2026年英语能力测试托福考试模拟试题及解析

2026年英语能力测试：托福考试模拟试题及解析阅读部分（40分钟，36题，每题1分）题型1：阅读理解（10题，10分）Instructions:Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionbasedonthepassage.1.Passage:Theriseofrenewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowerhassignificantlyreducedcarbonemissionsinmanydevelopedcountriesoverthepastdecade.However,expertswarnthatthesesourcesareintermittent,meaningtheydependheavilyonweatherconditions.Toensureastableenergysupply,governmentsmustinvestinenergystoragetechnologies,suchasbatteriesandpumpedhydrostorage.Withoutsuchsolutions,thetransitiontocleanerenergycouldfacesetbacks.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A)Renewableenergyhasledtolowercarbonemissions.B)Solarandwindpowerareunreliableduetoweatherdependency.C)Energystoragetechnologiescanhelpstabilizepowergrids.D)Developedcountrieshavefullyeliminatedcarbonemissions.2.Passage:InancientEgypt,theNileRiverplayedacrucialroleinshapingthecivilization.Itsannualfloodingdepositedfertilesoil,allowingforagriculture.TheEgyptiansbuiltsophisticatedirrigationsystemstocontrolwaterflow,whichfurtherboostedcropyields.However,climatechangehasalteredtheNile’spatterninrecentyears,leadingtobothdroughtsandexcessiveflooding.Modernresearchersarestudyingwaystoadapttothesechanges.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A)TheNileRiverhasalwayscausednaturaldisastersinEgypt.B)AncientEgyptianagriculturereliedheavilyontheNile’sflooding.C)ClimatechangehasmadetheNile’smanagementmorechallenging.D)Modernirrigationtechniquesaresuperiortoancientones.3.Passage:TheGreatBarrierReef,locatedoffthecoastofAustralia,istheworld’slargestcoralreefsystem.Scientistshaveobservedadeclineinitshealthduetorisingseatemperaturesandoceanacidification.Thesechangeshavecausedcoralbleaching,aphenomenonwherecoralslosetheircolorandeventuallydie.Conservationefforts,includingstricterpollutioncontrolsandmarineprotectedareas,areunderwaytoprotectthereef.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheGreatBarrierReef?A)Itisnotaffectedbyenvironmentalchanges.B)Itsdeclineisprimarilyduetopollution.C)Itfacesthreatsfromclimatechange.D)Itcanrecoveronitsownwithouthumanintervention.题型2：句子填空（10题，10分）Instructions:Completeeachsentencebyselectingthebestoptionfromthechoicesprovided.4.Thecompany’sdecisiontoexpandintoAsia______duetothegrowingdemandforitsproductsintheregion.A)wasforcedB)hasbeendrivenC)willbecausedD)shouldbemade5.Despitetheeconomicdownturn,thetechindustry______asteadygrowthrateinthepasttwoyears.A)hasmaintainedB)wasexperiencingC)willcontinueD)hadshown6.Thestudysuggeststhatregularexercise______toimprovedmentalhealthandreducedstresslevels.A)contributesB)relatesC)belongsD)leads7.Thenewmuseum______lastyearandhassinceattractedthousandsofvisitors.A)openedB)wasopeningC)hasopenedD)willopen8.Ifthegovernment______morefundingforeducation,schoolswouldbeabletoimprovetheirfacilities.A)providesB)providedC)providingD)hasprovided9.Thenovel’splot______complexandengaging,makingitabestseller.A)isB)areC)wasD)were10.Theathlete’sperformance______duringthecompetitionduetoaninjury.A)declinedB)haddeclinedC)declinesD)hasdeclined题型3：段落填空（10题，10分）Instructions:Completethepassagebyselectingthebestoptionforeachblank.Lastyear,thecitycouncil______(11)toaddresstheissueoftrafficcongestion.