2014年10月自考《英语一》讲义-Unit-05-含课文、生词表、课后练习及答案

Unit5MusicandLeisure

AFAMOUSQUOTE

Withoutmusic,lifewouldbeamistake.

——FriedrichNietzsche

音乐是生命的支柱。

——弗里德里希·尼采

FriedrichNietzsche（1844-1900）,German-Swissphilosopherandwriter,oneofthemostinfluentialofmodernthinkers.Hewrotecriticaltextsonreligion,morality,contemporaryculture,philosophyandscience.

弗里德里希·威廉·尼采（FriedrichWilhelmNietzsche，1844～1900）德国-瑞士哲学家、作家，同时也是最有影响力的现代思想家之一。他写的批评主题学说涉及到宗教信仰、道德品行、当代文化、哲学和科学等领域。SpeakingActivity

MakinganAppointment

SampleDialogueReadthefollowingconversation.Payattentiontohowthespeakersmakeanappointment.

Cindy:Dr.Peterson'soffice.HowcanIhelpyou?

David:I'dliketomakeanappointment.WouldDr.Petersonbeabletoseemeat9:30tomorrow?

Cindy:I'msorry,buthehasn'tgotanyopeningsuntil11:00,unlessthere'sacancellation.

David:Would1:00intheafternoonbeconvenient?

Cindy:Yes,he'sfreethen.MayIhaveyourname?

David:Yes,it'sDavidLain.

Cindy:HaveyouseenDr.Petersonbefore?

David:Yes,Ihadaphysicalexaminationlastyear.

Cindy:Right.I'vescheduledyouinfor1:00o'clock.

David:Thankyou.GuidedPracticeDirections:Workwithyourpartnerandmakeupasituationinwhichyouinviteyourpartnertoadinner.Youmayusethefollowingtipstohelpyou.

Areyouavailableon…？

Canwemeeton…?

Is…convenientforyou?

Whatabout…？

Yes,…isfine.

Sorry,I'mafraidIcan't…TextA

NewWords1、universaladj.donebyorinvolvingallthepeopleintheworldorinaparticulargroup全世界的；共同的

2、definev.tosayorexplainwhatthemeaningofawordorphraseis解释（词语的含义）；给…下定义

3、melodyn.atune,especiallythemaintuneinapieceofmusicwrittenforseveralinstrumentsorvoices旋律；曲调；（尤指）主旋律

4、beatv.tomake,orcausesomethingtomake,aregularsoundormovement（使）规律作响，作节奏运动

5、tunen.aseriesofmusicalnotesthataresungorplayedinaparticularordertoformapieceofmusic曲调；曲子

6、personaladj.yourown;notbelongingtoorconnectedwithanyoneelse个人的；私人的

7、definitionn.whatanidea,etc.means定义

8、varyv.tobedifferentfromeachotherinsize,shape,etc.（大小、形状等）相异，不同，有别

9、bucketn.anopencontainerwithahandle,usedforcarryingorholdingliquids,sand,etc.（有提梁的）桶

10、shudderv.toshakebecauseyouarecoldorfrightened,orbecauseofastrongfeeling发抖，打颤，战栗

11、varietyn.severaldifferentsortsofthesamething不同种类，多种式样

12、genren.aparticulartypeorstyleofliterature,art,filmormusicthatyoucanrecognizebecauseofitsspecialfeatures体裁，类型

13、perspectiven.theabilitytothinkaboutproblemsanddecisionsinareasonablewaywithoutexaggeratingtheirimportance客观判断力；权衡轻重的能力

14、icebreakern.athingthatyoudoorsay,likegameorajoketomakepeoplefeellessnervouswhenwheyfirstmeet消除隔阂的行动，活跃气氛的话

15、optionn.somethingthatyoucanchoosetohaveordo;thefreedomtochoosewhatyoudo可选择的事物；选择

16、evokev.tobringafeeling,amemoryoranimageintoyourmind引起，唤起（感情、记忆或形象）

17、soothev.tomakesomebodywhoisanxious,upset,etc.feelcalmer安慰；抚慰；劝慰

18、unwindv.tostopworryingorthinkingaboutproblemsandstarttorelax放松；轻松

19、comfortv.tomakesomebodywhoisworriedorunhappyfeelbetterbybeingkindandsympathetictowardsthem安慰；抚慰；宽慰

n.apersonorthingthathelpsyouwhenyouaresuffering,worriedorunhappy令人感到安慰的人（或事物）

20、motivatev.tomakesomebodywanttodosomething,especiallysomethingthatinvolveshardworkandeffort推动…甘愿苦干；激励；激发

