国家开放大学《人文英语3》章节测试参考答案及解析

国家开放大学《人文英语3》章节测试参考答案及解析适用课程：国家开放大学《人文英语3》（本科层次公共英语课程）题型覆盖：单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、翻译、写作核心目标：夯实语言基础，提升跨文化交际与实用表达能力Unit1FamilyLife（家庭生活）一、单项选择（每题2分，共10分）Myparents______for30yearsandtheystillloveeachotherdeeply.A.havemarriedB.havebeenmarriedC.marriedD.weremarried答案：B解析：“for30years”表示持续的时间段，需用延续性动词短语“bemarried”，结合现在完成时，故选B。A项“marry”为短暂性动词，不可与时间段连用。Itisimportantthatparentsshould______goodexamplesfortheirchildren.A.setB.makeC.doD.take答案：A解析：固定搭配“setexamples”意为“树立榜样”，符合语境。其他选项无此搭配，故选A。—Howdoyouusually______withyourgrandparents?—WechatonWeChateveryweekend.A.keepintouchB.keepupC.keeponD.keepout答案：A解析：“keepintouchwith”表示“与……保持联系”，契合“chatonWeChat”的语境。B项“keepup”意为“跟上”，C项“keepon”意为“继续”，均不符合题意。Thecoupledecided______anewhouseinthesuburbsbecauseofthegoodenvironment.A.buyB.buyingC.tobuyD.bought答案：C解析：固定用法“decidetodosth.”意为“决定做某事”，故选C。______myopinion,familygatheringshelpstrengthentherelationshipbetweenfamilymembers.A.InB.OnC.AtD.For答案：A解析：固定搭配“Inone'sopinion”意为“在某人看来”，为常用表达，故选A。二、完形填空（每题2分，共10分）Familyisthebasicunitofsociety.Itprovidesuswithlove,supportandsecurity.Whenwefacedifficulties,ourfamilymembersarealwaystheretohelpus.Lastyear,Ilostmyjobandfeltveryfrustrated.Mywifeencouragedmetokeepgoingandhelpedme1.______jobopportunitiesonline.Myparentsalsocalledmeeverydaytocheermeup.Withtheirsupport,Ifinallyfoundanewjobthreemonthslater.Thisexperiencemademerealizehowimportantfamilyis.Nomatterwhathappens,familywillalwaysbeour2.______harbor.Weshouldcherishthetimewespendwithourfamilyandexpressourlovetothem3..Inmodernsociety,manypeoplearebusywithworkandhavelesstimefortheirfamilies.However,weshould4.thatfamilycomesfirst.Evenashortphonecallorasmallgiftcanmakeabigdifferencetoourlovedones.Let'svalueourfamilyandcreatemoresweetmemories5.______them.A.lookforB.lookafterC.lookupD.lookatA.safeB.dangerousC.noisyD.crowdedA.hardlyB.alwaysC.neverD.seldomA.forgetB.rememberC.regretD.mindA.withB.withoutC.forD.against答案：1.A2.A3.B4.B5.A解析：结合“jobopportunities”可知，此处表示“寻找工作机会”，“lookfor”符合语境。“harbor”在此处比喻“港湾”，应搭配“safe”（安全的），体现家庭的庇护作用。语境强调应“经常”向家人表达爱意，“always”符合逻辑。此处意为“记住家庭优先”，“remember”与前文“busywithwork”形成对比。“creatememorieswithsb.”表示“与某人创造回忆”，为固定搭配。三、翻译（每题5分，共10分）父母的言行对孩子的成长有很大影响。答案：Parents'wordsanddeedshaveagreatinfluenceonchildren'sgrowth.解析：“言行”译为“wordsanddeeds”，“对……有影响”用“haveaninfluenceon”，“成长”译为“growth”（名词形式），符合英文表达习惯。Itisnoteasyforelderlypeopletoadapttothefast-pacedmodernlife.答案：老年人很难适应快节奏的现代生活。解析：“Itisnoteasyforsb.todosth.”译为“某人做某事不容易”，“elderlypeople”译为“老年人”（委婉表达），“fast-paced”译为“快节奏的”。Unit2HealthManagement（健康管理）一、单项选择（每题2分，共10分）Regularexercisecanhelpus______fitandreducetheriskofillness.A.keepB.takeC.makeD.get答案：A解析：固定搭配“keepfit”意为“保持健康”，是常用表达，故选A。