科学与技术（原卷版）--2025年高考英语热点话题阅读时文阅读-mhygpzurkju

科学与技术（原卷版）【材料来源：TheNewYorkTimesMar29,2024】ShouldWeFeartheWokeA.I.?Imagineashortstoryfromthegoldenageofsciencefiction,somethingthatwouldappearinapulpmagazinein1956.Ourtitleis“TheTruthEngine,”andthestoryenvisionsafuturewherecomputers,thosehulking,floor-to-ceilingthings,becomepotentenoughtoguidehumanbeingstoanswerstoanyquestiontheymightask,fromthecapitalofBoliviatothebestwaytomarinadeasteak.Howwouldsuchastoryend?Withsomekindofreveal,nodoubt,ofasecretagendalurkingbehindthepromiseofall-encompassingknowledge.Forinstance,maybethere’saTruthEngine2.0,smarterandmorecreative,thateveryonecan’twaittogettheirhandson.Andthenabandofdissidentsdiscoverthatversion2.0isfanaticalandmad,thattheEnginehasjustbeenpreparinghumansfortotalitarianbrainwashingorinvoluntaryextinction.Thisflightoffancyisinspiredbyoursociety’sownversionoftheTruthEngine,theoracleofGoogle,whichrecentlydebutedGemini,thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace.Itdidn’ttakelongforuserstonoticecertain…odditieswithGemini.ThemostnotablewasitsstruggletorenderaccuratedepictionsofVikings,ancientRomans,Americanfoundingfathers,randomcouplesin1820sGermanyandvariousotherdemographicsusuallycharacterizedbyapalerhueofskin.PerhapstheproblemwasjustthattheA.I.wasprogrammedforracialdiversityinstockimagery,anditshistoricalrenderingshadsomehow(asacompanystatementputit)“missedthemark”—delivering,forinstance,AfricanandAsianfacesinWehrmachtuniformsinresponsetoarequesttoseeaGermansoldiercirca1943.ButthewayinwhichGeminiansweredquestionsmadeitsnonwhitedefaultsseemmorelikeaweirdemanationoftheA.I.’sunderlyingworldview.Usersreportedbeinglecturedon“harmfulstereotypes”whentheyaskedtoseeaNormanRockwellimage,beingtoldtheycouldseepicturesofVladimirLeninbutnotAdolfHitler,andturneddownwhentheyrequestedimagesdepictinggroupsspecifiedaswhite(butnototherraces).Describingthesekindsofresultsas“wokeA.I.”isn’taninsult.It’satechnicaldescriptionofwhattheworld’sdominantsearchenginedecidedtorelease.【译文欣赏】我们应该害怕觉醒的⼈⼯智能吗？想象⼀下科幻⼩说⻩⾦时代的⼀个短篇故事，它出现在1956年的⼀本通俗杂志上。我们的标题是《真理引擎》，这个故事设想了⼀个未来，那些庞⼤、从地板到天花板的计算机变得⾜够强⼤，能够引导⼈类找到他们可能提出的任何问题的答案，从玻利维亚的⾸都到⽜排的最佳腌制⽅法。这种奇思妙想的灵感来⾃我们社会⾃⼰的“真理引擎”，即⾕歌的预⾔者，它最近推出了Gemini，这是⼈⼯智能竞赛中的最新参与者。⽤户很快就注意到了Gemini的⼀些……异常。最引⼈注⽬的是，它这样的故事会如何结束呢？毫⽆疑问，在全知全能的知识承诺背后隐藏着⼀个秘密议程。例如，也许存在⼀个真理引擎2.0更智能、更有创意，每个⼈都迫不及待地想要拥有。然后⼀群持不同政⻅者发现2.0版本是狂热和疯狂的，这台引擎只是在为⼈类准备全⾯的洗脑或⾮⾃愿的灭绝。这种奇思妙想的灵感来⾃我们社会⾃⼰的“真理引擎”，即⾕歌的预⾔者，它最近推出了Gemini，这是⼈⼯智能竞赛中的最新参与者。⽤户很快就注意到了Gemini的⼀些……异常。最引⼈注⽬的是，它在渲染维京⼈、古罗⻢⼈、美国开国元勋、1820年代德国的随机情侣以及其他通常被描述为肤⾊较浅的群体时遇到了困难。也许问题只是⼈⼯智能被编程⽤于库存图像中的种族多样性，⽽它的历史渲染在某种程度上（正如公司声明中所说）“偏离了⽬标”——例如，在回应要求看到⼤约1943年的德国⼠兵的请求时，它展示了⾮洲和亚洲⾯孔的穿着德国国防军制服的⼈。但Gemini回答问题的⽅式使得它的⾮⽩⼈默认设置看起来更像是⼈⼯智能潜在世界观的奇怪体现。⽤户报告说，当他们要求看到诺曼·洛克威尔的图像时，他们被“有害的刻板印象”所教导；当他们要求看到弗拉基⽶尔·列宁的图⽚时，他们被告知可以看到，但不能看到阿道夫·希特勒的图⽚；当他们要求展示指定为⽩⼈的群体（但不是其他种族）的图像时，他们被拒绝了。将这些结果描述为“觉醒的⼈⼯智能”并不是⼀种侮辱。这是⼀种技术描述，描述了世界主导的搜索引擎决定发布的内容。