2026届高三英语二轮复习讲义：第2部分　阅读能力突破篇　专题1　阅读理解　类型2　体裁破解　第5讲　新闻报道

第5讲新闻报道新闻报道一般突出新闻性，作者要避免对该新闻事件进行主观判断和评价。新闻报道的内容真实、新鲜、及时，趣味可读，时效性强。第一句往往为全文的中心句，下文要叙述事件的过程和细节。新闻报道的一些常用语包括：Itisreportedthat...，Asisreported...，Accordingtothereport...，Itisestimatedthat...等，时态一般用过去时，语言客观平实，往往没有过分花哨的词汇和过于复杂的句型。●辨明题类新闻报道主要是提供事实信息，一般是简单叙述事件发生的五要素及各方反应，很少探究事件背后的原因。因此，做题时要关注新闻报道的结构和细节，题型主要为观点推断题、考查语篇衔接、推断某一特定词或者短语的指代内容或主旨归纳题。●技法点拨1．研读导语：首段通常是导语，说明文章的中心人物或事件，即文章的主题。2．直击题干：判断题目类型，找出定位词。3．定位信息：根据定位词，在原文中找出关键句，对照选项确定答案。●真题体验(2023·浙江1月卷·阅读理解C)Amachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess,itcanalsooutperformyouindebate.Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel'sformernationaldebatingchampion.Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.Suchwrinkleswillnodoubtbeironedout,yettheyalsopointtoafundamentalproblem.AsKristianHammond,professorofelectricalengineeringandcomputerscienceatNorthwesternUniversity,putit:“There'sneverastageatwhichthesystemknowswhatit'stalkingabout.”WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.Acomputerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant.Humans,inthinking,talking,readingandwriting,alsoworkwithsymbols.Butforhumans,meaningiseverything.Whenwecommunicate,wecommunicatemeaning.Whatmattersisnotjusttheoutsideofastringofsymbols,buttheinsidetoo,notjusthowtheyarearrangedbutwhattheymean.Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofcomputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads.Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsandsocialrelations.Itisthisthatdistinguisheshumansfrommachines.Andthat'swhy,howeverastonishingProjectDebatermayseem,thetraditionthatbeganwithSocratesandConfuciuswillnotendwithartificialintelligence.28．WhydoestheauthormentionNoaOvadiainthefirstparagraph?A．Toexplaintheuseofasoftwareprogram. B．ToshowtheclevernessofProjectDebater.C．TointroducethedesignerofProjectDebater. D．Toemphasizethefairnessofthecompetition.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wrinkles”inparagraph2referto?A．Arguments. B．Doubts.C．Errors. D．Differences.30．WhatisProjectDebaterunabletodoaccordingtoHammond?A．Createrules. B．Comprehendmeaning.C．Talkfluently. D．Identifydifficultwords.31．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Socialinteractioniskeytounderstandingsymbols. B．Thehumanbrainhaspotentialyettobedeveloped.C．Ancientphilosopherssetgoodexamplesfordebaters. D．Artificialintelligenceensureshumansabrightfuture.【解题示范】第一步：浏览全文，把握主旨大意：本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为ProjectDebater的软件程序。第二步：细审题干，定位原文：第28小题：根据题干主要信息，定位第一段。第29小题：根据题干主要信息，定位第二段。第30小题：根据题干主要信息，定位倒数第二段。第31小题：根据题干主要信息，定位最后一段。第三步：仔细对比选项和原文信息，继而找出答案。在文中找到信息区间后，再仔细对比各选项，确定答案。28．推理判断题。根据第一段“Lastweek,inapublicdebateinSanFrancisco,asoftwareprogramcalledProjectDebaterbeatitshumanopponents,includingNoaOvadia,Israel'sformernationaldebatingchampion.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为ProjectDebater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军NoaOvadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到NoaOvadia的目的是展示ProjectDebater的聪明。故选B。29．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Brilliantthoughitis,ProjectDebaterhassomeweaknesses.Ittakessentencesfromitslibraryofdocumentsandprebuiltargumentsandstringsthemtogether.Thiscanleadtothekindsoferrorsnohumanwouldmake.(尽管ProjectDebater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“willnodoubtbeironedout(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，画线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”。故选C。30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“WhatHammondisreferringtoisthequestionofmeaning,andmeaningiscentraltowhatdistinguishestheleastintelligentofhumansfromthemostintelligentofmachines.Acomputerworkswithsymbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofrulestotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsmean.Indeed,toacomputer,meaningisirrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，ProjectDebater不能理解意义。故选B。31．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Meaningemergesthroughaprocessofsocialinteraction,notofcomputation,interactionthatshapesthecontentofthesymbolsinourheads.Therulesthatassignmeaninglienotjustinsideourheads,butalsooutside,insociety,insocialmemory,socialconventionsandsocialrelations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于外面，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。A(2025·浙江省衢州、丽水、湖州三地市高三二模)Astheproverbsays,astrawshowswhichwaythewindblows.AnewstudypublishedbytheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)showsthattheH5N1birdfluvirusisprobablycirculatingundetectedindomesticanimalsinmanypartsofthecountryandmaybeinfectingunawarevets(兽医)．