大学英语四级写作专题

大学英语四级写作专题辅导

大学英语四级作文评分标准一、评分原则

1．CET检查考生是否达到大学英语教学大纲规定的四级和六级教学要求，对作文的评判应以此要求为准则。

2．CET作文题采用总体评分(GlobalScoring)方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分(AwardScores)，而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。

3．从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。内容和语言是一个统一体。作文应表达题目所规定的内容，而内容要通过语言来表达。要考虑作文是否切题，是否充分表达思想，也要考虑是否用英语清楚而合适地表达思想，也就是要考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍。

4．避免趋中倾向。该给高分的给高分，包括满分；该给低分给低分，包括零分。一名阅卷人员在所评阅的全部作文卷中不应只给中间的几种分数。

5.字数不足以应酌情扣分。二、评分标准

1．本题满分为15分

2．阅卷标准共分五等：2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷一份。

3．阅卷人员根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数(如8分)相似，即定为该分数(即8分)；若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数则可加一分(即9分)或减一分(即7分)。但不得加或减半分。

分数档4．评分标准

2分

(33)—条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。

5分

(39)—基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。

8分

(45)—基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。

11分(57)—切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。

14分(67)—切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。

[注：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分。]

CET4写作评分标准高分作文基本要求：思想表达正确，语义连贯，无重大语言错误高分要求：★句型的多样性★经典词组短语的运用★亮点词汇写作题型议论文1.主题型（topic）①健康对人类的幸福必不可少；②如何保持健康；③结论2.观点对比型（A&B）①有人认为，英语对中国经济发展很重要；②另有人认为，英语对中国经济发展没有意义；③我的观点说明文①很多人不注重日常卫生习惯；②不注意卫生习惯的后果；③如何解决这一问题写作题型描写文（图表作文）①描写图表内容（现象）；②分析现象的原因；③观点或解决办法应用文（包括书信、便条、通知、海报等）①主题；②相关细节；重申主题写作原则内容简单化（“简单”是指适合在30分钟内表达）结构模式化（主题句-分论点-总结）语言要包装错误要回避写作技巧宏观结构◎三段式⑴开头要开门见山，写出主旨句；⑵段落内部结构：主题句+扩展句（+结尾句）微观结构◎学会遣词造句⑴词汇★准确使用词汇，在此基础上尽量使用高级词汇★多使用词组、短语★恰当运用过渡词汇★避免多次重复使用同一词汇，可以用同义词或同根词替代⑵句型★注意变化句式★简单句复合句交叉使用★适当使用插入语，倒装句等◎恰当使用修辞建议平时多注意收集有用词汇句式注意模仿题目：Bicycles—AnImportantMeansofTransportinChina提纲：（1）为什么自行车在中国这样普及

（2）和汽车的比较（3）自行车在中国的前途模板的提炼过程：思路和表达BicyclesareverypopularinChina.Almosteveryfamilyinthecityhastwoorthreebicycles.Duringtherushhour,youcanseethatthousandsofpeople---manandwoman,oldandyoung---ridetheirbicyclestoworkandstudy.ThatiswhyChinaiscalled“thekingdomofbicycles”.单复数错误：manandwoman→menandwomen词性错误：oldandyoung→theoldandtheyoung专有名词：第一个和最后一个单词首字母大写，其他：实词（名动形副代数）首字母大写；虚词（介连冠）首字母不大写。2006.12Direction:

１．许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节晚会

２．但有些人提出取消春节晚会．

３．我的看法．

句式提炼：BicyclesareverypopularinChina.词性转化：popular→popularityInChina,bicycles

havegainedwide/greatpopularityamongChinesepeople.2011-06现在网上购物已经成为一种时尚Intherecentdecade,onlineshoppinghasgainedwidepopularityamongyoungsters.2010-06如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视单词拼写InChina,Englishlearninghasgainedwidepopularityamongstudents.However,…2009-12建设绿色校园很重要Inthecontemporarysociety,theconceptofgreencampuseshasgainedwidepopularityamonguniversitiesorcolleges.2009-06越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？Inthepresent-daysociety,freeadmissiontomuseumsisenjoyingwidepopularityamongChinesecitizens.2008-12一次性塑料袋曾经广泛的使用Duringthepastdecades,disposableplasticbagsgainedwidepopularityamongpeopleintheworld.

2008-06娱乐活动多种多样Inthisdayandage,avarietyofrecreationalactivitieshavegainedwidepopularityamongindividuals.