【词汇积累】1.pulp/pʌlp/n.浆状物;纸浆2.envision/ɪnˈvɪʒən/v.想象3.hulking/ˈhʌlkɪŋ/adj.笨重的4.potent/ˈpoʊtnt/adj.强大的5.agendum/əˈdʒɛndəm/n.议程6.all-encompassing/ˌɔːlɪnˈkʌmpəsɪŋ/adj.包罗万象的7.involuntary/ɪnˈvɑːlənˌtɛri/adj.无意识的8.demographic/ˌdɛməˈɡræfɪk/adj.人口的9.hue/hjuː/n.颜色10.diversity/daɪˈvɜːrsɪti/n.多样性11.emanation/ˌɛməˈneɪʃən/n.发出12.weird/wɪrd/adj.奇怪的【长难句分析】原句Thisflightoffancyisinspiredbyoursociety’sownversionoftheTruthEngine,theoracleofGoogle,whichrecentlydebutedGemini,thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace.译文这种奇思妙想的灵感来⾃我们社会⾃⼰的“真理引擎”，即⾕歌的预⾔者，它最近推出了Gemini，这是⼈⼯智能竞赛中的最新参与者。分析+--[主句:Thisflightoffancyisinspiredbyoursociety’sownversionoftheTruthEngine,theoracleofGoogle]|||+--[定语从句:whichrecentlydebutedGemini,thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace]|||+--[宾语:Gemini,thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace]|||+--[同位语:thelatestentrantinthegreatartificialintelligencerace]（一）Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,lifeismademucheasierwhenyoutravelaround.Herearesometoptravelappsforyoutouse.YelpWhenyouareinanewlocationandneedaquickrecommendation,Yelpcomesinhandy.Itgivesinsightsintothequalityofbusinessesandservices,fromrestaurantstothewayinwhichtheywork,basedonuserreviews.Theuserscancertainlymakeunfairjudgementsforpersonalreasonsattimes,butYelpoftenatleastletsyougetasenseofwhattoexpect.ZomatoInChina,thereisagoodchanceyouhaveneverheardofZomato.Insomecountries,however,itismorepopularthanYelp,anditcoversthesameground.Zomatoisaremarkablecrowd-sourcedreviewwebsite,mostlyforrestaurants.Insomeregions,youcanorderdeliveryfoodthroughZomato,too.HappyCowIfyouareapersonwhodoesn’teatmeatorfish,orevendoesn’tuseanimalproductssuchasmeat,milkoreggsorifyouareonlylookingforahealthymealoptionaftereatingnot-so-healthymealsforseveraldaysinarow,youaresuretoappreciateHappyCow.Theappandweb-sitehelpyoufindrestaurants,cafes,healthfoodstores,andotherplacestogetameat-freemeal.TripadvisorYoucanreaddifferentreviewsofhotels,restaurantsandevenactivities,writtenbymembersoftheTripadvisorcommunity,aswellasseephotostheyhaveuploadedsoyouknowwhattoexpectbeforeyouarrive.Tripadvisorhasrelationshipswithvariousbookingsites,too,whichmeansonceyoufinishresearchinghotelsorrestaurants,youcanusuallyreservethemwithjustafewextraclicks.1．WhatdoYelpandZomatohaveincommon?A．Theyprovidedeliveryservicesquickly.B．Theyexpectuserstopromotetheirservices.C．Theyonlyrecommendhotelsandrestaurants.D．Theybasetheirrecommendationsonuserreviews.2．Whichappsuitsthepersonwhodoesn’teatmeat?A．Yelp. B．HappyCow. C．Tripadvisor. D．Zomato.3．WhatsetsTripadvisorapartfromothertravelapps?A．Itisofferedfreeofcharge. B．Itislinkedtobookingplatforms.C．Itrecommendsnearbyattractions. D．Itgivescorrecthotelratinginformation.原句原句Ifyouareapersonwhodoesn’teatmeatorfish,orevendoesn’tuseanimalproductssuchasmeat,milkoreggsorifyouareonlylookingforahealthymealoptionaftereatingnot-so-healthymealsforseveraldaysinarow,youaresuretoappreciateHappyCow.