2024年上海中考英语一模词汇拓展练习

2024年上海中考英语一模词汇拓展练习说明：本练习聚焦上海中考英语一模词汇考查核心，涵盖词形转换、固定搭配、语境填词三大题型，精选高频词汇及易错点，助力夯实词汇基础、提升应用能力。所有练习均附参考答案及解析。一、词形转换（每空1分，共20分）根据句意及所给单词的适当形式填空。The______(develop)ofAItechnologyhaschangedourdailylifegreatly.（2024徐汇一模改编）It's______(possible)forustofinishthetaskinsuchashorttimewithoutanyhelp.（2024浦东一模改编）Mygrandfatherhasbeen______(health)sincehestarteddoingmorningexerciseseveryday.（2024闵行一模改编）Thelittlegirlshowedgreat______(brave)whenshesavedherlittlebrotherfromthefire.（2024静安一模改编）Weshouldtreateveryonewith______(kind)andrespect.（2024杨浦一模改编）The______(science)madeanimportantdiscoveryaboutthenewenergysource.（2024虹口一模改编）It's______(use)toarguewithhimbecauseheneverlistenstoothers'opinions.（2024普陀一模改编）The______(hot)ofthesunmakespeoplefeeltiredinsummer.（2024长宁一模改编）TheteacherpraisedTomforhis______(honest)andhardwork.（2024嘉定一模改编）The______(nation)DayofChinaiscelebratedonOctober1steveryyear.（2024宝山一模改编）ShespeaksEnglish______(fluent)becauseshehaslivedinEnglandforfiveyears.（2024奉贤一模改编）The______(happy)onherfaceshowedthatshehadpassedtheexamsuccessfully.（2024金山一模改编）Weneedtotake______(act)toprotecttheenvironmentbeforeit'stoolate.（2024松江一模改编）The______(decide)hemadeyesterdaywasbasedoncarefulconsideration.（2024青浦一模改编）The______(music)playedabeautifulpieceofmusicattheconcertlastnight.（2024崇明一模改编）It's______(danger)toplaywithfireintheforest.（2024黄浦一模改编）The______(weigh)oftheboxis10kilograms.You'dbetterasksomeoneforhelp.（2024静安一模改编）Heisoneofthemost______(success)businessmeninourcity.（2024徐汇一模改编）The______(child)inthekindergartenareplayinggameshappily.（2024浦东一模改编）Weshouldlearntosolveproblems______(independent)insteadofaskingforhelpatonce.（2024闵行一模改编）二、固定搭配（每空1分，共15分）根据句意及所给提示，填入适当的单词，补全固定搭配。Weshouldpayattention______(介词)ourpronunciationwhenlearningEnglish.（2024杨浦一模改编）Myparentsoftenencourageme______(动词不定式符号)trymybesttoachievemydreams.（2024虹口一模改编）Theoldmanisused______(介词)gettingupearlyandtakingawalkinthepark.（2024普陀一模改编）It'stimeforus______(动词不定式符号)startthemeeting.Let'sgetready.（2024长宁一模改编）Thelittleboyisinterested______(介词)drawing.Hespendstwohoursoniteveryday.（2024嘉定一模改编）Wemuststoppeople______(介词)cuttingdowntoomanytrees.It'sbadfortheenvironment.（2024宝山一模改编）Sheisgood______(介词)singinganddancing.Shewantstobeasingerinthefuture.（2024奉贤一模改编）Mymotheroftenremindsme______(介词)lockthedoorbeforeIleavehome.（2024金山一模改编）Hedecided______(介词)giveupsmokingbecauseit'sharmfultohishealth.（2024松江一模改编）Thestudentsarelookingforward______(介词)thesummervacation.（2024青浦一模改编）Weshouldlearn______(介词)ourmistakesandnevermakethemagain.（2024崇明一模改编）Theteacheraskedustotakenotes______(介词)whathesaidinclass.（2024黄浦一模改编）It'skind______(介词)youtohelpmewithmyEnglishhomework.（2024静安一模改编）Thegirlisafraid______(介词)darkness.Shealwayssleepswiththelighton.（2024徐汇一模改编）Weneedtowait______(介词)thegreenlightbeforecrossingtheroad.（2024浦东一模改编）三、语境填词（每空1分，共15分）根据句意及首字母提示，填入适当的单词，使句子完整、通顺。