2025年英语四六级考试考前冲刺阅读理解专项训练试卷

2025年英语四六级考试考前冲刺阅读理解专项训练试卷考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分阅读理解Theinternet,arevolutionarytechnologythathasfundamentallyreshapedmodernsociety,continuestoevolveatanunprecedentedpace.Itsoriginstracebacktothelate1960swhentheU.S.DepartmentofDefensedevelopedARPANET,anetworkdesignedtofacilitatecommunicationamongresearchinstitutionsandmilitaryestablishments.Initially,thisnetworkallowedforbasictext-basedcommunication,buttheadventoftheWorldWideWebintheearly1990stransformeditintoauser-friendlyplatformaccessibletothegeneralpublic.Thistransformationhashadaprofoundimpactonnearlyeveryaspectofhumanlife.Businesseshaveleveragedtheinternettoreachglobalmarkets,operatemoreefficiently,andengagewithcustomersinnovelways.E-commercehasrevolutionizedshopping,allowingconsumerstopurchasegoodsandservicesfromthecomfortoftheirhomes.Educationhasbeentransformedthroughonlinelearningplatforms,whichprovideaccesstocoursesandresourcesfromaroundtheworld.Socially,theinternethasconnectedpeopleacrossvastdistances,enablingreal-timecommunicationandthesharingofinformationonanunprecedentedscale.However,therapidgrowthoftheinternethasalsobroughtaboutsignificantchallenges.Issuessuchasdataprivacy,cybersecuritythreats,andthespreadofmisinformationhavebecomeincreasinglyprevalent.Thedigitaldivide,thegapbetweenthosewhohaveaccesstotheinternetandthosewhodonot,remainsasignificantconcerninmanypartsoftheworld.Additionally,theriseofsocialmediahasbeenlinkedtoconcernsaboutmentalhealth,addiction,andtheerosionoftraditionalcommunitystructures.Despitethesechallenges,thefutureoftheinternetappearsbright.Advancementsintechnologysuchasartificialintelligence,theInternetofThings(IoT),and5Gconnectivityarepoisedtofurtherexpanditsreachandcapabilities.Thesetechnologiespromisetocreateamoreinterconnectedandintelligentworld,whereinformationisreadilyaccessible,andautomationstreamlinesvariousaspectsoflife.Aswemoveforward,itiscrucialtoaddresstheethicalandsocialimplicationsoftheseadvancementstoensurethattheinternetservesasaforceforgoodintheyearstocome.Questions:1.WhatwastheprimarypurposeofARPANETwhenitwasinitiallydeveloped?2.Howhastheinternettransformedthebusinessworldaccordingtothepassage?3.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthesocialchallengesassociatedwiththeinternet?4.Whatadvancementsintechnologyareexpectedtoshapethefutureoftheinternet?5.Whatistheauthor'smainconcernregardingthefuturedevelopmentoftheinternet?第二部分阅读理解Climatechange,acomplexandmultifacetedphenomenon,hasemergedasoneofthemostpressingissuesfacingtheglobalcommunitytoday.Itisprimarilydrivenbytheincreaseingreenhousegasemissions,particularlycarbondioxide(CO2),resultingfromhumanactivitiessuchasburningfossilfuels,deforestation,andindustrialprocesses.ThesegasestrapheatintheEarth'satmosphere,leadingtoariseinglobaltemperatures,commonlyreferredtoasglobalwarming.Theconsequencesofclimatechangearefar-reachinganddevastating.Risingsealevels,causedbythemeltingofpolaricecapsandglaciers,poseasignificantthreattocoastalcommunitiesandlow-lyingareas.Morefrequentandintenseheatwaves,droughts,andfloodsarebecomingincreasinglycommon,disruptingecosystems,agriculture,andhumansettlements.Additionally,thewarmingclimateisexacerbatingthespreadofinfectiousdiseases,aswarmertemperaturescreatemorefavorableconditionsfordiseasevectorslikemosquitoesandticks.Addressingclimatechangerequiresaconcertedglobaleffort.Mitigationstrategiesfocusonreducinggreenhousegasemissionsthroughthetransitiontorenewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower,andimprovingenergyefficiency.Adaptationstrategiesaimtominimizetheimpactofclimatechangebyimplementingmeasuressuchasbuildingseawalls,developingdrought-resistantcrops,andcreatingearlywarningsystemsforextremeweatherevents.Despitetheurgencyofthesituation,progressincombatingclimatechangehasbeenslowanduneven.Politicaldisagreements,economicconstraints,andlackofpublicawarenesshavehinderedtheimplementationofeffectivesolutions.However,thereisagrowingmovementofindividuals,organizations,andgovernmentscommittedtotakingaction.Internationalagreements,suchastheParisAgreement,haveprovidedaframeworkforcountriestoworktogetherandreducetheircarbonemissions.Publicawarenesscampaignsandtheriseofenvironmentalactivismarealsoplayingacrucialroleindrivingchange.Thefightagainstclimatechangeisalongandarduousprocess,butitisnotimpossible.Byworkingtogetherandimplementingsustainablepractices,wecanmitigatetheworsteffectsofclimatechangeandcreateamoresustainablefutureforgenerationstocome.Questions:6.Whatisthemaincauseofclimatechangeaccordingtothepassage?7.Howdoesclimatechangeaffectcoastalcommunities?8.Whataresomeexamplesofmitigationstrategiesmentionedinthepassage?9.Whatobstacleshavehinderedprogressincombatingclimatechange?10.Whatistheauthor'smessageaboutthefightagainstclimatechange?第三部分阅读理解Theconceptof"gigeconomy"hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,referringtoalabormarketcharacterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentpositions.Thisshifthasbeendrivenbytheriseoftechnologyplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomers,suchasUber,Airbnb,andUpwork.Whilethegigeconomyoffersflexibilityandautonomyforworkers,italsopresentsseveralchallengesandconcerns.Oneoftheprimaryadvantagesofthegigeconomyistheflexibilityitoffers.Workerscanchoosewhenandwheretheywork,settheirownschedules,andtakeonasmuchoraslittleworkastheydesire.Thisflexibilityisparticularlyappealingtoindividualswhoareseekingalternativeworkarrangements,suchasstudents,parents,orthoselookingtosupplementtheirincome.Additionally,thegigeconomyprovidesopportunitiesforindividualstodevelopnewskillsandexploredifferentcareerpaths.However,thegigeconomyalsohasitsdrawbacks.Workersinthegigeconomyoftenlackthebenefitsandsecurityassociatedwithtraditionalemployment,suchashealthinsurance,retirementplans,andpaidtimeoff.Additionally,theinstabilityofgigworkcanleadtoincomevolatilityandfinancialinsecurity.Thelackofaclearcareerprogressionpathandlimitedopportunitiesforprofessionaldevelopmentarealsoconcernsraisedbygigworkers.Anotherissueassociatedwiththegigeconomyisthepotentialforexploitation.Somegigworkersareclassifiedasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,whichallowscompaniestoavoidprovidingbenefitsandprotections.Thisclassificationcanleaveworkersvulnerabletounfairpractices,suchaslowpay,longworkinghours,andlackofaccesstolegalrecourse.Asthegigeconomycontinuestogrow,itiscrucialtoaddressthesechallengesandensurethatworkersaretreatedfairlyandhaveaccesstoadequateprotections.Thismayinvolveimplementingnewlaborlaws,providingsupportforgigworkers,andpromotingthedevelopmentofalternativeworkarrangementsthatbalancetheneedsofworkersandbusinesses.Questions:11.Whatisthedefiningcharacteristicofthegigeconomy?12.Whataresomeadvantagesofworkinginthegigeconomy?13.Whataresomechallengesfacedbygigworkers?14.Whatisthepotentialforexploitationinthegigeconomy?15.Whatstepscanbetakentoaddressthechallengesofthegigeconomy?