21、pumpv.（ofaliquid）toflowinaparticulardirectionasifitisbeingforcedbyapump（液体）涌出：涌流；奔流

22、productiveadj.doingorachievingalot有效益的；富有成效的

23、creativityn.theabilitytouseyourimaginationtoproducenewideas,makethings,etc.创造力

24、aspectn.aparticularpartorfeatureofasituation,anidea,aproblem,etc.;awayinwhichitmaybeconsidered方面；层面

25、instrumentn.anobjectusedforproducingmusicalsounds,forexampleapianooradrum乐器

26、imaginationn.theabilitytocreatepicturesinyourmind;thepartofyourmindthatdoesthis想象力；想象

27、cravev.tohaveaverystrongdesireforsomething渴望；热望

28、addictionn.theconditionofbeingaddictedtosomething瘾；入迷；嗜好

29、copev.todealsuccessfullywithsomethingdifficult（成功地）对付，处理

30、tensionn.asituationinwhichpeopledonottrusteachother,orfeelunfriendlytowardseachother,andwhichmaycausethemtoattackeachother紧张局势（或关系、状况）

31、inspirationn.theprocessthattakesplacewhensomebodyseesorhearssomethingthatcausesthemtohaveexcitingnewideasormakesthemwanttocreatesomething,especiallyinart,musicorliterature灵感

32、unlockv.toundothelockofadoor,window,etc.,usingakey（用钥匙）开…的锁PhrasesandExpressions1、relatetotobeabletounderstandandhavesympathywithsomebody/something产生共鸣；领略；了解；认同

2、inhandusedtosayanundertakingisbeingdealtwith正在处理中TextAPre-readingQuestions

1.Doyouenjoylisteningtomusic?Whatkindofmusicdoyoulikebest?

2.Doyouagreethatmusicisauniversallanguage?MusicasaUniversalLanguageTheimportanceofmusicinourlivescannotbedefinedwithwords.Itistheairwebreatheandthethoughtswethink.Itisthemelodiesthatbeattothetuneofourhearts.Itistheuniversallanguagethatwecanallunderstandandrelateto,evenwhenourpersonaldefinitionsvary.①Musicisaveryvaluabletoolthroughouttheworld.

Iamnotamusician.Icouldn'tcarryatuneinabigoldbucket,yetIstillsingalongwithmyfavoritesong.②Ishudderatthethoughtoflifewithoutmusic.MusicisaveryimportantpartofmyworldandwithoutitIdon'tknowhowIwouldhavecomeasfarasIhave.③

Musicisvariety.Becausetherearemanydifferentstylesandgenresofmusic,thereissomethingforeveryone.Althoughwemaynotalwayslikeeverytypeofmusiconthemarket,thevarietymakesmusicuniversal.

Musicisthevoicewelongforwhenwecan'tfindwordstospeak.Manypeoplewillagreethattherearesongsthatwerewrittenjustforthem.④Songscansometimessaythingsbetterthanwecouldhavesaidthem.Theycanexpressouremotionsthoughwedidn'treallyknowwefeltthatway.Musiccanputthingsintoperspective.⑤

Musicisagreaticebreaker.Therearealotoftopicstobediscussedwhenitcomestomusic.⑥Ifyouaretalkingaboutmusic,deadsilenceisn'tanoption.Playingmusicinthebackgroundatpartieswillhelpcalmyourguests.Musicsetsthemoodandmakesthingshappier.

Musicspeakstoouremotions.Itevokesmemories.Itcanremindusofhappytimes.Itcanhelpusrelatetoexperiences.Itcanbringasmiletoourfaceortearstooureyes.Musicisalinktooursoul.

Musicsoothes,andrelaxesus.Musicisagreatwaytounwind.Ithelpsusfeelbetterwhenweareblue.⑦Itcomfortsuswhenwearelonely,yetitmakesusrealizethatwearen'talone.

Musicmotivatesus.Listeningtomusiccanprepareusformanypossibilities.Itgetsourbloodpumpingandpointsusintherightdirection.Musiccanmakeusfeelmoreproductive.Itpreparesusforthetaskinhand.