—What'swrongwithyou?Youlooktired.—Ididn'tsleepwelllastnightbecauseof______.A.headacheB.aheadacheC.headachesD.theheadache答案：B解析：“头痛”常用“haveaheadache”，此处“becauseof”后接名词短语，需加不定冠词“a”，故选B。Itissuggestedthatweshouldeatmorefruitsandvegetables______offastfood.A.insteadB.becauseC.apartD.except答案：A解析：“insteadof”意为“代替”，此处表示“多吃果蔬代替快餐”，符合健康管理的语境，故选A。Thedoctoradvisedhim______smokingtoimprovehislungfunction.A.stopB.stoppingC.tostopD.stopped答案：C解析：固定用法“advisesb.todosth.”意为“建议某人做某事”，故选C。Mentalhealthis______importantasphysicalhealth.A.soB.asC.tooD.very答案：B解析：“as+形容词原级+as”表示“和……一样”，为同级比较结构，符合语境，故选B。二、阅读理解（每题2分，共10分）Passage：Healthiswealth.Everyonewantstostayhealthy,butnoteveryoneknowshowtodoitproperly.Herearesomepracticaltipsforhealthmanagement.First,maintainabalanceddiet.Weshouldeatavarietyoffoods,includinggrains,proteins,fruitsandvegetables.Avoideatingtoomuchsugarandsalt,astheyareharmfultoourhealth.Second,doregularexercise.Activitieslikewalking,runningandswimmingcanstrengthenourbodyandboostourmood.Itisrecommendedthatweexerciseatleast30minutesaday,fivedaysaweek.Third,getenoughsleep.Adultsneed7-9hoursofsleepeverynight.Poorsleepcanleadtotirednessandpoorconcentration.Fourth,managestress.Wecantryrelaxationtechniqueslikedeepbreathingormeditationtoreducestress.Finally,goforregularhealthchecks.Earlydetectionofillnesscanincreasethechanceofrecovery.Byfollowingthesetips,wecanimproveourhealthandenjoyabetterlife.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofwealth.B.Tipsforhealthmanagement.C.Theharmofpoorsleep.D.Waystoreducestress.答案：BWhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Balanceddiet.B.Regularexercise.C.Traveling.D.Healthchecks.答案：CHowmuchexercisedoweneedeveryweekaccordingtothepassage?A.30minutes.B.150minutes.C.7hours.D.9hours.答案：B解析：“30minutesaday,fivedaysaweek”计算可得每周150分钟。Whyshouldweavoidtoomuchsugarandsalt?A.Theyareexpensive.B.Theyareharmfultohealth.C.Theytastebad.D.Theyarehardtodigest.答案：BWhatcanhelpreducestressaccordingtothepassage?A.Eatingmoresugar.B.Sleepingless.C.Deepbreathing.D.Workingovertime.答案：C三、写作（15分）题目：Writeashortpassageabout"HowtoKeepHealthy"(about80words).参考范文：HowtoKeepHealthyKeepinghealthyisimportantforeveryone.Herearesomewaystoachieveit.First,haveabalanceddiet.Eatmorefruits,vegetablesandwholegrains,andavoidjunkfood.Second,doregularexercise.Ioftenjoginthemorningandplaybasketballonweekends.Third,getenoughsleep.Igotobedearlyandgetupearlyeveryday.Finally,stayinagoodmood.TalkingwithfriendswhenIfeelstressedhelpsalot.Bydoingthese,wecanstayhealthyandhappy.Unit3EducationandLearning（教育与学习）一、单项选择（每题2分，共10分）Onlinelearninghasbecomemoreandmore______inrecentyearsbecauseofitsconvenience.A.popularB.difficultC.boringD.expensive答案：A解析：结合“becauseofitsconvenience”可知，在线学习应是“受欢迎的”，“popular”符合语境，故选A。