Part 2(1)英语教材课件

Part2ListeningandTalking—VideoTime自主预习·课前清障基础识记阅读单词1.chain

n.

2.café n.

3.waitress n.

4.pregnant adj.

5.maple n.

一连串(人或事);链子;链条咖啡馆;小餐馆(餐馆的)女服务员;女侍者怀孕的;妊娠的枫树;槭树6.cart n.

7.limp vi.

8.fable n.

9.court n.

手推车;运货马车跛行;一瘸一拐地走寓言;寓言故事(网球等的)球场;法院;法庭核心单词1.

vt.装扮;假扮;掩盖

n.伪装;化装用具2.

vt.&vi.(使)洒出;(使)溢出3.

n.眼泪;泪水4.

n.绝望

vi.绝望;感到无望disguisespillteardespair5.

n.力量;威力6.

n.收入;收益7.

prep.每;每一8.

adv.因此;所以mightincomepertherefore运用词汇1.harmn.&vt.伤害;损害→

adj.有害的→

adj.无害的;无恶意的2.flexibleadj.灵活的;可变通的→

n.灵活性;弹性→

adv.灵活地;易曲地3.tensionn.紧张关系;紧张;焦虑→

vt.(使肌肉)拉紧;绷紧adj.担心的;紧张的harmfulharmlessflexibilityflexiblytense重点词块1.

从前2.

在……中间3.

撞到……4.

(跌倒后)爬起来5.

被……绊倒onceuponatime重点词块及句型inthemiddleofcrashinto...pickoneselfuptripover6.

一瘸一拐地走了7.

流着泪;含着泪8.

思考做某事9.

抱怨……10.

尝试做某事11.

处于绝望中12.

自言自语limpawayintearsthinkaboutdoingsthcomplainabout...makeanattempttodosthindespairsaytooneself13.

竭尽全力地;全力以赴地14.

大量;许多的

15.

成功做某事16.

属于withallone’smightagreatdeal(of)succeedindoingsthbelongto重点句型1.他撞到石头上,把牛奶洒得到处都是。Hecrashedintothestone,

