苏州市人民医院血管外科外语应用能力考核

苏州市人民医院血管外科外语应用能力考核一、选择题（每题2分，共20题）1.Whichofthefollowingtermsbestdescribestheconditionofbloodvesselnarrowingduetoatherosclerosis?A.AneurysmB.ThrombosisC.StenosisD.Endothelialdysfunction2.Inthetreatmentoflowerlimbchronicvenousinsufficiency,whichmedicationiscommonlyusedtoimprovevenoustone?A.HeparinB.TinzaparinC.EnoxaparinD.Diosmin3.Whatisthemedicaltermforthesurgicalrepairofanabdominalaorticaneurysmusingasyntheticgraft?A.Endovascularaneurysmrepair(EVAR)B.OpenaorticaneurysmrepairC.AneurysmectomyD.Aortocavalfistularepair4.Whichimagingmodalityismostcommonlyusedforinitialevaluationofperipheralarterydisease?A.MRIB.CTangiography(CTA)C.UltrasoundD.PETscan5.Whatdoestheabbreviation"PAD"standforinvascularsurgery?A.PeripheralarterydiseaseB.PulsedarterialdiseaseC.ProgressiveatherosclerosisdiseaseD.Pseudo-aneurysmdisease6.Whichofthefollowingisakeyriskfactorforthedevelopmentofdeepveinthrombosis(DVT)?A.HypertensionB.ObesityC.SmokingD.Alloftheabove7.Whatisthetermforthesurgicalremovalofabloodclotfromavessel?A.ThrombectomyB.AngioplastyC.StentplacementD.Atherectomy8.Whichsurgicaltechniqueinvolvesplacingastentinsideanarrowedbloodvesseltoimprovebloodflow?A.EndarterectomyB.EndovascularstentgraftingC.BypasssurgeryD.Atherectomy9.Whatisthemedicaltermfortheswellingofaveincausedbybloodbackingup?A.VaricoseveinsB.ArterialinsufficiencyC.PhlebitisD.Aneurysm10.Whichofthefollowingmedicationsisusedtopreventbloodclotsinpatientswithatrialfibrillation?A.WarfarinB.AspirinC.ClopidogrelD.Rivaroxaban二、填空题（每题2分，共10题）1.Thesurgicalproceduretorepairadamagedbloodvesselusingasyntheticorautologousgraftiscalled________.2.Theconditioninwhichabloodvesselwallweakensandbulgesisknownasa(n)________.3.Theprocessofwideninganarrowedarteryusingaballooncatheteriscalled________.4.Abloodclotthatformsinadeepveinisreferredtoasa(n)________.5.Thetermforthesurgicalconnectionofahealthyarterytoablockedoneis________.6.Themedicalconditioncharacterizedbyreducedbloodflowtothelimbsiscalled________.7.Theprocessofremovingplaquefromanarteryiscalled________.8.Theuseofacathetertoinjectmedicationdirectlyintoabloodvesselistermed________.9.Thesurgicalrepairofarupturedaneurysmisknownas________.10.Thetermfortheinflammationofaveinis________.三、简答题（每题5分，共5题）1.Describethekeydifferencesbetweenopensurgicalrepairandendovascularrepairofanabdominalaorticaneurysm.2.Explaintheroleofstatinsinthemanagementofperipheralarterydisease.3.Whatarethecommonclinicalsignsandsymptomsofdeepveinthrombosis?4.Discusstheimportanceofcompressiontherapyinthetreatmentofchronicvenousinsufficiency.5.Howdoessmokingcontributetothedevelopmentofvasculardiseases?四、翻译题（每题10分，共2题）1.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese:"Endovascularaneurysmrepair(EVAR)isaminimallyinvasiveprocedurethatinvolvesplacingastentgraftinsidetheaortatoreinforcetheweakenedareaandpreventrupture.Thistechniqueisoftenpreferredinpatientswithasmalleraneurysmorthoseathighersurgicalrisk."2.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish:"Thediagnosisofperipheralarterydiseasetypicallyinvolvesacombinationofclinicalevaluation,ankle-brachialindex(ABI)measurement,andimagingstudiessuchasDopplerultrasoundorCTangiography.Earlydetectionandmanagementarecrucialtopreventcomplicationslikecriticallimbischemia."答案与解析一、选择题答案与解析1.C.Stenosis-解析：Stenosis指血管狭窄，与题干描述的动脉粥样硬化导致的血管狭窄一致。2.D.Diosmin-解析：Diosmin是一种黄酮类化合物，常用于治疗慢性静脉功能不全，改善静脉张力。3.B.Openaorticaneurysmrepair-解析：开放手术修复腹主动脉瘤是传统术式，而EVAR为微创介入治疗。4.C.Ultrasound-解析：超声是PAD的初筛手段，经济便捷，适用于基层医院。5.A.Peripheralarterydisease-解析：PAD是外周动脉疾病的英文缩写，是血管外科常见疾病。6.D.Alloftheabove-解析：高血压、肥胖、吸烟均为DVT的危险因素。7.A.Thrombectomy-解析：血栓切除术是直接清除血管内血块的外科手术。8.B.Endovascularstentgrafting-解析：该技术通过支架植入扩张狭窄血管，是血管外科常用术式。9.A.Varicoseveins-解析：静脉曲张是静脉肿胀的常见表现，与静脉回流障碍有关。10.A.Warfarin-解析：华法林是维生素K拮抗剂，用于预防房颤患者血栓形成。二、填空题答案与解析1.Aneurysmrepair-解析：血管修复手术通常使用人造或自体材料重建血管。2.Aneurysm-解析：动脉瘤是血管壁薄弱导致的局部膨出。3.Angioplasty-解析：球囊扩张术是经皮介入治疗狭窄血管的常用方法。4.Deepveinthrombosis(DVT)-解析：深静脉血栓是下肢静脉系统常见的血栓性疾病。5.Bypasssurgery-解析：旁路手术是将血流绕过阻塞段，恢复远端血供。6.Peripheralarterydisease(PAD)-解析：PAD是外周动脉供血不足的疾病，可导致肢体缺血。7.Atherectomy-解析：旋切术是机械清除动脉粥样硬化斑块的手术。8.Catheterization-解析：导管介入技术可用于药物灌注或血管造影。9.Aneurysmrepair-解析：动脉瘤破裂需紧急手术修复，防止脑出血等并发症。10.Phlebitis-解析：静脉炎是静脉炎症，可伴疼痛和肿胀。三、简答题答案与解析1.开放手术与介入修复的差别-开放手术需较大切口，创伤较大，但适应症广；介入修复微创，恢复快，但技术要求高，适用于特定患者。2.他汀类药物的作用-他汀可降低胆固醇，稳定斑块，改善内皮功能，是PAD的一线药物治疗。3.DVT的临床表现-单侧下肢肿胀、疼痛、皮温升高、浅静脉扩张，严重时可导致肺栓塞。4.压迫治疗的重要性-通过弹力袜或压力治疗，可促