译文如果你是一个不吃肉或鱼的人，甚至不使用动物产品，如肉，牛奶或鸡蛋，或者如果你只是在连续几天吃不太健康的食物后寻找健康的膳食选择，你一定会喜欢“开心牛”。分析+--[主句:youaresuretoappreciateHappyCow]|+--[条件状语从句:Ifyouareaperson]|+--[定语从句:whodoesn’teatmeatorfish,orevendoesn’tuseanimalproductssuchasmeat,milkoreggs]|+--[条件状语从句:ifyouareonlylookingforahealthymealoption]|+--[时间状语从句:aftereatingnot-so-healthymealsforseveraldaysinarow]1.handyadj.便利的1.handyadj.便利的 2.insightn.洞察力3.recommendationn.推荐 4.unfairadj.不公平的5.judgementn.判断 6.deliveryn.送货7.appreciatev.欣赏 8.optionn.选项9.reservev.预订 10.uploadv.上传（二）Withtheoceancoveringmorethan70%oftheEarth’ssurface,theNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)saidscientistsandresearchershaddependedonsonar(声呐)technologiestounderstandandmaptheseafloorwhichhadchartedonlyabout10%oftheworld’socean.FortheoceanandcoastalwatersintheUS,thenumberisjustaround35%.Weknowlessaboutourplanet’soceanthanwhatweknowaboutthefarsideofthemoonorthesurfaceofMars.Partofthereasonforthelackofobservationisthechallengeofpoweringanunderwatercamera.Researchershaveusedshipstorechargecamerasorobservedwithacameratiedtoashiptosolvetheissue,whichisexpensiveandunsuitableforlong-termobservations.Recently,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenamajorsteptoironoutthisproblembydevelopingabattery-free,wirelessunderwatercamerathatcouldharvestenergyunderwateronitsownforlongperiods.Tokeeppowerconsumptionaslowaspossible,theresearchersusedoff-the-shelf,ultra-low-powerimagingsensors.Thedevicetakescolorphotos,evenindarkunderwaterenvironments,andsendsimagedatawirelesslythroughthewater.Thecameraispoweredbysound.Itchangesmechanicalenergyfromsoundwavestravelingthroughwaterintoelectricalenergythatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment.Aftergettingandencodingimagedata,thecameraalsousessoundwavestosendthedatatoareceiverthatreconstructstheimage.Thosesoundwavescouldcomefromanysource,likeapassingshipormarinelife.Asitdoesn’tneedapowersource,thecameracouldrunforweeksonendbeforegettingitback,enablingscientiststosearchremotepartsoftheoceanfornewspecies.Nowthatresearchershavedemonstratedaworkingprototype(原型),theyplantoenhancethedevicesoitispracticalinreal-worldsettings.Forfutureapplication,thesecamerasmaybeusedtotakeimagesofoceanpollutionandcreatemoreaccuratemodelstomonitorclimatechangetobetterunderstandhowclimatechangeimpactstheunderwaterworld,andadvancevariousunderseascientificfields.4．Whatdothedatainparagraph1mainlyshow?A．UnderseaexplorationispoorintheUS.B．Muchoftheplanet’soceanremainsunexplored.C．Themappingoftheseaflooristime-consuming.D．Technologydevelopmentmattersalottoseaobservation.5．Whatlimitstheresearchers’underseaexplorationaccordingtothetext?A．Thecomplexityoftheseaenvironment.B．Theconcernaboutpotentialseapollution.C．Theshortageofinvestmentinoceanexploration.D．