.2.过了一会儿,一群妇女走了过来,每个人头上都顶着一罐水。Afterawhile,agroupofwomencamealong,

.3.无论是她自己,还是她的同伴,都没有想到把石头从路中间挪开。

thoughtaboutmovingthestoneoutoftheroad.spillingthemilkeverywhereeachbalancingapotofwateronherheadNeithershenorherfriends学习理解·语篇解构语篇导读·先行把握1.主题语境:人与社会——分享一个有关道德的寓言故事2.语篇类型:寓言故事3.课文内容分析:文章主要分享了一个有关道德的寓言故事——《挡道的石头》,讲述了国王为了试探民众面对问题的态度,将一块大石头放在路中央,并将金币藏在石头下方,然后观察人们的反应。虽然很多人对石头带来的麻烦甚至是个人损失有诸多抱怨,但都不愿意自己把石头搬走。最后一位善良诚实的年轻女孩挪开了石头,获得了国王的金币和赞扬。阅读后学生要思考文中的“石头”象征着什么?挪石头的女孩与其他人有什么不同?作为个人,面对社会问题应承担怎样的责任?本文有利于培养学生高尚的社会品德和责任心。多维解读·深度剖析TimeCharactersOriginResultThelesson精研细读·深层理解()1.Whatwastheking’soriginalconcernabouthisnation?A.Thepeoplewerelazy. B.Thepeopleweregreedy.C.Thepeoplewereirresponsible. D.Thepeoplewereungrateful.C()2.Whydidthekingplaceastoneinthemiddleofthestreetandhidegoldcoinsunderit?A.Becausehewantedtoseeifanyonewouldcomplain.B.Becausehewantedtoseeifanyonewouldmoveit.C.Becausehewantedtoseeifanyonewouldstealthegold.D.Becausehewantedtoseeifanyonewouldclaimthegold.B()3.Whydidn’tthegroupofwomenmovethestone?A.Becausetheyweretoobusytobother.B.Becausetheythoughtitwasatrap.C.Becausetheydidn’twanttoberesponsible.D.Becausetheydidn’tnoticethestone.C()4.Whatcanweinferfromthefable?A.Thekingregrettedwhathehaddone.B.Thegirlandthekingfoundtheownerofthecoins.C.Thegirlwasn’tsurprisedatthecoins.D.Thekingachievedhisgoalatlast.D()5.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthegirl’sactions?A.Hardworkisalwaysrewarded.B.Takingresponsibilitycanleadtounexpectedrewards.C.Helpingothersismoreimportantthanhelpingoneself.D.Goldcoinsarehiddeninthemostunlikelyplaces.B核心知识·深入探究重点词汇1.Hepickedhimselfupandangrilywentaway.他从地上爬起来,气呼呼地走了。◆pickoneselfup(跌倒后)爬起来,站起来;振作起来Hejustpickedhimselfupandwentonrunning.他爬起来继续跑。(2023·浙江1月卷)SheceasedherstruggletheinstantIpickedherup.我一把她救出来,她就停止了挣扎。Woulditbeconvenientforyoutopickmeupatfouro’clockthisafternoon?你方便今天下午四点来接我吗?HepickedupFrenchwhenhewasinFrance.他在法国时学会了法语。归纳拓展pickup捡起;(开车)接人;学会;接收;好转;(从海里或危险处)营救,捞救pickout挑选出;辨认出;找出pickandchoose挑拣;精挑细选语境运用用带有pick的相关短语填空①Thelittlegirlbentforwardto

thenewspaper.

②Aftertheoperation,hishealthisbeginningto

.

③Iwanttoseeifyoucan

mysoninthisphoto.

④Alltheapplesaregoodandthereisnoneedto

.

pickuppickuppickoutpickandchoose2.Shepickedherselfupandlimpedawayintears.她从地上爬起来,噙着泪一瘸一拐地走了。◆tearn.眼泪,泪水

vt.撕掉;扯下;扯破(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Hearingmywords,Davidturnedtometremblinglywithtearsspillingoutofhiseyesandexpressedhehadmadeafirmdeterminationtofinishthecross-countryrun.大卫听了我的话,颤抖地转过身来,眼泪夺眶而出,他说他已经下定决心要完成越野赛跑。Irantomyroom,intears,andlockedthedoorbehindme.我泪流满面地跑回自己的房间,把房门锁起来。Heburstintotearswhenheknewthathiscolleaguehadsufferedalot.当他知道他的同事受了很多苦时,他突然哭了起来。归纳拓展·teardown拆毁;拆除tearapart撕毁;撕碎·intears流着泪;含着泪burstintotears(相当于burstoutcrying)突然大哭起来befilledwithtears(眼里)充满泪水reducesbtotears使某人流泪movesbtotears把某人感动到流泪holdbackone’stears忍住泪水tearsofjoy喜悦的泪水温馨提示其他常用复数形式的名词如下所示。earnings薪水、belongings所有物、surroundings环境、findings研究结果、savings积蓄、congratulations祝贺、goods货物、woods树林、ruins废墟、instructions指示、说明等。语境运用(1)句子语法填空①WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitforwhateverhisfamilymightneed,heburst

tears.

②Hearingthedisappointingnews,heranaway

tears.

intoin(2)完成句子③所有在场听了她的悲伤故事的人无不感动得流泪。Allthosepresenttolistentohersadstory

.