Theteacherencouragedthestudents______questionsiftheydidn'tunderstand.A.askB.askingC.toaskD.asked答案：C解析：“encouragesb.todosth.”意为“鼓励某人做某事”，为固定用法，故选C。—Howdoyou______yourEnglishvocabulary?—IreadEnglishnovelsandmakewordlists.A.improveB.increaseC.decreaseD.forget答案：B解析：“increasevocabulary”意为“增加词汇量”，符合“readnovelsandmakewordlists”的语境。A项“improve”侧重“提升（能力等）”，故选B。Ittakestimeandeffort______aforeignlanguagewell.A.learnB.learningC.tolearnD.learned答案：C解析：“Ittakes...todosth.”为固定句型，意为“做某事花费……”，故选C。Lifelonglearningmeansthatwekeep______newknowledgeandskillsthroughoutourlife.A.studyB.studyingC.tostudyD.studied答案：B解析：“keepdoingsth.”意为“持续做某事”，固定搭配，故选B。二、翻译（每题5分，共10分）我们应该充分利用在线资源来辅助我们的学习。答案：Weshouldmakefulluseofonlineresourcestoassistourlearning.解析：“充分利用”译为“makefulluseof”，“在线资源”译为“onlineresources”，“辅助学习”译为“assistourlearning”。Lifelonglearninghelpsusadapttothechangingsocietyandachievepersonalgrowth.答案：终身学习帮助我们适应不断变化的社会并实现个人成长。解析：“Lifelonglearning”译为“终身学习”，“adaptto”译为“适应”，“personalgrowth”译为“个人成长”。Unit4WorkandCareer（工作与职业）一、单项选择（每题2分，共10分）Mysisterhas______asateacherfortenyears.Shelovesherjobverymuch.A.workedB.studiedC.livedD.played答案：A解析：“workas”意为“担任……工作”，结合“fortenyears”和“teacher”，故选A。—Whatareyour______forthefuture?—Iwanttostartmyowncompany.A.plansB.hobbiesC.problemsD.habits答案：A解析：结合答语“startmyowncompany”可知，问句询问“未来计划”，“plans”符合语境，故选A。Goodcommunicationskillsareveryimportantinthe______.A.workplaceB.classroomC.hospitalD.supermarket答案：A解析：“workplace”意为“职场”，此处强调沟通技能在职场中的重要性，故选A。Hedecidedto______anewjobbecausehewantedmorechallenges.A.lookforB.lookupC.lookafterD.lookat答案：A解析：“lookforanewjob”意为“找一份新工作”，符合“wantedmorechallenges”的语境，故选A。Itisimportantto______abalancebetweenworkandlife.A.keepB.makeC.doD.take答案：A解析：固定搭配“keepabalance”意为“保持平衡”，为常用表达，故选A。二、完形填空（每题2分，共10分）Intoday'scompetitiveworld,findingasatisfyingjobandbuildingasuccessfulcareerisnoteasy.However,withtherightattitudeandskills,wecanachieveourcareergoals.First,itisimportanttohaveclearcareer1..Weshouldknowwhatwewanttodoandwhatwearegoodat.Thishelpsusmakebetterdecisionsaboutourjobchoices.Second,weneedtoimproveourprofessionalskills.Wecantakecoursesorattendtrainingprogramstolearnnewskills.Third,developgoodinterpersonalskills.Gettingalongwellwithcolleaguesandclientscanhelpus2.inourwork.Fourth,beproactiveandresponsible.Employersvalueemployeeswhoarewillingtotakeinitiativeand3.______theirdutiesseriously.Finally,keeplearning.Theworkplaceisalwayschanging,soweneedtokeepupwithnewdevelopment