Theinabilitytoeffectivelypowerunderwatercameras.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“ironout”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Overcome. B．Face.C．Analyze. D．Illustrate.7．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheMITunderwatercamera?A．Secureandstable. B．Expensivebuteffective.C．Impracticalbutadvanced. D．Self-sufficientandenergy-saving.原句原句Itchangesmechanicalenergyfromsoundwavestravelingthroughwaterintoelectricalenergythatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment.译文它将声波在水中传播的机械能转化为电能，为成像和通信设备提供动力。分析+--[主句:Itchangesmechanicalenergy]|+--[介词短语:fromsoundwavestravelingthroughwater]|+--[介词短语:intoelectricalenergy]|+--[定语从句:thatpowersitsimagingandcommunicationsequipment]1.sonarn.声呐1.sonarn.声呐 2.chartv.绘制3.surfacen.表面 4.observationn.观察5.unsuitableadj.不适合的 6.mechanicaladj.机械的7.communicationsn.通讯 8.receivern.接收器9.prototypen.原型 10.enhancev.增强（三）Busystreets,loudnoises,andgreybuildingscanmakecitylifeexhaustingandboring.Findingasolutiontotheseissuesmightbepossiblebyturningtonature,whichcanhelpusfeelcalmandrefreshed.Addingvegetationorcolorfuldesignsmaymakecitiesmoreenjoyabletolivein.However,growingplantsorcoveringbuildingsinpainttotesttheseapproachesiscostlyandinconvenient.Moreover,studyingthesephenomenaoutdoorscanbetricky,asmanyfactorscanaffectthefinalresults.“Measuringpleasureandmotivationinnaturalsettingsisextremelyhard,”explainedProf.YvonneDelevoye.“Humanreactionsaresensitivetoenvironmentalchanges,suchasweatherortraffic.Consequently,weusedvirtualrealitytomeasurereactionstothesefactorsinavirtualurbanspace.”Thegroupusedvirtualrealitytomakeacitysettingthatfeltreal.Theymadetwoversions:onewithnovegetation,andanotherwithsomegreenvegetation.Theyalsointroducedcolorfulpatternsontoapath.Thentheyinvitedstudentstoparticipateinthestudy.WearingaVRheadsetandwalkingonthespot,thestudentsspenttimeexploringthevirtualenvironment.Tofindoutwherethevolunteerswerelookingandforhowlong,eachheadsetincludedaneyetracker.Theresearchersfoundthatthestudentswalkedmoreslowlywhentherewasgreenvegetationpresentintheexperiment,andtheirheartrateincreased.Theywouldspendlesstimelookingatthegroundandmoretimeobservingtheirsurroundings.Theseresultsindicateapleasurableexperience.Brightcolorpatternsalonedidnothavequitethesameupliftingeffectasthegreenvegetation,buttheyinspiredinterestandpassionofthestudentsandattractedtheirstarewhileincreasingtheirheartrate.Virtualrealitymightbeausefulresourceforurbanplanners,allowingthemtoexperimentwithdifferentelementsinavirtualenvironment.Inthefuture,theresearchersaimtoimprovetheVRexperiencetogetevenbetterandmorepreciseoutcomes.8．Whatwastheprimaryreasonforusingvirtualrealityinthestudy?A．Tocreateanentertaininggameforstudents.B．Todemonstratetheinconvenienceofurbanlife.C．Toprovethesuperiorityoftechnologyovernature.D．Tomeasurereactionswithoutenvironmentalinfluence.9．