2025年高考英语二轮复习 专题3 完形填空 第2讲 夹叙夹议文 课件

第2讲夹叙夹议文目录索引体裁解读技法点拨0102体裁解读解题要领要领解读分析结构,抓住作者的观点借助文章结构,即事例→观点,观点→事例,观点→事例→观点,体会记叙和议论的关系,抓住作者的观点,明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构,从而明白作者的写作思路。重视首句,把握文章主题首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作中心,为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。解题要领要领解读叙议兼顾,理解议论内涵夹叙夹议文中叙与议是一个有机的整体,叙是议的基础,而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时,掌握议论部分的内容是关键,因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来,再结合对人物心理和行为的描述,全面把握文章才能正确解题。抓住转换,理清逻辑关系抓住记叙与议论的转换,及时调整思维方式,理清上下文之间的逻辑关系,在充分把握语境的基础上,辨析词语,进一步把握作者的观点、态度,找到正确答案。[典型例题](2024新课标Ⅰ卷)I’ve

been

motivated—and

demotivated—by

other

folks’

achievements

all

my

life.When

I

was

a

teenager,a

neighborhood

friend

41

a

marathon

race.

Feeling

motivated,I

started

running

42

,but

then

two

things

happened.First,

a

girl

I

met

one

day

told

me

she

was

43

for

a

“super,”

referring

to

a

52.4-mile

double

marathon.Then,the

next

day

I

went

on

my

longest

run—15

miles.

To

be

honest,I

44

it!Between

the

girl

making

my

45

seem

small

and

the

pure

boredom

of

jogging,I

decided

that

the

only

46

I’d

ever

run

again

is

if

a

big

dog

was

running

after

me!

So

I

47

cycling.I

got

a

good

bike

and

rode

a

lot.I

48

of

entering

cycle

races

until

I

flew

to

San

Diego

to

visit

my

sister.While

she

was

at

work

one

day,I

49

her

bike

and

went

for

a

ride.The

50

:The

roads

there

went

through

large

valleys

where

I’d

be

riding

uphill

for

miles

at

a

time.

I’d

never

faced

such

51

.That

day,I

got

52

by

about

100

“local”

bikers

who

were

used

to

such

roads.When

I

got

back

home,suddenly

riding

my

bike

didn’t

seem

quite

as

53

.

I’ve

54

a

lot

since

then.I’ve

come

to

accept

that

whatever

55

I

set

for

myself,they

just

have

to

be

my

own.

【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在一生中从其他人的成就中,既受到了激励,也变得消极的故事,最终作者明白了这样一个道理:无论自己设定什么样的目标,都必须是适合自己的目标。41.A.knew

B.held

C.won

D.quit答案

C解析

根据下一句中的“Feeling

motivated”可推断出,作者的朋友赢得了(won)一场马拉松比赛。42.A.regularly B.silently

C.proudly

D.recently答案

A解析

根据“Feeling

motivated,I

started

running”可知,作者受到了激励,所以开始经常(regularly)跑步。43.A.asking B.looking

C.waiting

D.training答案

D解析

根据空后的“for

a‘super,’referring

to

a

52.4-mile

double

marathon”可知,作者遇到的一个女孩说她正在为一场52.4英里的双程马拉松进行训练(training)。44.A.made B.believedC.hated D.deserved答案

C解析

根据前文的“Then,the

next

day

I

went

on

my

longest

run—15

miles.”以及后文的“Between

the

girl

making

my

seem

small

and

the

pure

boredom

of

jogging”可知,作者最长跑了15英里,和女孩一比微不足道,所以他讨厌(hate)跑步。

45.A.advantage B.achievementC.contribution D.influence答案

B解析

根据上下文语境可知,作者最长跑了15英里,而女孩在为52.4英里做训练,所以应是作者的成就(achievement)看起来微不足道。46.A.way B.risk

C.place

D.reason答案

D解析

根据上文的“Between

the

girl...and

the

pure

boredom

of

jogging”可知,作者在跑步方面的热情被浇灭,因此他决定自己再次跑步的原因(reason)只能是“如果有一条大狗追自己”。47.A.gaveup B.wentonC.turnedto D.dealtwith答案