Musicgivesusameansofcreativity.Therearemanyaspectstomusic,suchasplayinganinstrument,writingthewords,orevendancing.Ifweusemusictohelpuscreate,ourimaginationhasnolimits.

Ineedmusicliketheflowersneedrain.Icraveitlikeachildcravescandy.Itisahealthyaddictionandapleasantwayofcopingwiththemanytensionsoflife.Musicisasimportanttomeasbreathingandfood.Itismyescape,mycomfort,andmyinspiration.Musicisthekeythatunlocksmysoul.KeySentences1、Itistheuniversallanguagethatwecanallunderstandandrelateto,evenwhenourpersonaldefinitionsvary.

即使我们个人对音乐的定义各不相同，它也是我们都能理解和产生共鸣的通用语言。

2、Icouldn'tcarryatuneinabigoldbucket,yetIstillsingalongwithmyfavoritesong.

我虽然唱歌跑调，却仍爱哼唱我最喜欢的歌曲。

3、MusicisaveryimportantpartofmyworldandwithoutitIdon'tknowhowIwouldhavecomeasfarasIhave.

音乐是我的世界中非常重要的一部分，没有音乐我就不知道自己将会怎么样。

4、Manypeoplewillagreethattherearesongsthatwerewrittenjustforthem.

很多人都认为那些歌曲好像正是为他们而写的。

5、Musiccanputthingsintoperspectives.

音乐让我们更好地看待事物。

6、Therearealotoftopicstobediscussedwhenitcomestomusic.

当聊到音乐的时候，我们有很多可以讨论的话题。

7、Ithelpsusfeelbetterwhenweareblue.

它能在我们忧郁的时候，帮助我们感觉好一点。Notes1.can'tcarryatune（inabucket）:（figurative）tobeunabletosingasimplemelody;lackingmusicalabilityExercisesⅠCheckingYourComprehension

Directions:Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionfromtheinformationgiveninthepassage.

1.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?

A）Theauthorprefersclassicalmusic.

B）Theauthorispooratsinging.

C）Theauthorhaswrittenmanysongs.

D）Theauthorisastudentinamusicschool.[答疑编号506494050301：针对该题提问]

【答案】B

【解析】第二段前两句Iamnotamusician.Icouldn'tcarryabigoldbucket,yetIstillsingalongwithmyfavoritesong.我不是音乐家。我虽然唱歌跑调，却仍爱哼唱我最爱的歌曲。答案为B。

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whatmakesmusicuniversal?

A）Creativity.B）Motivation.C）Variety.D）Melody.[答疑编号506494050302：针对该题提问]

【答案】C

【解析】第三段最后一句…thevarietymakesmusicuniversal，音乐风格的多样性确实让音乐成为全世界的普遍的。答案为C。

3.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutmusiccomparedwithwords?

A）Musichasthesamefunctionsaswords.

B）Musiccan'texpressouremotionsasclearlyaswords.

C）Musicsometimesismorepowerfulthanwords.

D）Musiccanbridgethegapbetweenpeoplewithdifferentlanguages.[答疑编号506494050303：针对该题提问]

【答案】C

【解析】整个第四段作者都在讲，当我们找不到合适的语言来表达感情的时候，音乐能很好地传递情感。答案为C。

4.Whydoestheauthorsay"musicisagreaticebreaker"?

A）Musiccanhelppeoplecalmdownatanoisyparty.

B）Musiccanputpeopleinagoodmood.

C）Musicisaverygoodtopicforpeopletostartaconversation.

D）Musicsilencespeoplewhentheylistentoit.[答疑编号506494050304：针对该题提问]

【答案】C

【解析】第五段第二、三句Therearealotoftopicstobediscussedwhenitcomestomusic.Ifyouaretalkingaboutmusic,deadsilenceisn'tanoption.当聊到音乐的时候，我们有很多可以讨论的话题。如果你们谈论音乐，就不会有死一般的沉寂了。答案为C。

5.Whenwearealone,ifwelistentomusic,_______.

A）wemayfeelevenlonelier

B）wewillfeelweareneveralone

C）wemaybemovedtotears

D）wemayinstantlybecomehappy[答疑编号506494050305：针对该题提问]

【答案】B

【解析】第七段最后一句Itcomfortsuswhenwearelonely,yetitmakesusrealizethatwearen'talone，当我们孤独的时候它能宽慰我们，它让我们意识到自己不是一个人。答案为B。

ⅡBuildingYourVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectchoiceofthewordsgiveninthebrackets.

1.Dictionarywritersmustbeskilledintheartof________.（define,definition）[答疑编号506494050306：针对该题提问]

【答案】definition

【解析】of后应填入名词形式。define,v.给……下定义、解释；definition,n.定义、解释。答案为definition。

2.Thedoctorbelievesthatheiswasting_______timeandeffort.（valuable,valueless）[答疑编号506494050307：针对该题提问]

【答案】valuable

【解析】名词timeandeffort前缺少限定它们的形容词。valuable,adj.宝贵的、有价值的；valueless,adj.不足道的、无价值的。结合句意“医生认为他是在浪费宝贵的时间和精力”,空格处应填valuable。答案为valuable。

3.Tokeepfit,weallneed___________inourdiet.（vary,variety）[答疑编号506494050308：针对该题提问]

【答案】variety

【解析】宾语不全，缺少名词。vary,v.有别、使多样化；variety,n.不同种类、多种式样。答案为variety。

4.Finallyheturnedtohistutorforhelpbecausehehadother___________.（option,optional）[答疑编号506494050309：针对该题提问]

【答案】option

【解析】缺少宾语，应填入一个名词。option,n.可选择的事物、选择；optional,adj.可选择的、随意的。答案为option。

5.Canyou_______whatitwouldbeliketolivewithoutelectricity?（imagine,imaginative）[答疑编号506494050310：针对该题提问]

【答案】imagine

【解析】谓语部分不全，需要填入动词。imagine,v，想象、设想；imaginative,adj.富有想象力的、虚构的。答案为imagine。

6.Hisnobleexample_______therestofustogreaterefforts.（inspired,inspiration）[答疑编号506494050311：针对该题提问]

【答案】inspired

【解析】缺少谓语，应填入动词。inspire,v.鼓舞、激励，使产生灵感；inspiration,n.灵感。注意本句时态可以用一般过去时。答案为inspired。

SectionB

Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwhereductivecreativity⑤aspect③addiction

①universal⑥personal②comforted④motivation1.TopeoplelivinginBritain,weatherisasubjectofalmost_______interest.[答疑编号506494050312：针对该题提问]

【答案】universal

【解析】名词interest前缺少限定它的形容词。universal，全世界的、共同的。译文，生活在英国的人们，天气几乎是普遍感兴趣的话题。答案为universal。

2.She_______herselfwiththethoughtthatitwouldsoonbespring.[答疑编号506494050313：针对该题提问]

【答案】comforted

【解析】comfortwith固定搭配，安慰、用……来安慰。注意时态前后保持一致，应该用一般过去时。译文，她用春天很快就到了这个想法来安慰自己。答案为comforted。

3.Thepromisingactressdiedofalcohol_______atanearlyage.[答疑编号506494050314：针对该题提问]

【答案】addiction

【解析】缺少宾语，应填入名词。addiction,n.瘾、入迷。译文，这位崭露头角的女演员，早年死于酗酒。答案为addiction。

4.Jackisanintelligentpupil,buthelacks_______.[答疑编号506494050315：针对该题提问]

【答案】motivation

【解析】动词lack后没有宾语。motivation,n.动力。译文，杰克是一名聪明的学生，但他缺少动力。答案为motivation。

5.Thiswasone_______ofhercharacterhehadn'tseenbefore.[答疑编号506494050316：针对该题提问]

【答案】aspect

【解析】宾语不全，缺少名词。aspect,n.方面、层面。译文，这是她以前未曾发现的性格中的一面。答案为aspect。

6.Therecordswillincludeother_______detailssuchasnationality,dateofbirthandaddress.[答疑编号506494050317：针对该题提问]

【答案】personal

【解析】名词details前缺少限定它的形容词。personal,adj.个人的、私人的。译文，这份记录将包括有关个人的其他信息，比如国籍、出生时间和地址。答案为personal。

SectionC

Directions:Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswithasuitableword.