______(12),theyproposedbuildinganewsubwaylinetoreducerelianceoncars.However,theproject______(13)significantoppositionfromlocalresidentsconcernedaboutpropertyvalues.Thecouncil______(14)torevisetheplan,butthedelayhasfrustratedmanycommuters.Environmentalistsarguethatthesubwaywould______(15)pollutionandimproveairquality.Intheend,thecity______(16)toproceedwiththeconstruction,despitethechallenges.Criticssaytheproject______(17)becompletedby2028,butthetimelineremainsuncertain.11.A)decidedB)wasdecidingC)hasdecidedD)woulddecide12.A)ThereforeB)HoweverC)MoreoverD)Nevertheless13.A)facedB)hasfacedC)facedD)willface14.A)didB)haddoneC)hadbeendoingD)hasdone15.A)decreaseB)decreasesC)decreaseD)willdecrease16.A)decidedB)hasdecidedC)decidedD)woulddecide17.A)shouldB)mustC)canD)will题型4：主旨大意（6题，6分）Instructions:Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionbasedonthepassage.Passage:TheIndustrialRevolutiontransformedsocietiesbyintroducingmachineryandmassproduction.Whileitbroughteconomicgrowth,italsoledtourbanization,pollution,andpoorworkingconditions.Labormovementsemergedtodemandbetterrightsforworkers,includingshorterhoursandsaferenvironments.Overtime,governmentsimplementedregulationstomitigatethenegativeimpacts.Today,thelegacyoftheIndustrialRevolutioncontinuestoshapemoderneconomies,remindingusoftheneedforsustainabledevelopment.18.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A)Thebenefitsofurbanization.B)TheeffectsoftheIndustrialRevolution.C)Theroleoflabormovements.D)Governmentregulationsinthe19thcentury.19.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasamajornegativeconsequenceoftheIndustrialRevolution?A)Economicdecline.B)Improvedlivingstandards.C)Pollutionandpoorworkingconditions.D)Increasedruralpopulations.20.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutlabormovements?A)TheywereunnecessaryduringtheIndustrialRevolution.B)Theyplayedaroleinimprovingworkerconditions.C)Theywereonlyactiveindevelopedcountries.D)Theywerequicklysuppressedbygovernments.21.Whatistheauthor’stonetowardtheIndustrialRevolution?A)CriticalB)NeutralC)SupportiveD)Indifferent22.Whatdoesthepassageimplyaboutmoderneconomies?A)TheyhavenoconnectiontotheIndustrialRevolution.B)Theystillfacesimilarchallengestoday.C)Theyareentirelydifferentfrom19th-centuryindustries.D)Theyprioritizesustainabledevelopment.23.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A)Theintroductionofmachinery.B)Theriseoflaborunions.C)Thegovernment’sroleinregulation.D)Thedeclineofruralpopulations.听力部分（20分钟，30题，每题1分）Note:Thissectiondoesnotincludeactuallisteningpassages.Instead,questionsarebasedontypicallisteningtasks.题型1：讲座理解（10题，10分）Instructions:Youwillhearalecture.Choosethebestanswertoeachquestion.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthelecture?A)ThehistoryoftheGreatWall.B)Theconstructiontechniquesofancientwalls.C)TheculturalsignificanceoftheGreatWall.D)TheeconomicimpactoftourismontheGreatWall.2.Accordingtothespeaker,whywastheGreatWallbuilt?A)Toprotectagainstinvasions.B)Todisplaytheemperor’spower.C)Toimprovetradewithneighboringcountries.D)Toserveasatransportationroute.3.