2025年英语专四专八考试阅读理解突破试卷：高效提升阅读能力

2025年英语专四专八考试阅读理解突破试卷：高效提升阅读能力考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______PartIVocabularyReadthefollowingsentencesandchoosethebestwordtofillineachblank.1.Despitetheinitial______,theprojectwaseventuallycompletedsuccessfully.A.obstacleB.promotionC.participationD.provision2.The______ofthenewpolicyaimstoreduceunemploymentandstimulateeconomicgrowth.A.intentionB.indicationC.implementationD.interpretation3.Herresearchpaperpresentsacomprehensive______ofthehistoricaldevelopmentoftheconcept.A.documentationB.descriptionC.discussionD.destruction4.Theoldbuilding,______foroveracentury,stillstandsproudlyinthecenterofthetown.A.neglectedB.constructingC.establishedD.celebrated5.Itiscrucialto______theculturaldifferencesbetweennationstofostermutualunderstanding.A.acknowledgeB.accelerateC.accompanyD.accompany6.Thenovelisnotedforits______style,whichcombinesvividimagerywithcomplexsentencestructures.A.simplisticB.sophisticatedC.superficialD.substantial7.Manycompaniesareinvestingheavilyinrenewableenergy______toreducetheircarbonfootprint.A.initiativesB.intentionsC.interactionsD.interruptions8.The______oftheexperimentprovedthatthehypothesiswasfundamentallyflawed.A.executionB.evaluationC.executionD.illustration9.Hedecidedto______hisstudiesabroadtobroadenhishorizons.A.pursueB.postponeC.promoteD.possess10.Thelocalgovernmentimplementedvarious______tomitigatetheimpactoftheflood.A.responsesB.precautionsC.consequencesD.remediesPartIIReadingComprehensionDirections:Beloweachpassage,thereareseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageOneTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)haspromptedextensivedebateregardingitssocietalimplications.ProponentsarguethatAItechnologieswillautomatemundanetasks,augmenthumancapabilities,anddrivesignificanteconomicgrowth.TheyenvisionafuturewhereAIassistsinmedicaldiagnosis,enhanceseducationaltools,andoptimizeslogisticaloperations,leadingtoincreasedefficiencyandimprovedqualityoflife.However,criticsraiselegitimateconcernsaboutpotentialjobdisplacement,theerosionofhumandecision-making,andtheexacerbationofexistinginequalities.TheconcentrationofAIdevelopmentanddeploymentinwealthynationscouldwidentheglobaldigitaldivide.Furthermore,ethicaldilemmassurroundingdataprivacy,algorithmicbias,andthepotentialformisuseofautonomoussystemsremainunresolved.Societymustnavigatethiscomplexlandscapethoughtfully,establishingrobustregulatoryframeworksandethicalguidelinestoensurethatAIdevelopsinamannerbeneficialandequitableforall.11.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A)ThepotentialeconomicbenefitsofAI.B)ThetechnicalchallengesofdevelopingAIsystems.C)ThesocietalimplicationsandethicalconsiderationsofAI.D)ThecurrentstateofAIdeploymentinwealthynations.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisaconcernraisedbycriticsofAI?A)AIwillleadtoautopiansociety.B)AIdevelopmentistooslow.C)AImightreplacehumanjobsandraiseethicalissues.D)AIwillprimarilybenefitdevelopingcountries.13.Theword"augment"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)diminishB)enhanceC)eliminateD)hinder14.