Howdidtheparticipantsinteractwiththevirtualenvironmentinthestudy?A．Bywalkingaroundarealcity.B．Bymakinguseofaneyetracker.C．Bywearingaheadsetandwalkingonsite.D．Byobservingthroughascreenwithoutmoving.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“uplifting”mostprobablymean?A．Powerful. B．Cheerful. C．Encouraging. D．Healing.11．Whatpotentialbenefitofvirtualrealityismentionedforurbanplanning?A．Reducingthecostsofurbandevelopmentsignificantly.B．Providingaplatformfortestingvariousurbanelements.C．Predictingfutureurbanchallengeswithpreciseresults.D．Helpingcitiesavoidusingrealvegetationinurbanspace.原句原句WearingaVRheadsetandwalkingonthespot,thestudentsspenttimeexploringthevirtualenvironment.译文学生们戴着VR头盔并且在原地走动，花时间探索虚拟环境。分析+--[主句:thestudentsspenttimeexploringthevirtualenvironment]|+--[方式状语:WearingaVRheadsetandwalkingonthespot]1.vegetationn.植被1.vegetationn.植被 2.approachn.方法3.inconvenientadj.不方便的 4.phenomenan.现象5.reactionn.反应 6.virtualrealityn.虚拟现实7.trackern.追踪器 8.patternn.图案9.urbanplannern.城市规划者 10.outcomen.结果（四）Theintroductionofartificialintelligence(AI)isasignificantpartofthedigitaltransformationbringingchallengesandchangestothejobdescriptionsamongmanagement.AstudyshowsthatintegratingAIsystemsintoserviceteamsincreasesdemandsonmiddlemanagementinthefinancialservicesfield.Interviewedinthestudywere25experiencedmanagersemployedbyaleadingScandinavianfinancialservicescompany.AIsystemshavebeenintenselyintegratedintothetasksandprocessesofthecompanyinrecentyears.TheresultsshowedthattheintegrationofAIsystemsintoserviceteamsisacomplexphenomenon,puttingnewdemandsontheworkofmiddlemanagementandrequiringabalancedactinthefaceofnewchallenges.“TheproductivityofworkgrowswhenroutinetasksarepassedontoAI.Ontheotherhand,thefastpaceofchangemakesworkmoredemanding,andtheintegrationofAImakesitnecessarytolearnnewthingsconstantly.Surprisingly,newkindsofroutineworkalsoincrease,becausetheoperationsofAIneedtobemonitoredandchecked,”saysAssistantProfessorJonnaKoponen.Accordingtotheresultsoftheresearch,thesocialfeaturesofmiddlemanagementalsochanged,becausetheAIsystemsusedatworkwereseeneitherastechnicaltoolsorcolleagues,dependingonthetypeofAIthatwasused.EspeciallywhenmoredevelopedtypesofAI,suchaschattingrobots,wereincludedintheAIsystems,theywereseenascolleagues.IntegratingAIalsoposesethical(道德上的)challenges,andmanagersdevotedmoreoftheirtimetoethicalconsiderations.Forexample,theywereconcernedaboutthefairnessofdecisionsmadebyAI.AspectsobservedinthestudyshowedthatmanagingserviceteamswithintegratedAIrequiresnewskillsandknowledgeofmiddlemanagement,suchastechnologicalunderstandingandskills,interactiveskillsandemotionalintelligence,problem-solvingskills,andtheabilitytomanageandadapttocontinuouschange.“AIsystemscannotyettakeoverallhumanmanagementinareassuchasthemotivationandinspirationofteammembers.Thisiswhyskillsininteractionandempathy(同理心)shouldbeemphasizedwhenselectingnewemployeesformanagerialpositionswhichemphasizethemanagementofteamsintegratedwithAI,”Koponensays.12．