Myfavorites______isEnglish.Ithinkit'sinterestinganduseful.（2024闵行一模改编）Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.Pleaseputonmorec______tokeepwarm.（2024静安一模改编）Myfatherusuallygoestoworkbybike,buts______hedriveshiscarwhenitrains.（2024徐汇一模改编）Weshouldkeepourclassroomcleanandt______everyday.（2024浦东一模改编）Thebookisveryi______.Ihavereadittwicealready.（2024杨浦一模改编）Mygrandparentsliveinthecountryside.Ivisitthemt______amonth.（2024虹口一模改编）Thelittlegirlcan'tfindhermother.Sheisc______loudlyinthesupermarket.（2024普陀一模改编）Weshouldsavewaterandelectricityinourd______life.（2024长宁一模改编）Thesummerholidayiscoming.Iplantogoonat______toBeijingwithmyfamily.（2024嘉定一模改编）Thestudentsarebusyp______forthecomingexam.（2024宝山一模改编）Mybestfriendgavemeabeautifulg______onmybirthday.Ilikeitverymuch.（2024奉贤一模改编）Thesunr______intheeastandsetsinthewest.（2024金山一模改编）Wemustfollowtheschoolr______whenweareatschool.（2024松江一模改编）Thelittleboyisverys______.Hecanworkoutthedifficultmathproblemquickly.（2024青浦一模改编）Therearemanydifferentkindsoff______inthegarden.Theyareverybeautiful.（2024崇明一模改编）参考答案及解析一、词形转换development解析：定冠词the后接名词，develop的名词形式为development（发展），为不可数名词。impossible解析：根据句意“没有帮助，我们不可能在这么短时间内完成任务”，possible的否定形式为impossible（不可能的）。healthy解析：be动词后接形容词作表语，health的形容词形式为healthy（健康的）。bravery解析：形容词great后接名词，brave的名词形式为bravery（勇敢），为不可数名词。kindness解析：介词with后接名词，kind的名词形式为kindness（善良），为不可数名词。scientist解析：定冠词the后接名词，此处指“科学家”，science的对应名词为scientist，由an可知用单数。useless解析：根据句意“和他争论没用，因为他从不听别人的意见”，use的否定形容词形式为useless（无用的）。heat解析：定冠词the后接名词，hot的名词形式为heat（热量），为不可数名词。honesty解析：形容词性物主代词his后接名词，honest的名词形式为honesty（诚实），为不可数名词。National解析：NationalDay为固定搭配“国庆节”，首字母需大写。fluently解析：修饰动词speaks需用副词，fluent的副词形式为fluently（流利地）。happiness解析：定冠词the后接名词，happy的名词形式为happiness（快乐），为不可数名词。action解析：takeaction为固定搭配“采取行动”，action为不可数名词。decision解析：定冠词the后接名词，decide的名词形式为decision（决定），由hemade可知用单数。musician解析：定冠词the后接名词，此处指“音乐家”，music的对应名词为musician，由the可知用单数。dangerous解析：it's+形容词+todosth为固定句型，danger的形容词形式为dangerous（危险的）。weight解析：定冠词the后接名词，weigh的名词形式为weight（重量），为不可数名词。successful解析：形容词最高级most后接形容词，success的形容词形式为successful（成功的）。children解析：由are可知主语为复数，child的复数形式为children（孩子们）。independently解析：修饰动词solve需用副词，independent的副词形式为independently（独立地）。二、固定搭配to解析：payattentionto为固定搭配“注意”。to解析：encouragesbtodosth为固定搭配“鼓励某人做某事”。to解析：beusedtodoingsth为固定搭配“习惯于做某事”。to解析：it'stimeforsbtodosth为固定句型“到某人做某事的时间了”。in解析：beinterestedin为固定搭配“对……感兴趣”。from解析：stopsbfromdoingsth为固定搭配“阻止某人做某事”。at解析：begoodat为固定搭配“擅长……”。to解析：remindsbtodosth为固定搭配“提醒某人做某事”。to解析：decidetodosth为固定搭配“决定做某事”。to解析：lookforwardto为固定搭配“期待……”，to为介词。from解析：learnfrom为固定搭配“从……中学习”。of解析：takenotesof为固定搭配“记录……”。of解析：it'skindofsbtodosth为固定句型“某人做某事真是太好了”。of解析：beafraidof为固定搭配“害怕……”。for解析：waitfor为固定搭配“等待……”。三、语境填词subject解析：根据句意“我最喜欢的科目是英语”，结合首字母s，可知填subject（科目）。clothes解析：根据句意“天气越来越冷，请多穿点衣服保暖”，结合首字母c，可知填clothes（衣服）。sometimes解析：根据句意“我爸爸通常骑自行车上班，但下雨时有时开车”，结合首字母s，可知填sometimes（有时）。tidy解析：根据句意“我们应该每天保持教