C解析

由上文可知,作者不跑步了,再根据下文作者买了自行车,并经常骑车可知,他转向了(turned

to)骑自行车。48.A.heard B.dreamedC.complained D.approved答案

B解析

根据上一句“I

got

a

good

bike

and

rode

a

lot.”可知,作者对骑自行车又有了浓厚的兴趣,故他梦想着(dreamed)参加自行车比赛。49.A.painted B.borrowedC.bought D.parked答案

B解析

根据上文可知,作者去了姐姐家。一天姐姐去上班了,作者借了(borrowed)她的自行车,去骑车了。50.A.problem B.secret

C.principle

D.advice答案

A解析

根据空后的“The

roads

there

went

through

large

valleys...riding

uphill

for

miles

at

a

time.”可知,作者这次骑自行车面临着路线不好走的问题(problem)。51.A.dangers B.eventsC.opponents D.challenges答案

D解析

根据上文的描述“The

roads...riding

uphill

for

miles

at

a

time.”可知,作者从来没有遇到过这样的挑战(challenges)。52.A.passed B.convincedC.admired D.stopped答案

A解析

根据“about

100‘local’bikers

who

were

used

to

such

roads”和“When

I

got

back

home,suddenly...”可知,作者又遇到了挫折:他被当地大约100名习惯了路况的骑自行车的人超越了(passed)。53.A.reliable B.convenientC.familiar D.appealing答案

D解析

根据“suddenly

riding

my

bike

didn’t

seem

quite

as...”可知,作者突然觉得骑自行车好像不那么有吸引力了(appealing)。54.A.traveled B.matured

C.missed

D.worried答案

B解析

根据下文的“I’ve

come

to

accept

that

whatever

I

set

for

myself,they

just

have

to

be

my

own.”可知,从那时起,作者成熟了(matured)许多。

55.A.limits B.dates

C.goals

D.tests答案

C解析

作者跑步和骑自行车都是他为自己设定的目标,所以作者已经开始接受这样一个事实:无论他为自己设定什么目标(goals),都必须是适合他自己的目标。技法点拨技法1利用生活常识和文化背景解题[典例]First,a

girl

I

met

one

day

told

me

she

was

43

for

a

“super”,referring

to

a

52.4-mile

double

marathon.

43.A.asking

B.lookingC.waiting

D.training

▶分析

根据生活常识可以推测,女孩要跑52.4英里的双程马拉松,所以她要为了成为一名“超人”而训练。[自主解答]

D【点拨】一些完形填空题经常会涉及文化或生活常识方面的知识,这些文化或生活常识主要靠考生平时的阅读积累,从某种程度上来说,此类问题主要考查考生的学习视野和知识面。(1)生活常识[真题体验1](2023浙江1月卷)Here,in

south-east

Ethiopia,hand-carved

beehives(蜂箱)

are

placed

in

the

42.treetops.Reaching

them

to

get

the

honey

is

difficult—and

often

43

.

43.A.urgent

B.dangerousC.expensive

D.pointless答案

B解析

urgent紧急的;dangerous危险的;expensive昂贵的;pointless毫无意义的。根据常识可知,手工雕刻的蜂箱被放置在树顶上,采摘蜂蜜很难并且经常也很危险。故选B项。[真题体验2](2023全国甲卷)It’s

good

to

eat

things

at

the

correct

time,when

they’re

58

,and

as

close

as

possible

to

where

they

were

59

.

58.A.on

view

B.on

saleC.in

season

D.in

need答案

C解析

on

view在展出;on

sale出售;in

season应季的;in

need在困难中。根据生活常识可知,“吃应季的和尽可能靠近产地的东西”是正确的做法。故选C项。59.A.finished B.storedC.found D.grown答案

D解析

finish完成;store贮存;find找到;grow种植,生长。根据生活常识可知,“吃应季的和尽可能靠近原产地的东西”是正确的做法。故选D项。(2)文化背景[真题体验3](天津卷)Roberta

appeared

on

the

stage.She

took

a

deep

breath

and

began

to

16.speak.Now

she

was

Portia,a

strong-willed

17

in

Shakespeare’s

The

Merchant

of

Venice.The

theatre

was

filled

with

people.She

was

speaking

with

a

power

she

had

never

before

experienced,the

words

flowing

18.smoothly

from

her.