1.Theaircraftwasflying_______anortherlydirection.[答疑编号506494050318：针对该题提问]

【答案】in

【解析】译文：飞机正在向北飞去。in…direction为固定搭配，意为向……方向。答案为in。

2.Ishudderwithfearatthe_______oftellingherthebadnews.[答疑编号506494050319：针对该题提问]

【答案】thought

【解析】译文：一想到告诉她这个坏消息，我就吓得浑身颤抖。atthethoughtof…固定搭配，一想到就……。答案为thought。

3.Ourdistinguishedguestswillarriveatnine,as_______asweknow.[答疑编号506494050320：针对该题提问]

【答案】far

【解析】译文：据我所知，贵宾将在九点到达。asfarasweknow固定搭配，据我们所了解。答案为far。

4.Someadultscan'trelate_______theirchildren.[答疑编号506494050321：针对该题提问]

【答案】to

【解析】译文：一些家长并不了解他们的孩子。relateto固定搭配，与……相关、了解。答案为to。

5.Weshouldgetdowntotheproject_______handassoonaspossible.[答疑编号506494050322：针对该题提问]

【答案】in

【解析】译文：我们应该尽快着手做正在处理中的项目。inhand固定搭配，意为在手中、在手头（随时可用）。getdownto固定搭配，开始干、着手做。答案为in。

6.Finallytheloadwasliftedby_______ofacrane.[答疑编号506494050323：针对该题提问]

【答案】means

【解析】译文：最后，我们借助起重机吊起了货物。bymeansof固定搭配，通过、凭借。答案为means。

ⅢBridgingtheGap

Directions:Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestcompletesthepassage.Youmaychooseasuitableonefromthelistgiven.trainingtoursgetuppubliccentres

travelledbecauseheardoflivedbyandLudwigvanBeethovenwasoneofthegreatestcomposersinmusicalhistory.HewasborninBonn,Germanyin1770.BothhisfatherJohann①hisgrandfatherLudwigweremusicians.[答疑编号506494050324：针对该题提问]

【答案】①and

【解析】①根据句意，他的父亲和祖父都是音乐家。both…and…意为既……又……，用子连接两个表示并列关系的名词或代词。答案为and。

Hisfathergavehimearlymusical②andhopedthattheboywouldbecomeamusicalgeniuslikeMozart.Heforcedhimto③inthemiddleofthenightandpractisethepiano.[答疑编号506494050325：针对该题提问]

【答案】②training；③getup

【解析】②缺少宾语，应填入名词形式。musicaltraining指音乐方面的训练，training是动名词。答案为training。

③forcesb.todosth.强迫某人做某事；应填入动词原形。答案为getup。

Whenhewasseven,Beethovenstartedplayingin④andattheageof13becameanassistantorganistatachapelinCologne.In1787he⑤toVienna,wherehemetMozart,butafterashortstayhehadtogobacktoBonn⑥hismotherhaddied.HereturnedtoViennain1792,wherehestayeduntilhisdeath.[答疑编号506494050326：针对该题提问]

【答案】④public；⑤travelled；⑥because

【解析】④inpublic固定搭配，当众、公开地。答案为public。

⑤缺少谓语，应填入动词。traveltoVienna指到维也纳旅行。答案为travelled。

⑥缺少表示原因的连词。可以用because引导原因状语从句。答案为because。

Viennawasoneofthegreatmusical⑦ofEuropeduringthistime.Someofthecity'supperclasscitizenshadalready⑧Beethovenandwereinterestedinhismusic.[答疑编号506494050327：针对该题提问]

【答案】⑦centres；⑧heardof

【解析】⑦宾语不全，缺少一个名词。oneofmusicalcentresofEurope指欧洲音乐中心之一。答案为centres。

⑧heardof固定搭配，听说、听说过。答案为heardof。

Theygavehimmoneytoliveandstudythere.InVienna,BeethovenalsometJosephHaydnandbecamehispupilforashorttime.TheViennesethoughtthatBeethovenwasastrangemanbecauseofhisuntidyappearance.Hehadwildblackhairand⑨hisownrules.[答疑编号506494050328：针对该题提问]

【答案】⑨livedby

【解析】⑨liveby固定搭配，靠……生活、依据……生活。livebyhisownrules指根据自己的规则生活。答案为livedby。

DuringhistimeinVienna,hebecamemoreandmorefamous,gavegreatconcertsandwenton⑩toBerlinandPrague.[答疑编号506494050329：针对该题提问]

【答案】⑩tours

【解析】⑩wenton后边加名词或动名词。tour,n.旅行。答案为tours。

【参考译文】

路德维希·凡·贝多芬是音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。他1770年出生在德国波恩，他的父亲和祖父都是音乐家。