④看着这个绝望的女人,我忍不住掉下了眼泪。眼里噙满泪水,我拥抱她,尽力安慰她。她把头靠在我的肩膀上,大哭起来,哭诉着自己的不幸遭遇。(读后续写·肢体动作描写)Seeingthewomanindespair,Icouldnot

.Withmyeyes

,Itriedtocomfortherbyhuggingher.Sherestedherheadonmyshoulderand

,sobbingoutherunfortunateexperience.

weremovedtotearsholdbackmytearsfilledwithtearsburstintotears3.Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsanyresponsibilitytokeeptheirneighboursfromharm?难道整个村子都没有一个人觉得自己有责任让邻居免遭不测吗?◆harmn.&vt.伤害;损害harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.无害的;无恶意的Whilethesun’srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.虽然太阳的光线会使我们的皮肤衰老并受到伤害,但太阳的光线也能给我们提供有益的维生素D。Thepollutedwaterdoesharmtopeopleaswellasotherlivingthings.受污染的水不仅对人类有害,也对其他生物有害。Fruitjuicecanbeharmfultochildren’steeth.果汁会损害儿童的牙齿。[备用例句]①Keepawayfromsuchthingsthatyouthinkwilldoyouharm.远离你认为会对你有害的事情。②Thereisnoharminsayingsorrytoherfirst.=Itdoesnoharmtosaysorrytoherfirst.对她先说对不起无害处。归纳拓展·doharmtosb/sth=dosb/sthharm对某人/某物有害Thereisnoharm(in)doingsth做某事无害处·beharmfulto...对……有害语境运用(1)句子语法填空①SpendingtoomuchtimeontheInternetis

(harm)toyourhealth.

②Loudmusiccandoharm

ourears,sowhenlisteningtoaplayer,weshouldn’tturnituptoohigh.

③Petermaylookabitfierce,butactuallyhe’sfairly

(harm).

harmfultoharmless(2)一句多译最近这段日子,违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见,这对生活和环境造成了严重的危害。(应用文写作·投稿)④Thesedays,breakingtrafficrulesandlitteringarecommon,

lifeandtheenvironment.(使用并列句)

⑤Thesedays,breakingtrafficrulesandlitteringarecommon,

lifeandtheenvironment.(使用非谓语动词)

⑥Thesedays,breakingtrafficrulesandlitteringarecommon,

lifeandtheenvironment.(使用定语从句)

andthat/itdoesseriousharmtodoingseriousharmtowhichdoesseriousharmto语境串词Thereisnoharmingivingupeatingjunkfoodforitcandoharmtoyourhealth.Instead,youcaneatmorefruitandvegetablesandtheyareharmless.不吃垃圾食品没有坏处,因为垃圾食品会损害你的健康。相反,你可以多吃水果和蔬菜,它们是无害的。4.Afteragreatdealofeffort,shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreet.费了好大一番功夫,她终于成功地把石头推到了路边。◆agreatdeal(of)大量;许多的Whatsurprisesusmostisthatpeoplehavedoneagreatdealtopreservethewetlands.最令我们惊讶的是,人们为保护湿地做了很多努力。Agreatdealhasbeenstudiedandhiswayisconsideredtobethebestone.经过大量的研究,他的方法被认为是最好的。归纳拓展·agreat/gooddealof意为“大量;许多的”,只能修饰不可数名词。·agreat/gooddeal用作副词短语时,可修饰形容词、副词比较级来加强程度,也可以修饰动词作状语。·agreatdeal用作名词短语时,意为“大量;许多”,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语时谓语动词用单数。温馨提示在表达“许多;大量”时,修饰不可数名词常用agreat/gooddealof、much、alargeamountof/largeamountsof等;修饰可数名词常用many、quiteafew、anumberof、agreat/goodmany等;既修饰可数名词又修饰不可数名词常用alotof/lotsof、plentyof、alargequantityof/largequantitiesof等。语境运用(1)句子语法填空①Sofar,agreatdealofinformation

(gather)onthevalueoftheproject.

②Largequantitiesoftrees

(plant)toprotecttheenvironmentrecently.

hasbeengatheredhavebeenplanted(2)语境选词填空(agreatdeal/agreatdealof)③WhenIfeltdepressed,myfriendTomgaveme

encouragement.

④Thenursedid

tokeepmywoundclean.