Whatdoesthestudyfind?A．AIbecomeslesspopularintheservicefield. B．AImakesdecisionsmorefairlythanhumans.C．AIproveshumanmanagementisunnecessary. D．AImakesmiddlemanagementmoredemanding.13．What’sJonnaKoponen’sattitudetointegratingAIsystemsintoserviceteams?A．Unmentioned. B．Opposed. C．Objective. D．Indifferent.14．WhichofthefollowingshowsJonnaKoponen’sopinion?A．AIcan’treplacehumanmangerscompletely. B．Fewmanagersintheservicefieldareneeded.C．EmployeesformanagerialpositionsdislikeAI. D．AIdevotesmoretimetoethicalconsiderations.15．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．TheintegrationofAIintoserviceteamsishard.B．AItakesoverhumanmanagementinmanyfields.C．AIandhumanmanagersareaperfectcombination.D．TheapplicationofAIinfluencesmiddlemanagement.原句原句AstudyshowsthatintegratingAIsystemsintoserviceteamsincreasesdemandsonmiddlemanagementinthefinancialservicesfield.译文一项研究表明，将人工智能系统集成到服务团队中增加了金融服务领域对中层管理的需求。分析+--[主句:Astudyshows]|+--[宾语从句:thatintegratingAIsystemsintoserviceteamsincreasesdemandsonmiddlemanagementinthefinancialservicesfield]|+--[主语:integratingAIsystemsintoserviceteams]|+--[谓语:increases]|+--[宾语:demands]|+--[宾语补足语:onmiddlemanagementinthefinancialservicesfield]1.productivityn.生产力1.productivityn.生产力 2.routinen.日常3.monitorv.监控 4.socialfeaturen.社会特征5.ethicaladj.道德上的 6.considerationn.考虑7.fairnessn.公平 8.technologicaladj.技术的9.emotionalintelligencen.情绪智力 10.combinationn.结合（五）Atfirstglance,itseemstobeDutchpainterJohannesVermeer’smasterpieceGirlwithaPearlEarring.16Wearingtwoglowingearrings,there’saslightlyinhumanshadeofredonthegirl’sface.Lookstrange?17Chosenfrom3,482submittedimagesbasedontheVermeermasterpiece,theAl-generatedworkwasdisplayedattheMauritshuisMuseumintheNetherlandsinMarch.ThedesignerlookedontheexperienceofliterallyreplacingthefamouspaintingbyoneofhisAIimagescrazyandcompletelysurreal.18ThoughMauritshuispressofficerBorisdeMunnickinsistedthatitwasanicepictureandacreativeprocess,manypeoplequestionedwhetheritcouldbecalledartandifitwasqualifiedtobeshowninthemuseumgallery.19ItwasregardedasadisrespectforthemasterpieceofVermeerandalsoforanyworkingartist.Infact,thisisnotthefirsttimethatpeoplehavedebatedAI’sroleincreativity.20ButthetechnologyhasnowbecomewidelyavailableforregulareverydayuseandthepracticeofusingAIimagegeneratorstomakearthasbecomemorecommon.A．Comingfromamuseum,it’sreallyembarrassing.B．However,theAIimageraisedafierceargument.C．Butlookmorecloselyandyoumayfindsomethingdifferentaboutit.D．OnecommonconcerniswhetherAI-generatedworksbreakcopyrightlaws.E．DutchartistIrisCompietdescribedtheimageondisplayasalmostFrankenstein-ish.F．It’sactuallyanimagemadebyBerlin-baseddesignerJulianvanDiekenusingartificialintelligence.G．TheemergenceofsuchAIworksisbelievedbymanytoweakentheenthusiasmofartistswithcreativeskills.