BicyclesareverypopularinChina.→??Inmyeyes,youarethemostbeautiful.Inmyeyes,nooneismorebeautifulthanyou.高分句式结构：No___is/aremore___than___.BicyclesareverypopularinChina.→InChina,nomeansoftransportismorepopularandimportantthanbicycles.我能想到最浪漫的事就是和你一起慢慢变老。？？高分句式：双重否定句型：否定词(no/not/never/nothing…)+有否定意义或否定前缀或否定后缀的名词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词等Nothinggreatwaseverachievedwithoutenthusiasm.—RalphWaldoEmersonNothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.—HeywoodNomanisuselessinthisworldwholightenstheburdenofsomeoneelse.—CharlesDickensTheword“impossible”isnotinmydictionary.—BonaparteNapoleon2011.12Directions:You'reallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonthehumoroussaying,"Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I'vedoneithundredsoftime.”You'dwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.Outlines:1.坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。2.意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命。3.学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，终究不会成为有用之才。意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命。→Peoplecannot

accomplishgreatmissionswithout

astrongwill.→Noonecan

undertakeagreatmissionwithoutastrongwill.→Nomanisunlikelytohavebrilliantachievementswithanironwill.→Hewillnotsucceedwhowillnotpersevere.被动表达→No

greatmissioncanbeaccomplished

without

astrongwill.→Nosuccesscannotbeachievedwithanironwill.NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWill

Nogreatworkcanbeperformedwithoutwill.Weenvyfamousmenandimaginethatfamewasduetosomestrokeofluck.Butwhenweknowtheirhistories,wefindthatitislongyearsofwillandconstanteffortthathavebroughtabouttheirsuccess.Justaswecan'treachthetopofamountainwithoutclimbing,wecan'tachievesuccesswithoutwill.

Themodernsocietyprovidespeoplewithmoreopportunitiesthanbefore,andtherearestorieswhichtellusthepossibilityofbecomingsuccessfulovernight.Actuallythatisnotthecase.Beforethesepeoplebecomesuccessful,alotofhardworkhasbeendone,unnoticedmostly.Whatweusuallyseeistheresult,butwhatweignoreisalongprocessofstrugglingforwardandwrestlingwithinternalorexternalobstacles.Take"quittingsmoking"forexample,whichis,tomostpeople,adifficulttask,sopeoplealwaysgiveuptheideafortheydon'thavethestrongwill.

Inanutshell,strongwillisanimportantconditionorroleofthesuccesstheindividualshoulddesiretomaintainforever.Thereisnoinstantsuccessinthisworld.Strongwillisthebestpolicytomakeyourlifedistinctandyourdreamscometrue.

高分句式：排比句式Icame;Isaw;Iconquered.—JuliusCaesarGovernmentofthepeople,bythepeopleandforthepeople,shallnotperishfromtheearth.—AbrahamLincolnStudiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.—FrancisBacon

Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.—FrancisBacon排比句式Itcannotbedeniedthattechnologydoeshelpusalot.Internetprovidesuswitheasyaccesstovariousaspectsofknowledgeandinformation;mobilephonesmakeitmoreconvenientforustocommunicatewithoneanother;agrowingnumberofman-madesatelliteshavebeenlaunchedtoprobeintothesecretsoftheuniverse.Withouttechnology,theworldwouldstopdeveloping.Thatiswhyweshouldbeproudofadvancedscienceandtechnologyinthecontemporaryage.2009.12Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofCreatingaGreenCampus.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.建设绿色校园很重要

2.绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境......3.为了建设绿色校园，我们应该......1.建设绿色校园很重要Theconceptof“GreenLife”hasgainedwidepopularityamongChinesecitizens.Almosteveryuniversityhas

beenawareoftheimportanceofbuildingagreencampus.Withoutgreenenvironmentitisimpossibleforcollegestudentstohaveanenjoyable/agreeablelifeintheIvoryTower.Furthermore,agreencampusisofbenefittobroaden/consolidatestudents’awarenessofenvironmentalprotection.CreatingaGreenCampus3.为了建设绿色校园，我们应该…Accordingly,itisimperative/urgentforustotakemeasurestomaintaingreencampuses.Foronething,itisessentialthatregulationsshouldbeworkedouttobanthesenegativebehaviors.Foranother,weshouldeducate,advocateandencourageourclassmates,friendsandacquaintancestorefusealluncivilizedacts.Ifwedoourutmosttodoso,thefutureofourcollegelifewillbehopeful,promisingandrosy.友情提醒：高分句式灵活运用NowadaysEnglishlearningisverypopularinChina.→Inrecentdecades,Englishlearninghasgained/isenjoyingwidepopularityamongChinesestudents.NowadaysEnglishlearningismoreandmorepopularinChina.→Inrecentdecades,Englishlearninghasgained/isenjoyinggrowingpopularityamongChinesestudents.→Inrecentdecades,EnglishlearninghasfounditsgrowingpopularityamongChinesestudents.首段首尾句句式选择（呼应式写法）1)___has/havegained(is/areenjoying)widepopularityamong___.2)___has/havefoundits/theirwayamong___.3)①Ithasbecomeaprevalenttrendfor___to___.②Ithasbecomeaprevalenttrendthat___.4)①Thereisagrowingtrendof___.②Thereisagrowingtrendthat___.