⑤Hisnewnovelis

moreinterestingthanIexpected.

agreatdealofagreatdealagreatdeal重点句式1.Afterawhile,agroupofwomencamealong,eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead.过了一会儿,一群妇女走了过来,每个人头上都顶着一罐水。◆独立主格结构本句是一个简单句,句中eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead为独立主格结构。Alotofpeoplestarttravellingaround,theirfootprintscoveringalmosteverycorneroftheworld.很多人开始到处旅行,他们的足迹几乎遍及世界的各个角落。Manythingssolved,themanagerlookedmuchrelaxed.许多事情已经解决,经理看上去轻松了很多。[备用例句]①Hewalkedintotheclassroom,hisheadlowered.低着头,他走进了教室。②Weatherpermitting,wewillgoonanoutingtothebeachtomorrow.如果天气允许的话,我们将在明天组织一次海滨旅游。归纳拓展温馨提示独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词等构成的一种独立结构,用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的成分构成逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系。独立主格结构可置于主句前、主句后或主句中,常由逗号将其与主句分开,在句中作状语,相当于一个状语从句。语境运用(1)把下列句子改为独立主格结构①Theguideledthewayandwehadnotroublegettingoutoftheforest.→

,wehadnotroublegettingoutoftheforest.

②Asanimportantlecturewillbegiventomorrow,theheadmasterhastostayuplateintothenight.→

,theheadmasterhastostayuplateintothenight.

③Therewasnooneelsetoturnto,soIhadtocometoseeyou.→

,Ihadtocometoseeyou.

TheguideleadingthewayAnimportantlecturetobegiventomorrowTherebeingnooneelsetoturnto(2)完成句子④听到他们的计划,伯纳德高兴地跳了起来,感激的泪水夺眶而出。(读后续写·情感描写)Hearingtheirplan,Bernardjumpedforjoy,

.

⑤她把头靠在丈夫的肩膀上,脸上洋溢着幸福的笑容。(读后续写·情感描写)Sherestedherheadonherhusband’sshoulder,

.

tearsofgratitudewellingupinhiseyesasmileofhappinessspreadingacrossherface2.Neithershenorherfriendsthoughtaboutmovingthestoneoutoftheroad.无论是她自己,还是她的同伴,都没有想到把石头从路中间挪开。◆“neither...nor...”句型Neithershenorherparentshavetakenpartinthepartyyesterday.她和她的父母都没参加昨天的晚会。Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherhasarrivedontimeduetotheheavyrain.由于大雨,学生们和老师都没有准时到达。归纳拓展·“neither...nor...”表示“既不……,也不……”,用来连接两个并列成分;如果连接两个并列主语,谓语动词采取“就近一致”原则。·“neither...nor...”连接两个句子且置于句首时,前后两句都要用部分倒装语序。温馨提示遵循“就近一致”原则的结构还有either...or...要么……,要么……;notonly...butalso...不仅……,而且……;...or...……或者……;not...but...不是……,而是……。语境运用完成句子①有些时候,我们要么享受生活,要么暂时忘记工作。Thereareoccasionsthateitherallowustoenjoylife

foralittlewhile.

②在我看来,这种方法既不灵活也不高效。Inmyopinion,thiskindofmethodis

.

orallowustoforgetaboutourworkneitherflexiblenorefficient③学生们和老师都不知道她行为如此奇怪的原因。Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher

whysheisbehavingsostrangely.