第四部分阅读理解Artificialintelligence(AI)hasemergedasoneofthemosttransformativetechnologiesofthe21stcentury,withthepotentialtorevolutionizenumerousindustriesandaspectsofhumanlife.AIreferstothesimulationofhumanintelligenceinmachinesthatareprogrammedtolearn,reason,andproblem-solve.Thistechnologyisalreadybeingusedinvariousapplications,suchasvirtualassistants,recommendationsystems,autonomousvehicles,andmedicaldiagnosis.ThedevelopmentofAIhasbeendrivenbyadvancementsinmachinelearning,asubsetofAIthatfocusesonenablingmachinestolearnfromdataandimprovetheirperformanceovertime.Machinelearningalgorithmsareusedtoanalyzelargedatasets,identifypatterns,andmakepredictionsordecisionsbasedonthatdata.Thishasledtosignificantbreakthroughsinfieldssuchasmedicine,finance,andtransportation.DespitetheimmensepotentialofAI,therearealsoconcernsaboutitsethicalimplicationsandpotentialimpactonsociety.Oneoftheprimaryconcernsisthepotentialforjobdisplacement,asAI-poweredautomationcouldreplacehumanworkersinvariousindustries.Additionally,thereareconcernsaboutbiasinAIalgorithms,whichcanleadtodiscriminatoryoutcomesifthedatausedtotrainthealgorithmsisbiased.TherearealsoconcernsaboutthesecurityofAIsystemsandthepotentialformalicioususeofthistechnology.AnotherchallengeassociatedwithAIisthelackofaclearregulatoryframework.AsAItechnologycontinuestoevolveatarapidpace,itisessentialtodevelopguidelinesandregulationstoensurethatthistechnologyisdevelopedandusedresponsibly.Thisincludesaddressingissuessuchasdataprivacy,accountability,andtransparency.Despitethesechallenges,thefutureofAIappearspromising.Asthistechnologycontinuestoevolve,ithasthepotentialtosolvecomplexproblems,improveefficiency,andenhancethequalityoflifeforpeoplearoundtheworld.However,itiscrucialtoaddresstheethicalandsocialimplicationsofAItoensurethatthistechnologyisusedforthebenefitofhumanity.Questions:16.Whatisthemainpurposeofmachinelearning?17.WhataresomeconcernsabouttheimpactofAIonsociety?18.WhatisamajorchallengeinthedevelopmentofAI?19.WhatisthepotentialimpactofAIonvariousindustries?20.Whatistheauthor'soverallperspectiveonthefutureofAI?试卷答案第一部分阅读理解1.Tofacilitatecommunicationamongresearchinstitutionsandmilitaryestablishments.解析思路：文章第一段明确指出，“TheU.S.DepartmentofDefensedevelopedARPANET,anetworkdesignedtofacilitatecommunicationamongresearchinstitutionsandmilitaryestablishments.”这表明ARPANET最初的目的是促进研究机构和军事机构之间的通信。2.Theinternethastransformedthebusinessworldbyenablingglobalmarketreach,operationalefficiency,andinnovativecustomerengagement.解析思路：文章第二段讨论了互联网对企业的影响，指出企业可以利用互联网进入全球市场、提高运营效率并以创新的方式与客户互动。3.Accordingtothepassage,someofthesocialchallengesassociatedwiththeinternetincludethedigitaldivide,mentalhealthissues,addiction,andtheerosionoftraditionalcommunitystructures.解析思路：文章第三段提到了互联网带来的社会挑战，包括数字鸿沟、心理健康问题、成瘾以及传统社区结构的侵蚀。4.Advancementsintechnologysuchasartificialintelligence,theInternetofThings(IoT),and5Gconnectivityareexpectedtoshapethefutureoftheinternet.解析思路：文章第四段指出，“Advancementsintechnologysuchasartificialintelligence,theInternetofThings(IoT),and5Gconnectivityarepoisedtofurtherexpanditsreachandcapabilities.”这表明这些技术将塑造互联网的未来。5.Theauthor'smainconcernregardingthefuturedevelopmentoftheinternetistheneedtoaddressethicalandsocialimplicationstoensureitservesasaforceforgood.解析思路：文章第四段最后一句，“Aswemoveforward,itiscrucialtoaddresstheethicalandsocialimplicationsoftheseadvancementstoensurethattheinternetservesasaforceforgoodintheyearstocome.”表明作者的主要关切是解决这些技术的道德和社会影响，以确保互联网在未来成为一股善的力量。第二部分阅读理解6.Themaincauseofclimatechangeaccordingtothepassageistheincreaseingreenhousegasemissions,particularlycarbondioxide(CO2),resultingfromhumanactivities.解析思路：文章第一段明确指出，“Itisprimarilydrivenbytheincreaseingreenhousegasemissions,particularlycarbondioxide(CO2),resultingfromhumanactivitiessuchasburningfossilfuels,deforestation,andindustrialprocesses.”这表明气候变化的主要原因是温室气体排放的增加，特别是二氧化碳的增加，这是由人类活动造成的。