注：首句前加上适当的时间状语2011-06现在网上购物已经成为一种时尚Inthecontemporarysociety,onlineshoppinghasgainedwidepopularitythroughouttheworld.Forthesakeofconvenience,agrowingnumberofpeoplemakepurchasesonavarietyofshoppingwebsiteseveryday.Ithasbecomeaprevalenttrendforyoungsterstoshoponline.Inthecontemporarysociety,ithasbecomeaprevalenttrendforyoungsterstoshoponline.Forthesakeofconvenience,agrowingnumberofpeoplemakepurchasesonavarietyofshoppingwebsiteseveryday.Onlineshoppinghasgainedwidepopularitythroughouttheworld.Inthecontemporarysociety,thereisagrowingtideofyoungstersshoppingonline.Forthesakeofconvenience,agrowingnumberofpeoplemakepurchasesonavarietyofshoppingwebsiteseveryday.Onlineshoppinghasgainedwidepopularitythroughouttheworld.2009-12建设绿色校园很重要Inthepresent-daysociety,theconceptof“GreenCampus”isenjoyingwidepopularityamonguniversities.WithoutgreenenvironmentitisimpossibleforcollegestudentstohaveanenjoyableandagreeablelifeintheIvoryTower.

Thusithasbecomeaprevalenttrendforuniversitiestocreategreencampuses.2010-06如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视单词拼写Inrecentdecades,Englishlearninghasgainedwidepopularityamongstudents.Thereisagrowingtrend/tideoflearningEnglishinChina.However,…题目：MyViewonDoubleBADegree提纲：

1.现在大学生读双学位的现象很常见

2.对此，人们看法不一

3.我对这一现象的看法练笔MyviewonDoubleBADegreeInthecontemporarysociety,thesystemofdoublebachelor’sdegreehasgainedwidepopularityamonguniversitiesorcolleges.Onmanycampusesithasbecomeaprevalenttrendforstudentstohavetwomajorsatthesametime.Tothisphenomenon,differentstudentstakedivergentattitudes.Somestronglyapproveofitinthatadoublebachelor’sdegreecanbroadentheirvision,thus

puttingtheminamorefavorablepositioninthejob-seekingmarket.Onthecontrary,thosewhostandfirmlyopposedtoitalsohavecogentreasons.Foronething,twomajorsmakeitdifficultforthemtofocusononeparticularfield;foranother,theycanexpandtheirscopeofknowledgebyreadingextensivelyratherthanpursuingadoublebachelor’sdegree.Personally,Iamslightlynegativeaboutdoublebachelor’sdegree.Inthisdayandage,themoreskilledweareinonespecificrealm,thebetterwecanmeetthesociety’sneeds.

Accordingly,itisadvisablethatweshouldmakethemostofourcollegelifetoacquiremorespecializedknowledgeandskillstosetthestageforourfuture.

观点对比型模板提炼Tothisphenomenon/issue,different___takedivergentattitudes.Somestrongly/firmly/constantlyapproveof/advocateitinthat/as___.Onthecontrary/Bycontrast,thosewhoare/keep/standstrongly/firmly/constantlyopposedtoitcogently/convincinglycontendthat___.Tothisphenomenon/issue,different___takedivergentattitudes.Somewhostrongly/firmly/constantlyapproveof/advocateitarecogentlyconvincedthat___.Onthecontrary/Bycontrast,thosewhoare/keep/standstrongly/firmly/constantlyopposedtoitcontendthat___.Tothisphenomenon/issue,different___takedivergentattitudes.Somestrongly/firmly/constantlyapproveof/advocateit.Theyholdtheviewthat___.Moreover/Furthermore,___.Inaddition,___.Onthecontrary/Bycontrast,thosewhoare/keep/standstrongly/firmly/constantlyopposedtoitalsohavecogent/soundreasons.Foronething,___;foranother,___.(时间状语),___has/havegained(is/areenjoying)widepopularityamong___.Ithasbecomeaprevalenttrendfor___to___.Some___strongly/firmly/constantlyapproveof/advocate___inthat/as_____.(Some___strongly/firmly/constantly