④不仅露西而且她的朋友们都要参加划船比赛。NotonlyLucybutalsoherfriends

theboatrace.

knowsthereasonaregoingtotakepartin长难句分析Nowthegoldisyours,①becauseyouaretheonlyperson②whohaslearntthelesson③Iwantedtoteachmypeople.现在,金币归你了,因为我想教给我的子民的道理,只有你学会了。分析:这是一个主从复合句,句①是because引导的原因状语从句,句②是who引导的定语从句,修饰先行词theonlyperson,句③是定语从句,修饰先行词thelesson。

情境写作①现在这个奖归你了,因为你是唯一一个完成我命制的所有题目的学生。

语境运用Nowtheprizeisyours,becauseyouaretheonlystudentwhohascompletedalltheexercisesthatIcreated.②他被选为班长,因为他就是那个乐意帮助处于困境中的同学们的人。

Hehasbeenmademonitor,becauseheistheverypersonwhoiswillingtohelpthestudentsthatareintrouble.进阶提升·写作微练人物肢体动作描写(头、眼、手臂等)常用词汇一、课文词汇1.watch观察2.intears流着泪;含着泪3.withallone’smight竭尽全力地;全力以赴地4.see看到二、补充词汇5.blink眨眼6.stareat...盯着7.shakeone’shead摇头8.raiseone’shead抬起头9.lookoverone’sshoulderat...转过头来看10.bury/put/holdone’sheadinhands双手抱头11.hang/drop/lower/bend/bowone’sheadinshame羞愧地低下了头常用句型一、课本原句1.Thenhehidbehindahugemapletreeandwatched.然后,他就躲在一棵大枫树后观察。2.Shepickedherselfupandlimpedawayintears.她从地上爬起来,噙着泪一瘸一拐地走了。3.Thegirlpushedthestonewithallhermight.女孩使出了全身力气去推石头。二、其他表达4.Thenhereyeslitupwithexcitement.随后她的眼睛因为兴奋亮了起来。5.Annanarrowedhereyes,wonderingthepossiblestorybehindtheshoes.安娜眯起了眼睛,想知道鞋子的背后有着什么样的故事。6.Heturnedhiseyestothedoorwhenheheardthehandleturning.听到门把手转动的声音时,他向门那边看去。7.Heshookhisheadindisbelief.他怀疑地摇摇头。8.Heburied/put/heldhisheadinhands,greatlyannoyed.他双手抱头,非常生气。9.Heputhisarmsaroundhisfather,cryingbitterly.他搂住父亲,伤心地哭了。微写作训练1.玛丽盯着树下的礼物,问妈妈是否她可以得到一个。遭到拒绝后,她眨了眨眼,泪如雨下。妈妈把她搂在怀里,感到十分内疚。

Staringatthegiftsunderthetree,Maryaskedhermotherifshecouldhaveone.Metwithrefusal,sheblinkedandtearsfelllikeraindrops.Hermotherputherarmsaroundher,feelingveryguilty.2.看到名单上没有他的名字,他双手抱头,感到非常失望。正在那时,他的同桌走过来,拍了拍他的肩膀,鼓励他继续尝试。

Notseeinghisnameonthelist,hefeltverydisappointed,buryinghisheadinhands.Atthatmoment,hisdeskmatecameoverandpattedhimontheshoulder,encouraginghimtogoontrying.写作专项指导文本解读1.文体类型:寓言故事评论,属于议论文范畴,常使用拟人、比喻、象征等修辞手法,以借喻的方式来揭示有教育意义的主题或深刻的道理。Writeareviewofamoralfable2.要点内容:(1)一位国王为了试探民众的社会责任感,把石头放在路中央,并把金币藏在石头下方;(2)人们对石头的不同态度;(3)一个善良诚实的年轻女孩挪开了石头,获得了金币和国王的赞扬。思路指引实用表达1.寓言故事评论首段常用句式。Thestoryisabout...Theauthorwritesabout...Thisfabledescribes...2.寓言故事评论中段常用句式。Theauthorisusingthestoryto...Theauthorhasdoneagoodjobin...Theauthortriesto...but...Oneexampleofthisfromreallifeis...3.寓言故事评论尾段常用句式。Ilikethestorybecause...Whatimpressesmemostisthat...I’mnotsurewhether...but...Iwouldlovetosharethestorywith...佳作建构你最近又读了中国古代寓言故事《守株待兔》(WaitingforGainswithoutPains),从中学到了很多生活哲理,你打算用英语写一篇短文把这则寓言故事分享给你的外国朋友,希望他们能对中国文化有更多的了解,同时能从中学到一些人生的道理。要点包括:1.对故事的简要介绍;2.你从中悟出的人生哲理;3.你的希望。注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

IreadthefabletitledWaitingforGainswithoutPainsagainrecently.

