初中英语语法难点学习教案

会计学1初中(chūzhōng)英语语法难点第一页，共29页。英语句子结构(jiégòu)和英语句子成分

第1页/共29页第二页，共29页。1.Shecame．主+不及物动词(jíwùdònɡcí)2.ShelikesEnglish。主+及物动词(jíwùdònɡcí)+宾语3.Sheishungry.主+系+表4.ShegaveTomagift．主+及物动词(jíwùdònɡcí)+间接宾语+直接宾语第2页/共29页第三页，共29页。5.Sheboughtabookforme.主+动词(dòngcí)+直接宾语+间接宾语6.Shemakeshermotherangry主+动词(dòngcí)+宾语+宾语补足语7.Theteacheraskedmetoreadthebook.主+动词(dòngcí)+宾语+宾语补足语第3页/共29页第四页，共29页。英语(yīnɡyǔ)简单句的五种基本句型S+V+O 主+谓+宾S+V 主+谓（不及物动词）S+V+P 主+系+表S+V+O+O主+谓+双宾语(bīnyǔ)S+V+O+C主+谓+宾语(bīnyǔ)+宾语(bīnyǔ)补足语第4页/共29页第五页，共29页。Wesawyou.否：Wedidn’tseeyou.Wedidourhomework.Youarebeautiful否：Youaren’tbeautiful.Youseemworried.Youareastudent.都有三部分，主语也一样．时态(shítài)一致动词不同（实义动词，系动词），否定式不同:+助动词，不用．表语可以是形容词，宾语不行．只有宾语有补足语

相同点：不同点:第5页/共29页第六页，共29页。句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种主语、谓语、宾语、定语(dìngyǔ)、状语、表语、宾语补足语。第6页/共29页第七页，共29页。1、I’mMissYu.

2、Tomcleanshisbedroomeveryday.

3、MynameisYuYan.

4、HecanspeakEnglish.Hegaveme

agift.

Hegaveagifttome.

(主语(zhǔyǔ))（谓语(wèiyǔ)）（表语(biǎoyǔ)）（宾语）（间宾）（直宾）（直宾)（间宾）第7页/共29页第八页，共29页。5、Wuhanisabigcity.6、Heworkshard.7Theyusuallykeeptheirclassroomclean.Heoftenhelpsmedomyhomework.TheteacherwantedmetolearnEnglishallbymyself.Whereisyourclassmate

Tom?

（定语(dìngyǔ)）（状语(zhuàngyǔ)）（宾语(bīnyǔ)补足语）（宾语补足语）（宾语补足语）第8页/共29页第九页，共29页。1.Subject（主语(zhǔyǔ)）Thesunrisesintheeast

Helikesswimming.Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.

Seeingisbelieving.

Toseeistobelieve.Whatheneedsisabook.ItisveryhardthatwestudyEnglishwell.（名词(míngcí)）

（代词(dàicí)）(数词)

（动名词）（不定式）（主语从句）（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）第9页/共29页第十页，共29页。(一）指出下列(xiàliè)句中主语①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②Thereisanoldmancominghere.③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.第10页/共29页第十一页，共29页。Verb：(谓语(wèiyǔ))WestudyEnglish.

Heisasleep.(二).选出句中谓语(wèiyǔ)①Idon‘tlikethepictureonthewall.

A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?

A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.beB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon（B）（A）（C）（A）第11页/共29页第十二页，共29页。3.Predicative：（表语(biǎoyǔ)）Sheisanurse.

Fiveandfiveisten.

Heisasleep.Ourteacherisin.

Abagisonthedesk.Mykeyislost.

Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(名词(míngcí))

（数词(shùcí)）（形容词）（副词）（介词短语）（形容词化的分词）第12页/共29页第十三页，共29页。常见连系动词状态(zhuàngtài)系动词，用来表示主语的状态(zhuàngtài)，只有be动词一词。持续系动词，用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况和态度。主要有keep,stay,remain等。感官系动词，也叫半系动词，主要有look，feel,smell,sound,taste.变化系动词，用来表示主语怎么样，主要有become，grow,turn,fall,get等。第13页/共29页第十四页，共29页。归纳(guīnà)：第14页/共29页第十五页，共29页。比较：Thedinnersmellsgood.（晚餐闻起来很香。）Thegirlissmellingtheflower.（那女孩正在闻着花。）Icansmellsomethingburning.(我能闻到有一股烧焦(shāojiāo)的味道。)

第15页/共29页第十六页，共29页。Eg:

Heisateacher.Wemustkeepourclassroomclear.Everyoneshouldstayhealthy.Thatsoundsinteresting.Theorangetastesgood.Thedaygetslongerinsummer.Hebecamemadafterthat.第16页/共29页第十七页，共29页。(三)挑出下列(xiàliè)句中的表语①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.

②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.

④Soontheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.⑤Heisthefirstmantoknowaboutit.①tired

②worried

③yellow

④interested

⑤first第17页/共29页第十八页，共29页。4.Object:(宾语(bīnyǔ))1)IlikeChina.

Hehatesyou.Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.Ienjoyplayingbasketballwithyou.Ihopetoseeyouagain.

Doyouknowwherehelives?(名词(míngcí))（代词(dàicí)）数词动名词（动词不定式）（宾语从句）第18页/共29页第十九页，共29页。2）Heboughtme

abookyesterday.

=Heboughtabookformeyesterday.Givethepoorman

somemoney.=Givesomemoneytothepoor

man.第19页/共29页第二十页，共29页。(四)挑出下列(xiàliè)句中的宾语①Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming.①hishomework

②English

③yourpronunciation

④newwords

⑤togoswimming第20页/共29页第二十一页，共29页。5.Objectivecomplement(宾语(bīnyǔ)补足语)Weelectedhimmonitor.Weshouldn’tmakethemunhappy.Ifoundnobodyin.Pleasemakeyourselfathome.Don’tlethimdothat.Mymotheraskedmetomakethebed.Don’tkeepthelightsburning.I’llhavemybikerepaired.第21页/共29页第二十二页，共29页。(五)挑出(tiāochū)下列句中的宾语补足语①ShelikesthechildrentoreadEnglishinthemorning.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttofinishthework.④TheycallmeMeimeisometimes.⑤IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.⑥Didyouhearhimsingingthesong?

第22页/共29页第二十三页，共29页。6.Attribute：(定语(dìngyǔ))YuYanisanEnglishteacher.Sheismygoodfriend.Webelongtothethirdworld.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.ThemanoverthereismyhusbandThewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.（名词(míngcí)）（代词(dàicí)）（数词）（形容词）(副词)(介词)第23页/共29页第二十四页，共29页。TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.

Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.

Ihaveanideatodoitwell.YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.（现在(xiànzài)分词）（过去分词）（不定式）（定语(dìngyǔ)从句）第24页/共29页第二十五页，共29页。(六)挑出下列(xiàliè)句中的定语①TheyuseMr.Mrs.withthefamilyname.②Whatisyourgivenname?③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.第25页/共29页第二十六页，共29页。7.Adverbial：(状语(zhuàngyǔ))Iwillgotheretomorrow.

Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.

Hestudieshard