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthecurrentdistributionofAI?A)Itisevenlyspreadacrossallcountries.B)Itisconcentratedinspecificregions.C)Itisprimarilyfocusedonmilitaryapplications.D)Itismainlyusedindevelopingcountries.15.Theauthorconcludesbyemphasizingtheneedfor:A)encouragingfasterAIdevelopment.B)reducingtheglobaldigitaldivide.C)thoughtfulregulationandethicalconsiderations.D)widespreadpublicacceptanceofAI.PassageTwoUrbanizationistransformingthegloballandscapeatanunprecedentedpace.Themigrationofpopulationsfromruralareastocitiesfuelstheexpansionofmetropolises,creatingbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Ononehand,citiesserveashubsforinnovation,commerce,andculturalexchange,offeringresidentsaccesstobetteremploymentprospects,healthcare,andeducationalresources.Theconcentrationofdiversepopulationscanfostercreativityandsocialprogress.Ontheotherhand,rapidurbanizationoftenstrainsinfrastructure,leadingtotrafficcongestion,housingshortages,andinadequatepublicservices.Environmentalpressuresmountascitiesconsumevastamountsofresourcesandgeneratesignificantpollution,contributingtoclimatechangeanddegradingairandwaterquality.Socialinequalitiescanalsobeexacerbatedwithinurbancenters,withdisparitiesinincome,accesstoopportunities,andlivingconditionsoftencreatingstarkdivisionsbetweendifferentcommunities.Managingthesemultifacetedchallengesrequirescomprehensiveurbanplanning,sustainabledevelopmentpractices,andinclusivepoliciesthataddresstheneedsofallcitydwellers.16.Whatistheprimaryfocusofthepassage?A)Thebenefitsofrurallifeovercitylife.B)Theenvironmentalimpactofruralpopulations.C)Theprocessesandconsequencesofurbanization.D)Thefailureofcityinfrastructureindevelopingnations.17.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomepositiveoutcomesofurbanization?A)Reducedpollutionandimprovedhealthcare.B)Increasedpopulationinruralareas.C)Betteremploymentandaccesstoresources.D)Enhancedinfrastructureandreducedinequality.18.Theword"strains"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)strengthensB)utilizesC)burdensD)enhances19.Whatissuedoesthepassagesuggestisaresultofcitiesconsumingvastresources?A)EconomicgrowthB)ClimatechangeC)PopulationincreaseD)Technologicaladvancement20.Whatdoestheauthorimplyisnecessaryforsuccessfulurbandevelopment?A)Restrictingpopulationmovementtoruralareas.B)Ignoringsocialinequalitieswithincities.C)Implementingsustainableandinclusivepolicies.D)Focusingsolelyoneconomicdevelopment.PassageThreeTheconceptof"culturalheritage"encompassesthetangibleandintangibleaspectsofasociety'shistoryandtraditions.Tangibleheritageincludesphysicalelementslikehistoricalbuildings,artifacts,monuments,andlandscapes,whichoftenserveaspowerfulsymbolsofculturalidentityandhistoricalcontinuity.Intangibleheritage,meanwhile,encompassespractices,performances,expressions,andknowledge,suchastraditionalcrafts,oralhistories,music,dance,rituals,andsocialcustoms.Preservingculturalheritageisvitalforseveralreasons.Itconnectsindividualstotheirroots,fostersasenseofbelongingandidentity,andprovidesvaluableinsightsintopastsocietiesandwaysoflife.Culturallysignificantsitesandtraditionsalsoattracttourism,contributingeconomicallytolocalcommunities.However,preservingheritagefacesnumerousthreatsinthemodernworld.Issueslikeurbandevelopment,naturaldegradation,climatechange,andglobalizationcanleadtothelossofuniqueculturalexpressionsandthedestructionofhistoricalsites.Furthermore,thecommercializationandexploitationofheritagecansometimesdiluteitsculturalsignificance.Effectiveheritagepreservationrequiresamultifacetedapproach,involvinggovernmentpolicies,communityparticipation,sustainabletourismpractices,andinternationalcooperationtoensurethatdiverseculturallegaciesaresafeguardedforfuturegenerations.21.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A)Theeconomicbenefitsoftourism.B)Thethreatsfacedbyhistoricalbuildings.C)Thedefinitionandimportanceofculturalheritage.D)Theroleofglobalizationinculturalpreservation.22.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanexampleofintangibleculturalheritage?A)AancienttempleB)AnationalparkC)TraditionalmusicanddanceD)Ahistoricaldocument23.Thepassagesuggeststhatpreservingculturalheritagecan:A)leadtoeconomicexploitation.B)causeconflictsbetweencommunities.C)strengthencommunityidentityandattracttourism.D)hindereconomicdevelopment.24.Whatdoesthepassageindicateasachallengetoheritagepreservation?A)Lackofgovernmentfunding.B)Naturaldegradationandclimatechange.C)Insufficienttourismdevelopment.D)Limitedcommunityinterest.25.Theword"safeguarded"inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)protectedB)appreciatedC)documentedD)commercialized试卷答案PartIVocabulary1.A解析：句意表示尽管有最初的“阻碍”，项目还是成功了。obstacle意为“障碍，阻碍”，符合语境。promotion“晋升”，participation“参与”，provision“供应，条款”，均不符合句意。2.C解析：句意表示新政策的“实施”旨在减少失业和刺激经济增长。implementation意为“实施，执行”，符合语境。intention“意图”，indication“指示，迹象”，interpretation“解释”，均不符合句意。3.B解析：句意表示她的研究论文全面“描述”了该概念的历史发展。description意为“描述”，符合语境。documentation“文献记录”，discussion“讨论”，destruction“破坏”，均不符合句意。4.A解析：句意表示这栋有上百年历史的旧建筑仍然傲然屹立在城镇中心，它一直被“忽视”。neglected意为“被忽视的”，符合语境。constructing“正在建造的”，established“已建立的”，celebrated“被庆祝的”，均不符合句意。5.A解析：句意表示认识到国家之间的文化差异对于培养相互理解至关重要。acknowledge意为“承认，认识到”，符合语境。accelerate“加速”，accompany“陪伴”，superficial“表面的”，均不符合句意。6.B解析：句意表示这部小说以其“复杂”的风格而闻名，这种风格结合了生动的意象和复杂的句式结构。sophisticated意为“复杂的，雅致的”，符合语境。simplistic“过于简单的”，superficial“表面的”，substantial“实质的，大量的”，均不符合句意。7.A解析：句意表示许多公司正在大力投资可再生能源“项目”以减少其碳足迹。initiatives意为“倡议，项目”，符合语境。intentions“意图”，interactions“互动”，interruptions“打扰”，均不符合句意。8.B解析：句意表示实验的“评估”证明假设从根本上是有缺陷的。evaluation意为“评估，评价”，符合语境。execution“执行”，illustration“说明”，consequences“后果”，均不符合句意。（注意：第7题和第8题选项B和D相同，此为模拟题可能存在的疏漏）9.A解析：句意表示他决定“追求”海外学习以开阔眼界。pursue意为“追求，从事”，符合语境。postpone“推迟”，promote“促进”，possess“拥有”，均不符合句意。10.B解析：句意表示地方政府实施了各种“预防措施”以减轻洪水的影响。precautions意为“预防措施”，符合语境。responses“回应”，consequences“后果”，remedies“补救方法”，均不符合句意。PartIIReadingComprehension11.C解析：文章首段提出AI的利弊争议，第二段分别阐述了支持者（经济、能力提升）和批评者（失业、伦理、不平等）的观点。第三段进一步讨论了数据隐私、算法偏见等伦理问题。故C选项“AI的社会影响和伦理考量”最能概括文章主旨。A选项只是支持者的观点之一，片面。B选项未在文章中明确提及技术挑战。D选项是批评者担忧的一点，但非全文主旨。12.C解析：根据第二段第二句“criticsraiselegitimateconcernsaboutpotentialjobdisplacement,theerosionofhumandecision-making,andtheexacerbationofexistinginequalities.”