审题谋篇Ⅰ.对接单元词汇1.

adj.道德的;道义上的

n.品行;道德;寓意

2.

vt.(举例)说明;阐明;给(书或文章)加插图

3.

adj.珍稀的;宝贵的

4.

vi.&vt.抱怨;发牢骚;投诉

5.

adj.遥远的

6.

n.道德原则;法则;原则

7.

adj.害怕的;对……感到惊慌或恐惧的

moralillustratepreciouscomplainfarawayprinciplescared8.

n.事故;车祸;失事

9.

n.寓言;寓言故事

10.

处于绝望中

11.

大量

accidentfableindespairagreatdeal(of)agreatdeal(of)Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法1.这则寓言讲述了古代一个遥远乡村的农夫。Thisfabledescribesafarmer

inancienttimes.

2.他正在地里干活,突然发生了一件意外的事:一只受惊的野兔从他身边跑过,撞在树上,绝望地死去了。Hewasworkinginhisfieldwhen

happened:

ranpasthim,crashedintothetreeand

.

inafarawayvillageanaccidentascaredharediedindespair3.他得以吃到了美味的野兔肉。从那时起,他就只等着另一只野兔撞在树上。He

deliciousmeatofthehare.Fromthenon,hejust

anotheronetocrashagainstthetree.

4.然而,没有更多的野兔出现,这使他抱怨了很多。However,nomoreharesturnedup,whichcausedhimto

.

wasabletoeatwaitedforcomplainagreatdeal5.日子一天天过去,到了收获的季节,但他却没有任何庄稼可以收割。Dayspassingby,

buthehadnocropstogatheratall.

6.这个寓言故事生动地说明了一个普遍的原则。Themoralstory

.

7.成功没有捷径,我们不能依靠运气来得到我们想要的。Thereisnoshortcuttosuccessandwecan’trelyonluck

.

itwastimeforharvestillustratesvividlyauniversalprincipletogetwhatwewant8.相反,辛勤劳动是最珍贵的。Instead,workinghardis

.

9.我希望每个人都能发现这个故事既有趣又鼓舞人心。Ihopeeveryonecanfindthestory

.

themostpreciousinterestingandinspiring1.用定语从句将句1和句2改写为一个复合句。

Thisfabledescribesafarmerinafarawayvillageinancienttimes,whowasworkinginhisfieldwhenanaccidenthappened:ascaredhareranpasthim,crashedintothetreeanddiedindespair.亮点提升2.用非谓语改写句4。

However,nomoreharesturnedup,causinghimtocomplainagreatdeal.4.用强调句型改写句8。

Instead,itisworkinghardthatisthemostprecious.3.用同位语从句合并句6和句7。

Themoralstoryillustratesvividlyauniversalprinciplethatthereisnoshortcuttosuccessandwecan’trelyonlucktogetwhatwewant.

IreadthefabletitledWaitingforGainswithoutPainsagainrecently.

Thisfabledescribesafarmerinafarawayvillageinancienttimes,whowasworkinginhisfieldwhenanaccidenthappened:ascaredhareranpasthim,crashedintothetreeanddiedindespair.Hewasabletoeatdeliciousmeatofthehare.Fromthenon,hejustwaitedforanotheronetocrashagainstthetree.However,nomoreharesturnedup,causinghimtocomplainagreatdeal.Dayspassingby,itwastimeforharvestbuthehadnocropstogatheratall.范文展示Themoralstoryillustratesvividlyauniversalprinciplethatthereisnoshortcuttosuccessandwecan’trelyonlucktogetwhatwewant.Instead,itisworkinghardthatisthemostprecious.Ihopeeveryonecanfindthestoryinterestingandinspiring.写作练习假设你是李华,学校英文网站开设了“Yourwords”专栏,收集学生对寓言故事的读后感。请根据你所熟知的一则寓言故事写一篇英文读后感进行投稿。内容包括:1.该故事的寓意;2.怎样做一个诚实的学生(举例说明);3.你的看法(诚实的重要性)。注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头已给出,不计入总词数。

Almostallofusheardthestory“HereComestheWolf”whenwewerelittlekids.