17.A.member

B.actressC.player

D.character答案

D解析

表示小说或戏剧中的“人物”或“角色”,用character。故选D项。技法2利用语境暗示分析法解题[典例]While

she

was

at

work

one

day,I

49

her

bike

and

went

for

a

ride.

49.A.painted

B.borrowedC.bought

D.parked

▶分析

利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据本空前的“Whileshewasatworkoneday”暗示可推知,姐姐去上班了,所以作者借了她的自行车。[自主解答]

【点拨】上下文语境具体体现为全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中,我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示,即根据已知信息,推导出正确答案。B(1)根据上文提示[真题体验1](2023新课标Ⅰ卷)Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher44.racewhenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She45.stoppedtohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith

46

.Shecouldn’t.

46.A.courage

B.aidC.patience D.advice答案

B解析

courage勇气;aid帮助;patience耐心;advice建议。根据上文语境“She

stopped

to

help

her

fellow

runner”可知,此处表示看Lenoue是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B项。(2)根据下文提示[真题体验2](2023新课标Ⅱ卷)They

had

to

move

to

Virginia

but

they

were

on

a

very

tight

41

.They

could

not

afford

to

pay

for

42.transportation

for

their

dog,Tiffy,and

43.desperately

wanted

to

take

her

with

them.

41.A.turn

B.budgetC.schedule

D.connection答案

B解析

turn转折点;budget预算;schedule时间表;connection联系。根据下文语境“They

could

not

afford

to

pay

for

transportation

for

their

dog,Tiffy”可知,这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B项。课堂应用(2020全国Ⅰ卷改编)Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.The

1

isobvious.Ifweadmititisadoor,they’llwanttogooutside

2

.Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekidsapparentlyknowthe

3

.Butourinsistingit’smerelyawindowhaskeptthemfrom

4

millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.

Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey’ll

5

anddiscoverthateverythingthey’vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisalie.

Iwonderifparentsshouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe

6

.Ihaveaverystrong

7

thattheliewe’retellingisdoingspiritualdamagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave

8

metaphorical(比喻)meanings.I’mtellingthemtheycan’topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin

9

theycometoametaphoricaldoor,likeanopportunity(机会)ofsomesort,and

10

openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjust

11

itandwonder,“Whatifitisn’tadoor?”Thatis,“Whatifitisn’ta

12

opportunity?”

Maybeit’sanunreasonablefear.Butthe

13

isthatIshouldn’tlietomykids.Ishouldjust

14

repeatedlyhavingtosay,“No.Wecan’tgooutsidenow.”Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,betheyrealormetaphorical,theywon’t

15

toopenthemandwalkthrough.

【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在生活中,父母可以向孩子撒谎吗?如果父母对孩子撒谎,有可能会对孩子造成精神上的伤害。1.A.relief

B.targetC.reason D.case答案

C解析

结合上下文可知,作者夫妇告诉孩子们那扇滑动玻璃门只是一扇窗户,而对孩子们撒谎的原因是想要阻止他们出去,这个“原因”是显而易见的。故选C项。2.A.gradually B.constantlyC.temporarily D.casually答案

B解析

根据常识可知,孩子们会不断地想从门里走出去。constantly

不断地。故选B项。3.A.result B.dangerC.method D.truth答案

D解析

根据下文“我们坚持说它是窗户”可知,此处意为“孩子们显然是知道了真相”。故选D项。4.A.reviewing B.approvingC.receiving D.attempting答案

D解析

孩子们知道了它是一道门时,就会尝试着请求到外面去。孩子们在是否能到外面去这个问题上还是尝试着向父母做出请求,这符合常理。故选D项。5.A.winout B.giveupC.wakeup D.standout答案

C解析

随着孩子们长大,终有一天他们会发现他们一直知道的窗户是个谎言,也就是说他们觉醒了。故选C项。6.A.restrictions B.explanationsC.differences D.consequences答案

D解析

根据常识可知,父母无论是一直说谎还是一直讲真话,都会产生后果。故可判断句意为“我不知道父母是否应该一直不计后果地讲真话”。故选D项。7.A.demand B.fearC.desire D.doubt答案

B解析

根据下文“Maybe

it’s

an

unreasonable

fear”可知,此处意为“我有一种很强的担忧”。故选B项。8.A.traditional B.importantC.double D.original答案

B解析

本段中,作者将“机会”比喻为“门

”,而生活中的机会对于每个