原句原句ThoughMauritshuispressofficerBorisdeMunnickinsistedthatitwasanicepictureandacreativeprocess,manypeoplequestionedwhetheritcouldbecalledartandifitwasqualifiedtobeshowninthemuseumgallery.译文尽管Mauritshuis新闻官BorisdeMunnick坚称这是一幅很好的画，也是一个创作过程，但许多人质疑它是否可以被称为艺术，以及它是否有资格在博物馆画廊展出。分析+--[主句:manypeoplequestioned]|+--[让步状语从句:ThoughMauritshuispressofficerBorisdeMunnickinsisted]|||+--[宾语从句:thatitwasanicepictureandacreativeprocess]|+--[宾语从句:whetheritcouldbecalledartandifitwasqualifiedtobeshowninthemuseumgallery]1.masterpiecen.杰作1.masterpiecen.杰作 2.glowingadj.发光的3.submitv.提交 4.surrealadj.超现实的5.qualifiedadj.有资格的 6.galleryn.画廊7.creativityn.创造力 8.availableadj.可用的9.practicen.实践 10.generatorn.生成器（六）AlexanderGrahamBellhatedspendingsummertimeinWashington,DC．Heusually21tohisfarminNovaScotia,butoneyearhehadtostayinthecapital.“Whyhumanshave22howtowarmahousebutnothowtocoolone—untilnow,”hewondered,andin1872,he23acold-air-producingdeviceandbroughtthetemperatureinhisroomdownto21℃.When69-year-oldBelltoldthat24inaspeechtothe1917graduatingclassofMcKinleyManualTrainingSchool,thestudentswent25.Theclappinglastedsolongthathewas26tosaysomethingmoresurprising.“Couldpostagestampsbeusedin27ofpersons?”askedBell,whohadthoughtof28alowpriceforpublictransport,butthecostofbuildingadditionalroadswastoohigh.“Perhaps,theflyingmachinewillbethe29.”Inthespeech,Bellalso30onacenturyofprogressandlookedaheadwithremarkableforesight.Inthereflection,hewasamazedbythe31madeinthepastcentury:Gaslightinghadevolvedintoelectricbulbsandautomobiles32horse-drawnvehicles.Hethenwentonto33thecommercialairplane,solarpanels,andthe34forrenewableresources.GilbertGrosvenor,theeditorofNationalGeographicmagazine,askedforthe35andpublishedarevisedversionintheFebruaryissue.Now,morethanonehundredyearslater,Bell’spredictionsstillremainprescient(预见性的).21．A．wandered B．escaped C．flew D．applied22．A．agreedon B．insistedon C．figuredout D．ruledout23．A．designed B．bought C．saw D．borrowed24．A．accident B．loss C．problem D．story25．A．wild B．hungry C．disappointed D．silent26．A．allowed B．forced C．paid D．chosen27．A．favor B．memory C．transportation D．case28．A．cutting B．raising C．avoiding D．charging29．A．pollution B．solution C．discovery D．issue30．A．relied B．switched C．reflected D．called31．A．profits B．advances C．materials D．failures32．A．replaced B．destroyed C．attacked D．missed33．A．sell B．rent C．invent D．predict34．A．deadline B．competition C．need D．balance35．A．text B．book C．contract D．interview1.temperaturen.温度1.temperaturen.温度 2.flyingmachinen.飞行器3.progressn.进步 4.foresightn.预见5.evolvev.进化 6.commercialadj.商业的7.renewableadj.可再生的 8.resourcesn.资源9.prescientadj.预见性的 10.issuen.