，批评者担心AI可能导致失业（jobdisplacement）、侵蚀人类决策能力（erosionofhumandecision-making）以及加剧现有不平等（exacerbationofexistinginequalities）。C选项“AI可能取代人类工作并引发伦理问题”准确概括了这些担忧。A选项“AI将带来乌托邦社会”是支持者的愿景。B选项“AI发展太慢”未提及。D选项“AI主要惠及发展中国家”与原文“concentration...inwealthynations”相反。13.B解析：句子所在语境是“AItechnologieswillaugmenthumancapabilities...”。augment意为“增强，扩大”。根据语境，AI旨在增强人类的能力。选项中，enhance意为“增强”，与augment意思最接近。diminish“减少”，eliminate“消除”，hinder“阻碍”，均与augment意思相反。14.B解析：根据第二段最后一句“TheconcentrationofAIdevelopmentanddeploymentinwealthynationscouldwidentheglobaldigitaldivide.”，AI的开发和部署集中在富裕国家，这可能导致全球数字鸿沟加剧。这表明AI的分布是集中的，而不是均匀的。concentrated意为“集中的”。evenlyspreadacrossallcountries“均匀分布在全球各国”。focusedinspecificregions“集中在特定地区”（原文是wealthynations，可以算特定地区，但concentrated更直接指集中性）。primarilyfocusedonmilitaryapplications“主要集中于军事应用”。mainlyusedindevelopingcountries“主要在发展中国家使用”（与原文相反）。15.C解析：文章最后一段指出社会必须“thoughtfully,establishingrobustregulatoryframeworksandethicalguidelines”来引导AI发展。这表明作者强调的是需要“周到的监管和伦理规范”。thoughtfulregulationandethicalconsiderations意为“周到的监管和伦理考量”，与C选项意思一致。encouragingfasterAIdevelopment“鼓励更快的AI发展”。reducingtheglobaldigitaldivide“减少全球数字鸿沟”。widespreadpublicacceptanceofAI“AI的广泛公众接受”。16.C解析：文章首段提到urbanization（城市化）及其影响，第二段分别论述了城市化的机遇（创新、机会等）和挑战（基础设施、环境、社会不平等）。第三段进一步讨论了城市化的其他方面。全文围绕城市化这一主题，探讨其过程和结果。benefitsofrurallifeovercitylife“农村生活优于城市生活的益处”。environmentalimpactofruralpopulations“农村人口的环境影响”。failureofcityinfrastructureindevelopingnations“发展中国家城市基础设施的失败”。17.C解析：根据第一段第二句“citiesserveashubsforinnovation,commerce,andculturalexchange,offeringresidentsaccesstobetteremploymentprospects,healthcare,andeducationalresources.”，城市作为创新、商业和文化交流的中心，为居民提供了更好的就业前景、医疗保健和教育资源。betteremploymentandaccesstoresources“更好的就业机会和资源获取途径”，与C选项意思一致。reducedpollutionandimprovedhealthcare“减少污染和改善医疗保健”。increasedpopulationinruralareas“农村人口增加”。enhancedinfrastructureandreducedinequality“基础设施增强和不平等减少”。18.C解析：句子所在语境是“rapidurbanizationoftenstrainsinfrastructure,leadingtotrafficcongestion,housingshortages,andinadequatepublicservices.”。strains在此意为“使strained；使负担过重；使紧张”。根据语境，快速城市化使基础设施负担过重。burdens意为“负担”，与strains意思相近。strengthens“加强”。utilizes“利用”。enhances“增强”。19.B解析：根据第二段第四句“Theenvironmentalpressuresmountascitiesconsumevastamountsofresourcesandgeneratesignificantpollution,contributingtoclimatechangeanddegradingairandwaterquality.”，城市消耗大量资源导致环境污染，进而导致气候变化。climatechange意为“气候变化”。economicgrowth“经济增长”。populationincrease“人口增加”。technologicaladvancement“技术进步”。20.C解析：文章最后一句指出，有效的遗产保护需要“governmentpolicies,communityparticipation,sustainabledevelopmentpractices,andinclusivepolicies”。这表明作者暗示成功城市化需要实施可持续和包容性的政策。implementingsustainableandinclusivepolicies“实施可持续和包容性政策”。restrictingpopulationmovementtoruralareas“限制人口迁往农村地区”。ignoringsocialinequalitieswithincities“忽视城市内部的社会不平等”。focusingsolelyoneconomicdevelopment“仅关注经济发展”。21.C解析：文章首段定义了有形和无形文化遗产，并指出保护文化遗产的重要性（连接根源、身份认同、历史见解、经济贡献）。第二段讨论了保护面临的威胁（城市发展、自然退化、气候变化、全球化）。第三段总结保护需要多方面方法。全文围绕文化遗产的定义、重要性及保护问题展开。definitionandimportanceofculturalheritage“文化遗产的定义及其重要性”。threatsfacedbyhistoricalbuildings“历史建筑面临的威胁”。roleofglobalizationincultura