他的父亲给他早期的音乐方面的训练并且希望他的儿子能够成为像莫扎特一样的音乐天才。父亲强迫他半夜就起床练习弹钢琴。

他7岁时就开始公开演出，13岁在科隆的礼拜堂成为一名凤琴演奏家。在1787年，他旅行去了维也纳，在那里他见到了莫扎特。但是在短暂逗留之后，他不得不返回波恩，因为他的母亲去世了。在1792年他重返维也纳并留在那里直至去世。

在那个时期，维也纳是欧洲的最伟大的音乐中心之一。一些城市的上流阶层已经得知（了解）贝多芬而且对他的音乐很感兴趣。在那些城市里，他们给贝多芬钱资助他的生活和学习。在维也纳贝多芬也见到了约瑟夫·海顿并且成为他的学生一段短暂的时间。由于他的不整洁的外貌，维也纳人认为贝多芬是个怪人。他留着乱蓬蓬的黑色长发，根据自己的规则生活。

在维也纳期间他变得越来越出名，他举行很多场音乐会并到柏林及布拉格进行巡回演出。

ⅣTranslation

SectionA

Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsorphrasesinthebrackets.

1.Thebookaimstocover________________________________（城市生活的各个方面）.（aspect）[答疑编号506494050330：针对该题提问]

【答案】everyaspectofcitylife

【解析】aspect,n.方面、层面。答案为everyaspectofcitylife。

2.Teachershave________________________________aboutthechanges（表示忧虑）.（express）[答疑编号506494050331：针对该题提问]

【答案】expressedtheirworry

【解析】express,v.表达、表示。答案为expressedtheirworry。

3.Thereis________________________________（种类繁多的图案）tochoosefrom.（avarietyof）[答疑编号506494050332：针对该题提问]

【答案】avarietyofpatterns

【解析】avarietyof+n.固定搭配，各式各样、多种多样。注意后边名词应该用复数形式。答案为avarietyofpatterns。

4.Josiehad________________________（表示愿意当向导）.（offer）[答疑编号506494050333：针对该题提问]

【答案】offertobeourguide

【解析】offer,v.提供、提议、出价。offertodo主动去做。答案为offertobeourguide。

5.Heisnow________________________________（努力戒酒）.（addiction）[答疑编号506494050334：针对该题提问]

【答案】makingeffortstoquitdrinkingaddiction

【解析】addiction,n.瘾、入迷。答案为makingeffortstoquitdrinkingaddiction。

SectionB

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.

Whenchildrengotomusicclassinschool,theyoftendonotunderstandwhyitisimportantforthemtostudythehistoryofclassicalmusic.Thetruthisthat,althoughitmaysoundvastlydifferent,classicalmusicisthebasisofallothermusic.Withoutit,wewouldnothaveallofthemanygenresofmusicthatweenjoylisteningtotoday.Classicalmusicmaynotbeasappealingtothemodernearsasothergenres,butitisimportantforeveryonetoknowitshistory.[答疑编号506494050335：针对该题提问]

【参考译文】当孩子们在学校上音乐课的时候，他们通常都不理解为什么学习古典音乐史非常重要。事实上，古典音乐是其他各种音乐的基础，尽管它听上去有很大的不同。没有古典音乐，我们就不可能听到如今可以享受的那么多种类型的音乐流派。虽然古典音乐可能不像现代音乐那么吸引人那么入耳，但是知道它的历史对于每个人都是很重要的。

ⅤOrganizingYourIdeas

Directions:Putthefollowingsentencesintheproperordersothattheymake.acompleteparagraph.

1.Forexample,hechoosesthemusicthatistobeplayedataconcertanddecideshowitshouldbeplayed-loudorsoft,fastorslow.

2.Aconductordirectsthemusicianswithastick,calledthebaton.

3.Thenhecallsthemusicianstorehearsals.

4.Hedoesimportantthingsbeforetheperformance.

