，并停止与消极的人交往，可以引导个体找到正确的交友方式。这种方式强调与那些态度积极、能够支持个人梦想的人建立友谊，从而避免受到消极态度的影响。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题40分）二、填空题（10小题，每小题3分，共计30分）1、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）听课时，她喜欢记笔记。(while)答案:Shelikestotakenoteswhileattendingclasses．2、[未知题型(5)]Hewasmade（）(sweep)thefloor．答案:tosweep3、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）既然你没有别的事做，为什么不跟我们一起去呢？(since)答案:Sinceyouhavenothingelsetodo,whynotgowithus?4、DearFiona,

Howareyouthesedays?IaminBeijingforsixmonths.Andeverythingisgoingwellwith_____(11)_____.Buttobehonest,Iamalittle_____(12)_____thesedays.Myhusband,Ben,isbusywithhis_____(13)_____,too.Everyday,he_____(14)_____himabouttwo_____(15)_____togettohisoffice.It's_athalfpastsixandthengoestoworkbybus.Usuallyittakes_____(16)_____fromourhome.Andmy_____(17)_____isonlytwoyearsold.Sheistoo_____(18)_____,soIcan'tgotoworkandhavetolookafterherathome.

It'steno'clocknow,butwejust_____(19)_____thedinner.Whatarewedoingnow?Benis_____(20)_____thedishesinthekitchen.Heistired,_____(21)_____hestillhelpsmewhenhegetshome.I_____(22)_____tellmygirlastorytohelphersleep.Afterwritingtoyou,Ineedtoprepare_____(23)_____fortomorrowmorning.AndthenIcan_____(24)_____myselfandthengotobed.ThedayaftertomorrowisSaturday.AndI'llgobackhomethen._____(25)_____toseeyousoon.

Yours,

Laura.

根据短文内容，在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案填入文中(23)处。（）A.dinnerB.lunchC.dishD.breakfast答案:D解析:根据短文内容，Laura在信中提到“Afterwritingtoyou，Ineedtoprepare_____fortomorrowmorning.”，意思是写完信后，她需要为明天早上准备某物。结合选项，只有D选项“breakfast”早餐符合早上准备的食物，因此答案为D。5、Isthere_____betweentheblackboardandthenoticeboard,Mary?A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything答案:B解析:在一般疑问句中，通常使用"anything"来询问是否存在某物或某事，而"something"则用于肯定句中。本题干中的句子为一般疑问句，询问黑板和布告栏之间是否有某物，因此应使用"anything"。所以选项B是正确的。6、[未知题型(5)]Pleasepassme（）(一瓶)ofmilk．答案:abottle7、—What____usefulbookitis!

—Yeah,ittellsyouhowtoplay____guitar.A.an；theB.a；aC.a；theD.an；a答案:C解析:这道题考查不定冠词和定冠词的用法。不定冠词a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元音音素开头的单词前。useful以辅音音素开头，用a。“playthe+乐器”是固定用法，guitar是乐器，要用the。所以答案选C。8、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。HefoundA(it)B(thesuitcase)veryC(heavy)toD(carry)．答案:A，删掉it9、[未知题型(5)]Thenecklacewhichshelost（）(make)ofglass．答案:is/wasmade10、Mr.Hope,thecleaneratourschool,walkswithalimp(跛脚).Watchinghimwalkslowlyaroundourschool,Ioftenwonderedwhyhelimped.

OnedayIsawtwoboyslaughingatMr.Hope.Theheadmasterwa