7.Climatechangeaffectscoastalcommunitiesbycausingrisingsealevels,whichthreatentheirsettlements.解析思路：文章第二段提到，“Risingsealevels,causedbythemeltingofpolaricecapsandglaciers,poseasignificantthreattocoastalcommunitiesandlow-lyingareas.”这表明海平面上升对沿海社区构成威胁。8.Someexamplesofmitigationstrategiesmentionedinthepassageincludetransitioningtorenewableenergysources,improvingenergyefficiency,buildingseawalls,developingdrought-resistantcrops,andcreatingearlywarningsystemsforextremeweatherevents.解析思路：文章第三段列举了减缓策略，包括向可再生能源转型、提高能源效率、建造海堤、开发抗旱作物以及为极端天气事件创建预警系统。9.Obstaclesthathavehinderedprogressincombatingclimatechangeincludepoliticaldisagreements,economicconstraints,lackofpublicawareness,andslowimplementationofeffectivesolutions.解析思路：文章第三段最后一句提到，“However,progressincombatingclimatechangehasbeenslowanduneven.Politicaldisagreements,economicconstraints,andlackofpublicawarenesshavehinderedtheimplementationofeffectivesolutions.”这表明政治分歧、经济限制、缺乏公众意识以及有效解决方案的实施缓慢阻碍了应对气候变化的进展。10.Theauthor'smessageaboutthefightagainstclimatechangeisthatalthoughitisalongandarduousprocess,itisnotimpossible,andbyworkingtogetherandimplementingsustainablepractices,wecanmitigateitsworsteffectsandcreateamoresustainablefuture.解析思路：文章最后一段表达了作者的信念，“Thefightagainstclimatechangeisalongandarduousprocess,butitisnotimpossible.Byworkingtogetherandimplementingsustainablepractices,wecanmitigatetheworsteffectsofclimatechangeandcreateamoresustainablefutureforgenerationstocome.”这表明尽管应对气候变化是一个漫长而艰巨的过程，但并非不可能，通过共同努力和实施可持续实践，我们可以减轻其最坏的影响，为子孙后代创造一个更可持续的未来。第三部分阅读理解11.Thedefiningcharacteristicofthegigeconomyisalabormarketcharacterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentpositions.解析思路：文章第一段定义了零工经济的特征，“Theconceptof'gigeconomy'hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,referringtoalabormarketcharacterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentpositions.”这表明零工经济的定义是由短期合同或自由职业取代永久职位的一种劳动力市场。12.Someadvantagesofworkinginthegigeconomyincludeflexibilityinchoosingwhenandwheretowork,settingone'sownschedule,takingonasmuchoraslittleworkasdesired,andopportunitiestodevelopnewskillsandexploredifferentcareerpaths.解析思路：文章第二段列举了零工经济的优势，包括工作时间和地点的灵活性、自行安排时间表、根据自己的意愿承担多少工作以及发展新技能和探索不同职业道路的机会。13.Somechallengesfacedbygigworkersincludelackofbenefitsandsecurityassociatedwithtraditionalemployment,incomevolatilityandfinancialinsecurity,lackofaclearcareerprogressionpath,andlimitedopportunitiesforprofessionaldevelopment.解析思路：文章第二段讨论了零工工作者的挑战，包括缺乏与传统就业相关的福利和安全、收入波动和财务不安全、缺乏明确的职业发展路径以及职业发展机会有限。14.Thepotentialforexploitationinthegigeconomyisthatsomegigworkersareclassifiedasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,whichallowscompaniestoavoidprovidingbenefitsandprotections,leavingworkersvulnerabletounfairpractices.解析思路：文章第三段指出，“Somegigworkersareclassifiedasindependentcontractorsratherthanemployees,whichallowscompaniestoavoidprovidingbenefitsandprotections.Thisclassificationcanleaveworkersvulnerabletounfairpractices,suchaslowpay,longworkinghours,andlackofaccesstolegalrecourse.”这表明在零工经济中，一些零工工作者被归类为独立承包商而不是雇员，这使公司能够避免提供福利和保护，使工人容易受到不公平行为的影响。15.Stepsthatcanbetakentoaddressthechallengesofthegigeconomyincludeimplementingnewlaborlaws,providingsupportforgigworkers,andpromotingthedevelopmentofalternativeworkarrangementsthatbalancetheneedsofworkersandbusinesses.解析思路：文章最后一段提出了解决零工经济挑战的建议，包括实施新的劳动法、为零工工作者提供支持，以及促进满足工人和企业需求的替代工作安排的发展。第四部分阅读理解16.Themainpurposeofmachinelearningistoenablemachinestolearnfromdataandimprovetheirperformanceovertime.解析思路：文章第二段解释了机器学习的目的，“Machinelearningalgorithmsareusedtoanalyzelargedatasets,identifypatterns,andmakepredictionsordecisionsbasedonthatdata.Thishasledtosignificantbreakthrough