5.Duringrehearsals,heoftenrequiressectionsorindividualmusiciansplaytheirpartsoverandoveragainuntilthesoundisperfect.[答疑编号506494050336：针对该题提问]

【答案】排列句子顺序：2—4—1—3—5

【解析】本段话用了拟人的手法来介绍“指挥棒”。首先，作者讲什么是指挥棒。很明显第2句应放在句首。接着，作者介绍指挥棒的作用。我们可以根据排练的先后顺序来排序。第4句和第1句，是“他”在排练前所发挥的作用；第3句和第5句讲“他”在排练中起到的作用。

ⅥReflectingontheText

Therearedifferenttypesofmusic,andpeoplehavedifferenttastesinmusic.Somepeopleenjoyclassicalmusicwhileotherslikepopmusic.What'syourfavoritetypeofmusic?Doesmusicsootheordistractyou?[答疑编号506494050337：针对该题提问]

【参考译文】

有不同种类的音乐，人们对音乐的品味也不同。一些人喜欢古典音乐，另一些人喜欢流行音乐。你喜欢什么类型的音乐？音乐使你平静还是使你分心？

【解题思路】

本作文要求写明你喜欢的音乐类型和对你的影响。下面给出了提纲。

1.写明你喜欢的音乐类型。比如，Astome,Ilikerockandrollmusicmorethanotherelse.

2.给出具体理由。比如，Themelodiesandtherhythmsofrockrollarestrongerandmorepowerful,sotheycanconveymeenergyandenthusiasmwhen.Ilistentothem.

3.概括总结音乐对自己的影响。比如，Musicislikeafriendofmine,whichmakesmylifehappierandbrighter.TextB

NewWords1、warehousen.abuildingwherelargequantitiesofgoodsarestored,especiallybeforetheyaresenttoshops/storestobesold仓库；货栈；货仓

2、brochuren.asmallmagazineorbookcontainingpicturesandinformationaboutsomethingoradvertisingsomething资料（或广告）手册

3、getawayn.ashortholiday/vacation;aplacethatissuitableforaholiday/vacation短假；假日休闲地

4、standardadj.averageornormalratherthanhavingspecialorunusualfeatures普通的；正常的；标准的

5、routinen.thenormalorderandwayinwhichyouregularlydothings常规；正常顺序

6、samplev.toexperiencesomethingforashorttimetoseewhatitislike尝试；体验

7、suitcasen.acasewithflatsidesandahandle,usedforcarryingclothes,etc.whenyouaretravelling（旅行用的）手提箱

8、packv.toputclothes,oabaginpreparationforatripawayfromhome收拾（行李）；装（箱）

9、stretchn.acontinuousperiodoftime（连续的）一段时间

10、endlessadj.continuingforalongtimeandseemingtohavenoend永久的；不断的；无休止的

11、temporaryadj.lastingorintendedtolastorbeusedonlyforashorttime;notpermanent短暂的；暂时的；临时的

12、stagingpostn.aplacewherepeople,planes,ships,etc.regularlystopduringalongjourney中途站（或机场、停靠码头）

13、somehowadv.forareasonthatyoudonotknoworunderstand由于某种未知的原因；不知为什么

14、afterwardsadv.atalatertime;afteraneventthathasalreadybeenmentioned以后；后来

15、coincidencen.thefactoftwothingshappeningatthesametimebychance,inasurprisingway（令人吃惊的）巧合，巧事

16、restorev.tobringbackasituationorfeelingthatexistedbefore恢复（某种情况或感受）

17、switchv.tochangeormakesomethingchangefromonethingtoanother（使）改变，转变，突变

18、patternn.theregularwayinwhichsomethinghappensorisdone模式；方式

19、suspendedanimationn.afeelingthatyoucannotdoanythingbecauseyouarewaitingforsomethingtohappen蛰伏状态

20、grindn.anactivitythatistiringorboringandtakesalotoftime令人疲劳（或厌倦）的工作；苦差事

21、spacen.aperiodoftime一段时间；期间

22、tendv.tobelikelytodosomethingortohappeninaparticularwaybecausethisiswhatoftenorusuallyhappens往往会；常常就

23、recreationaladj.connectedwithactivitiesthatpeopledoforenjoymentwhentheyarenotworking娱乐的；消遣的

24、relaxationn.waysofrestingandenjoyingyourself;timespentrestingandenjoyingyourself放松；休息；消遣；用于放松消遣的时间

25、naturallyadv.inawaythatyouwouldexpect顺理成章地；自然地；当然地

26、relationn.thewayinwhichtwoormorethingareconnected（事物之间的）关系，关联，联系

27、punctuatev.tointerruptsomethingatintervals不时打断

28、pinpointv.tofindandshowtheexactpositionofsomebody/somethingortheexacttimethatsomethinghappened明确指出；确定（位置或时间）