写作指导

Onepossibleversion:

Almostallofusheardthestory“HereComestheWolf”whenwewerelittlekids.Repeatedliesmadethevillagersnolongerbelievetheboy.Sowhenthewolfreallycame,noonehelpedhim,resultinginthedeathofallhissheep.Thisistheresultoftheboy’sowndishonesty,whichalsomakesmeunderstandtheimportanceofhonesty.

Howcanwebehoneststudents?Personallyspeaking,wemustcompleteourhomeworkcarefully,insteadofcopyingother’sanswers.Inaddition,wheneverwemakeamistake,admititandapologisetoothers.Inshort,integrityisthefoundationofbeingagreatperson.Onlywhenwepossessitcanwetrulyliveahappylife.重点知识回顾Ⅰ.重点讲义回顾1.complainvi.&vt.抱怨;发牢骚;投诉n.投诉;抱怨;控告

①向某人抱怨/投诉(某事)

②对……进行抱怨/投诉

③我们应该严格遵守交通规则,而不是抱怨交通堵塞。(应用文写作·演讲稿)

complaintcomplaintosb(about/ofsth)makeacomplaintabout...Weshouldstrictlyfollowtrafficrulesratherthancomplainabout/oftrafficjams.2.appointvt.任命;委派n.约会;约定;任命

adj.约定的;指定的

①任命某人为……

②委派某人做某事

③与某人预约/约会

④在约定的时间

⑤非常遗憾,这个周末我不能如约和你出去了。(应用文写作·致歉信)

appointmentappointedappointsbas/tobe...appointsbtodosthmake/haveanappointmentwithsbattheappointedtimeIt’sagreatpitythatIcan’tkeeptheappointmenttogooutwithyouthisweekend.3.tendvt.照顾;照料vi.倾向;趋于n.趋势;趋向

①易于做某事;往往会发生某事

②趋向……;倾向……

③照顾……;护理……

④有做某事的倾向

⑤有……的趋势/倾向

tendencytendtodosthtendto/towardstend(to)sb/sthhaveatendencytodosthThereisatendencythat...4.scaredadj.害怕的;对……感到惊慌或恐惧的vt.惊吓;使害怕

vi.受惊吓

adj.令人害怕的;吓人的;恐怖的

①害怕做某事

=

②吓得要死

③恐吓某人做某事/吓得某人不敢做某事

④把……吓跑

scarescarybescaredtodosthbescaredofdoingsthbescaredtodeathscaresbinto/outofdoingsthscare...away/off5.assistvt.帮助;援助n.帮助;援助

n.助理;助手

①帮助某人做某事

②在某方面帮助某人

③在……的帮助下

④来/去援助某人

assistanceassistantassistsbtodo/indoingsthassistsbin/withsthwiththeassistanceof...come/gotoone’sassistance⑤我希望你能帮助我们班的学生了解更多的西方文化,这能增进我们的互相理解并有助于我们建立良好的关系。(应用文写作·求助信)

Ihopeyoucanassistthestudentsinourclasstolearnmoreaboutwesternculture,whichcanincreaseourmutualunderstandingandhelpbuildgoodrelationshipsbetweenus.6.harmn.&vt.伤害;损害adj.有害的

adj.无害的;无恶意的

①对某人/某物有害

=

②对……有害

③给孩子们礼物没有坏处,但礼物不应该作为奖励。(应用文写作·投稿)

harmfulharmlessdoharmtosb/sthdosb/sth