期刊，问题（一）（2024·新课标=2\*ROMANII卷）Weallknowfreshisbestwhenitcomestofood.However,mostproduceatthestorewentthroughweeksoftravelandcoveredhundredsofmilesbeforereachingthetable.Whilefarmer’smarketsareasolidchoicetoreducethejourney,BabylonMicro-Farm(BMF)shortensitevenmore.BMFisanindoorgardensystem.Itcanbesetupforafamily.Additionally,itcouldservealargeraudiencesuchasahospital,restaurantorschool.Theinnovativedesignrequireslittleefforttoachieveareliableweeklysupplyoffreshgreens.Specifically,it’safarmthatreliesonnewtechnology.ByconnectingthroughtheCloud,BMFisremotelymonitored.Also,thereisaconvenientappthatprovidesgrowingdatainrealtime.Becausethesystemisautomated,itsignificantlyreducestheamountofwaterneededtogrowplants.Ratherthanwateringrowsofsoil,thesystemprovidesjusttherightamounttoeachplant.Afterharvest,userssimplyreplacetheplantswithanewpre-seededpod(容器)togetthenextgrowthcyclestarted.Moreover,havingasysteminthesamebuildingwhereit’seatenmeanszeroemissions(排放)fromtransportingplantsfromsoiltosalad.Inaddition,there’snoneedforpesticidesandotherchemicalsthatpollutetraditionalfarmsandthesurroundingenvironment.BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic.“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment,”saidaBMFemployee.1．WhatcanbelearnedaboutBMFfromparagraph1?A．Itguaranteesthevarietyoffood. B．Itrequiresday-to-daycare.C．Itcutsthefarm-to-tabledistance. D．Itreliesonfarmer’smarkets.2．Whatinformationdoestheconvenientappoffer?A．Real-timeweatherchanges. B．Currentconditionoftheplants.C．Chemicalpollutantsinthesoil. D．Availabilityofpre-seededpods.3．WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBMFemployees?A．Theyhaveagreatpassionforsports.B．Theyaredevotedtocommunityservice.C．Theyarefondofsharingdailyexperiences.D．Theyhaveastrongenvironmentalawareness.4．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．BMF’smajorstrengths. B．BMF’sgeneralmanagement.C．BMF’sglobalinfluence. D．BMF’stechnicalstandards.（二）（2023·北京·高考真题）Whatislife?Likemostgreatquestions,thisoneiseasytoaskbutdifficulttoanswer.Thereasonissimple:weknowofjustonetypeoflifeandit’schallengingtodosciencewithasamplesizeofone.Thefieldofartificiallife-calledALifeforshort—isthesystematicattempttospelloutlife’sfundamentalprinciples.Manyofthesepractitioners,so-calledALifers,thinkthatsomehowmakinglifeisthesurestwaytoreallyunderstandwhatlifeis.Sofarnoonehasconvincinglymadeartificiallife.ThistrackrecordmakesALifearipetargetforcriticism,suchasdeclarationsofthefield’sdoubtfulscientificvalue.AlanSmith,acomplexityscientist,istiredofsuchcomplaints.Askingabout“thepoint”ofALifemightbe,well,missingthepointentirely,hesays.“Theexistenceofalivingsystemisnotabouttheuseofanything.”Alansays.“Somepeopleaskme,‘Sowhat’stheworthofartificiallife?’Doyoueverthink,‘Whatistheworthofyourgrandmother?’”AsmuchasmanyALifershateemphasizingtheirresearch’sapplications,theattemptstocreateartificiallifecouldhavepracticalpayoffs.ArtificialintelligencemaybeconsideredALife’scousininthatresearchersinbothfieldsareenamoredbyaconceptcalledopen-endedevolution(演化).Thisisthecapacityforasystemtocreateessentiallyen