29、landmarkn.anevent,adiscovery,aninvention,etc.thatmarksanimportantstageinsomething（标志重要阶段的）里程碑

30、markern.anobjectorasignthatshowsthepositionofsomething（表示方位的）标记，记号

31、recallv.toremembersomething记起；回忆起；回想起

32、adventuren.anunusual,excitingordangerousexperience,journeyorseriesofevents冒险；冒险经历；奇遇

33、potentialadj.thatcandevelopintosomethingorbedevelopedinthefuture潜在的；可能的PhrasesandExpressions1、lookforwardtotobethinkingwithpleasureaboutsomethingthatisgoingtohappen（becauseyouexpecttoenjoyit）（高兴地）盼望，期待

2、makea,no,some,etc.differencetohaveaneffect/no/someeffectonsomebody/something有（或没有、有些等）作用，关系，影响

3、initselfconsideredseparatelyfromotherthingsinitstruenature

本身；本质上

4、overtimeastimepasses随着时间的过去TextB

Pre-readingQuestions1.Doyoulikevacations?Whatdoyoumostlikeaboutvacations?

2.Whatreasonsdoyouthinktheauthormaygiveforourneedforvacations?WhyWeNeedVacationsThere'smoretoavacationthancanbedescribedinawarehousefulloftravelbrochures.①Wecertainlyneedbreaksfromwork.Butthereisevenmoretobesaidforagetawaybreak,leavingallstandardroutinesbehindandsamplingadifferentlifeforashortwhile.

Thebenefitsoftakingavacationstartlongbeforethesuitcasesarepacked.Avacationissomethingtolookforwardtoandkeepslongstretchesofroutinefromseemingendless.Itmayonlybeatemporarystagingpostbutlookingaheadtoavacationgivesusthesensethat,whatever'shappeningatthemoment,there'sanendinsight.Wesomehowexpecttofeeldifferentlyafterwardsandareusuallyprovedright.②

It'snocoincidencethatcompaniessometimesuseaway-breakstorestoremotivationandteamrelationships.③Ifyou'reabletoswitchoffandleaveeverydaypatternsbehind,whenyoucomeback,youoftenviewoldsituationswithfresheyesandseetheminanewlight.Ifnothingelse,noticinghowyourthoughtsormoodcanchangeonvacationprovesthatit'spossibletofeeldifferently.Yettakingabreakisonlypartofthepicture.

Peopledon'tdisappearwhileonvacationorgointosuspendedanimation.We'restillthinkingandfeelingthewholetimewe'reaway.Whatreallymakesthedifferenceisnotsimplygettingawayfromtheoldgrind;it'sbeingabletodosomethingelseinstead.④Wemightspeaktopeoplewewouldn'tnormallymeet,trysportswe'dnotdootherwiseanddiscoverinterestsweneverknewwehad.

Vacationsalsoallowustofocusonthepresentinawaythat'shardtodoathome.Whenyou'reinanewenvironmentforashortspaceoftime,yourattentiontendstobeonwhat'shappeningrightnowandinthenextfewdays.⑤Sightseeingwalksandotherrecreationalactivitieskeepourmindsevenmoreinthehereandnow.Thisdoesmuchmorethanprovideafewpleasantexperiences.Being"inthemoment"isinitselfoneofthekeystorelaxation,andthishappensmorenaturallyonvacation.

Usefulastheyareinrelationtothefuture,vacationscanbeevenmoreimportantinrelationtothepast.Likemajorholidaysandthechangeofseasons,vacationspunctuatetheyearandgiveitauniquecharacter.Asksomeoneaboutacertainperiodoftimeandthey'llpinpointitbygoingbackoverlandmarkevents.Vacationsareoneofthesemarkers.Youoftenhearpeoplerecall,forexample,that"itwastheyearwewenttoDisneyland"or"rightafterwegotbackfromcamping".Familyvacationscanbesomeofclearestmemoriespeoplehavefromtheirchildhoodsandimportantpartsofafamily'ssharedhistory.⑥

Overtimeourvacationsaddcolourandqualitytoourpersonallifestories.Everyvacationisanadventurefullofpotentialdiscoveries.Perhaps,morethananythingelse,vacationsenableustoraiseoureyesfromfamiliarpathssothatwec