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheGreatWall’sconstruction?A)Itwasbuiltbyasingleruler.B)Itinvolvedlaborfrommillionsofworkers.C)Itwascompletedinashortperiod.D)Itwasprimarilybuiltwithmoderntechnology.4.Whatisthespeaker’sopinionabouttheGreatWall’spreservation?A)Itshouldbeleftinitsnaturalstate.B)Itneedsmoregovernmentfunding.C)Itisnotworthpreserving.D)Itshouldberebuiltusingmodernmaterials.5.WhatexampledoesthespeakerusetoillustratetheGreatWall’sculturalimportance?A)AfamouspoemabouttheWall.B)AhistoricalbattlefoughtneartheWall.C)AmodernmoviefeaturingtheWall.D)AstudyonWalltourism.6.WhatchallengedoestheGreatWallfacetoday?A)Itistoolongtomaintain.B)Itattractstoomanytourists.C)Partsofithavebeendamagedbyweather.D)Itisnolongerrelevanttomodernsociety.7.WhatdoesthespeakersuggestforthefutureoftheGreatWall?A)Itshouldbefullyrestored.B)Itshouldbeturnedintoathemepark.C)Itshouldbepreservedasahistoricalsite.D)Itshouldberebuiltforeducationalpurposes.8.Whatisthespeaker’smainconcernabouttourism?A)ItdamagestheWall’sstructure.B)Itreducesculturalunderstanding.C)Itincreasesgovernmentrevenue.D)Itattractsthewrongkindofvisitors.9.Whatevidencedoesthespeakerusetosupportherargument?A)InterviewswithworkerswhobuilttheWall.B)StudiesonWalltourismtrends.C)Governmentreportsonpreservationefforts.D)HistoricaldocumentsabouttheWall’sconstruction.10.Whatisthespeaker’sfinalmessage?A)TheGreatWallisasymbolofChinesestrength.B)TheGreatWallshouldbestudiedmore.C)TheGreatWallneedsbetterprotection.D)TheGreatWallisnotworthvisiting.题型2：校园生活（10题，10分）Instructions:Youwillhearaconversationaboutcampuslife.Choosethebestanswertoeachquestion.1.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A)Courseregistration.B)Librarypolicies.C)Campusevents.D)Studenthousing.2.Whatproblemdoesthestudentface?A)Shecan’tfindaquietplacetostudy.B)Sheisunsureabouthermajor.C)Shelostherlibrarycard.D)Shecannotaffordrent.3.Whatsolutiondoestheprofessorsuggest?A)Usetheonlinelibrary.B)Joinastudygroup.C)Movetoaquieterdorm.D)Applyforascholarship.4.Whatdoestheprofessorrecommendforthestudent’sschedule?A)Takefewerclasses.B)Studyduringtheday.C)Usethelibrary’slate-nighthours.D)Skipsomelectures.5.Whatisthestudent’sopinionaboutthelibrary?A)Itistoocrowded.B)Ithaspoorresources.C)Itisnothelpfulforher.D)Itisclosedatnight.6.Whatdoestheprofessorsayaboutcampusevents?A)Theyarenotworthattending.B)Theyareonlyforfreshmen.C)Theycanhelpwithnetworking.D)Theytaketoomuchtime.7.Whatadvicedoestheprofessorgiveabouttimemanagement?A)Prioritizesocialactivities.B)Avoidstudyinglateatnight.C)Useaplanner.D)Focusononetaskatatime.8.Whatdoesthestudentsayaboutherclasses?A)Theyaretooeasy.B)Theyaretoodifficult.C)Theyaretooboring.D)Theyaretooshort.9.Whatistheprofessor’ssuggestionforthestudent’sfuture?A)Attendtutoringsessions.B)Joinaclub.C)Talktoacareercounselor.D)Dropsomeclasses.10.Whatisthestudent’sfinalplan?A)Shewillstayinthelibrarylate.B)Shewilltakeabreakfromstudying.C)Shewilljoinastudygroup.D)Shewillswitchmajors.题型3：科学实验（10题，10分）Instructions:Youwillhearadiscussionaboutascientificstudy.Choosethebestanswertoeachquestion.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthediscussion?A)Climatechangeeffects.B)Plantgrowthexperiments.C)Soilcompositionresearch.D)Agriculturaltechnology.2.Whatproblemdoestheresearcherface?A)Plantsarenotgrowingwell.B)Thelabequipmentisoutdated.C)Thereisnotenoughfunding.D)Thestudyresultsareinconclusive.3.Whatsolutiondoesthecolleaguesuggest?A)Changethegrowingconditions.B)Usedifferentsoiltypes.C)Increasethebudget.D)Replicatetheexperiment.4.Whatistheresearcher’sopinionaboutthecurrentexperiment?A)Itisgoingwell.B)Itneedsmoretime.C)Itisawasteofresources.D)Itisimpossibletocomplete.5.Whatdatadoestheresearchermention?A)Temperaturereadings.B)SoilpHlevels.C)Plantheightmeasurements.D)Weatherforecasts.6.Whatdoesthecolleaguesuggestforimprovingtheexperiment?A)Addmoreplants.B)Adjustthelightexposure.C)Changetheresearchtopic.D)Useadifferentlab.7.Whatistheresearcher’splanforthenextstep?A)Submittheresults.B)Modifytheexperiment.C)Askformorefunding.D)Publishthefindings.8.Whatchallengedotheydiscussaboutthestudy?A)Thelackoflabspace.B)Theunpredictableweather.C)Thecomplexityofthedata.D)Theslowgrowthofplants.9.Whatdoesthecolleaguesayabouttheresearch’simportance?A)Ithasnopracticaluse.B)Itcouldbenefitagriculture.C)Itisonlyforacademicpurposes.D)Itistooriskytopursue.10.Whatistheresearcher’sfinaldecision?A)Theywillstoptheexperiment.B)Theywillcontinuewithmodifications.C)Theywillseekadditionalfunding.D)Theywillabandontheproject.写作部分（50分钟，2题，共25分）题型1：独立写作（8分）Instructions:Writeanessayinwhichyouarguefororagainstthefollowingstatement:"GovernmentsshouldspendmoremoneyonspaceexplorationthanonsolvingproblemsonEarth."Outline:1.Introduction(stateyourposition)2.BodyParagraph1(advantagesofspaceexploration)3.BodyParagraph2(disadvantagesofspendingtoomuchonspace)4.BodyParagraph3(alternativestospaceexploration)5.Conclusion(summarizeyourargument)SampleAnswer(OutlineOnly):Introduction:GovernmentsshouldprioritizesolvingEarth’sproblemsoverspaceexplorationbecausemanyurgentissues,suchaspovertyandclimatechange,demandimmediateattention.BodyParagraph1:Spaceexplorationbenefitshumanityinthelongrunbyadvancingtechnologyandinspiringinnovation.Forexample,satellitetechnologyhasimprovedcommunicationandweatherforecasting.BodyParagraph2:SpendingexcessivemoneyonspaceexplorationcandivertresourcesfromcriticalEarth-relatedchallenges.Poverty,healthcare,andeducationrequireurgentfunding.BodyParagraph3:Insteadoffocusingsolelyonspace,governmentsshouldinvestinrenewableenergy,education,andsocialwelfareprogramstoaddressimmediatehumanneeds.Conclusion:Whilespaceexplorationhasitsmerits,itshouldnotovershadowpressingEarth-boundissues.Abalancedapproachtofundingisnecessary.题型2：综合写作（17分）Instructions:Readapassageandlistentoalectureonthesametopic.Thenwriteanessaycomparingandcontrastingthepointsmadeinthepassageandthelecture.Passage:Astudysuggeststhatcitieswithmoregreenspaces,suchasparksandgardens,havelowercrimerates.Thereasoningisthatgreenareasreducestressandpromotecommunitycohesion.Lecture:Aprofessordisagrees,arguingthatthestudyoverlooksotherfactors,suchaseconomicconditionsandlawenforcement.Shepointsoutthatcitieswithhigherincomesandbetterpolicingalsohavelowercrimerates,regardlessofgreenspaces.Outline:1.Introduction(summarizebothviews)2.BodyParagraph1(passage’sargument:greenspacesreducecrime)3.BodyParagraph2(lecture’scounterpoint:otherfactorsmattermore)4.BodyParagraph3(comparison:bothagreeoncommunitybenefits)5.Conclusion(summarizedifferencesandsimilarities)SampleAnswer(OutlineOnly):Introduction:Thepassageclaimsthatgreenspacesreducecrime,whilethelecturechallengesthisbyemphasizingeconomicandpolicingfactors.BodyParagraph1:Thepassagearguesthatparksandgardenslowercrimebyimprovingmentalhealthandsocialbonds.Studiesshowthatneighborhoodswithmoregreenareashavefewerincidents.BodyParagraph2:Thelecturecountersthatgreenspacesarenottheprimarycauseoflowercrime.Shecitesexampleswherecitieswithhighincomesandstrictlawenforcementalsohavelowcrimerates.BodyParagraph3:Bothagreethatgreenspacescanfostercommunityspirit,butthelecturebelievesthiseff