Inthehealthagency'sMorbidityandMortalityWeeklyReport,agroupofresearchersfromtheCDC,theOhioDepartmentofHealthandtheAmericanAssociationofBovinePractitionersreportedtheresultsofanalysistheyconductedon150cowvetsfrom46statesandCanada.TheyfoundthatthreeofthemhadantibodiesfortheH5N1birdfluvirusintheirblood.However,noneoftheinfectedvetsrecalledhavinganysymptoms,includingconjunctivitis,orpinkeye,themostcommonlyreportedsymptominhumancases.SeemaLakdawala,amicrobiologistatEmoryUniversityinAtlanta,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,saidshewassurprisedthatonly2%ofthevetssurveyedtestedpositivefortheantibodies,consideringanotherCDCstudyshowedthat17%ofdairyworkerssampledhadbeeninfected.Butshesaidshewasevenmoresurprisedthatnoneofthemhadknowntheywereinfectedorthattheyhadworkedwithinfectedanimals.“Thesesurprisingresultsindicatethatserumsurveillance(血清检测)studiesareimportanttoinformriskofinfectionsthataregoingunnoticed，”shesaid.“Vetsareonthefrontlineoftheoutbreak,andincreasedbiosafetypracticeslikerespiratoryandeyeprotectionshouldreducetheirexposurerisk.”JenniferNuzzo,directorofthePandemicCenteratBrownUniversity,describedthestudyas“goodandbadnewsstudy”．“Ontheonehand,weseeconcerningevidencethattheremaybemoreH5N1outbreaksonfarmsthanbeingreported，”shesaid,“Ontheotherhand,I'mreassuredthatthereisn'tevidencethatinfectionsamongvetshavebeenwidespread.”However,JohnKorslund,aU.S.DepartmentofAgriculturescientist,saidthatfindingH5N1antibodiesinthebloodofvetswasan“interestingbutveryimprecisewaytomeasurestatecattleincidence,soweneedfollow-upstudy”．1．Whyistheproverbinparagraphlmentioned?A．Todescribeafact. B．Tointroducethestudy.C．Toexplainanissue. D．Topresentanopinion.2．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．Thefindingsoftheanalysis. B．Thesymptomsofthevets.C．ThecausesofH5N1birdflu. D．Thebasiclogicofthestudy.3．WhatsurprisedSeemaLakdawalathemost?A．Theinfectedvets'unawarenessoftheissue. B．The17%infectionrateamongdairyworkers.C．Thehighnumberofpositivetestresultsinvets. D．Theriskofunrecognizedinfectionsincowsandvets.4．Whataspectshouldbeimprovedinthefollow-upstudy?A．Thesizeofthetestedgroup. B．Theindividualsamples.C．Thedataanalysisprocedure. D．Themeasuringmethod.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了CDC研究发现，H5N1禽流感病毒可能在未被发现的情况下传播。1．B写作意图题。根据第一段中“AnewstudypublishedbytheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)showsthattheH5N1birdfluvirusisprobablycirculatingundetectedindomesticanimalsinmanypartsofthecountryandmaybeinfectingunawarevets(兽医)．”可知，第一段提到谚语是为了引出这项关于H5N1禽流感病毒的研究。2．A段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，第二段主要介绍了这项分析的研究结果。3．A细节理解题。根据第三段中“Butshesaidshewasevenmoresurprisedthatnoneofthemhadknowntheywereinfectedorthattheyhadworkedwithinfectedanimals.”可知，让SeemaLakdawala最惊讶的是被感染的兽医没有意识到这个问题。4．D细节理解题。根据最后一段“However,JohnKorslund,aU.S.DepartmentofAgriculturescientist,saidthatfindingH5N1antibodiesinthebloodofvetswasan‘interestingbutveryimprecisewaytomeasurestatecattleincidence,soweneedfollow-upstudy’．”可知，后续研究应改进的是测量方法。B(2025·重庆市九龙坡区高三二模)AnewstudyoflunarsamplescollectedbyChina'sChang'e-6missionhasconfirmedthatthemoonwasoncecoveredby“magma(岩浆)ocean”initsearlystages.Thisdiscoveryprovidesimportantevidenceforunderstandingthemoon'soriginandevolution(进化)．Thestudy,ledbyateamfromtheChinaNationalSpaceAdministration(CNSA),waspublishedinthejournalScience.In2024,Chang'e-6successfullycollected1,935.3gramsoflunarmaterialfromthefarsideofthemoon,markingthefirsttimehumanshaveobtainedsamplesfromthisregion.Researchersanalyzedbasalt,atypeofvolcanicrock,fromthesamplesandfoundthatthecompositionofbasaltonthefarsideissimilartothatonthenearside.Thebasaltisabout2.82billionyearsold,supportingthelunarmagmaoceanmodel.Thismodelsuggeststhatthemoonwasonceentirelymelted,formingaglobalmagmaocean.Asitcooled,lightermineralsrosetoformthemoon'ssurface,whileheaviermineralssanktoformthecoveringlayers.ThestudyalsorevealedthattheimpactthatcreatedtheSouthPole-Aitken(SPA)Basin,themoon'slargestandoldestbasin,mayhavechangedthemoon'searlylayers.Additionally,theleadisotope(同位素)pathsinbasaltfromthefarandnearsidesaredifferent,indicatingthatdifferentpartsofthemoongraduallychangedanddevelopedintodifferentformsafterthemagmaoceancooled.Theresearchteamplanstofurtherstudythemoon'searlyimpacthistoryandhopestofindmaterialsfromthemoon'slayers.Understandingthemoon'spastcanalsohelpscientistslearnmoreaboutEarth'searlyhistory,whichmusthavebeenconnectedwiththeearth'slayeractivities.CNSAemphasizeditscommitmenttoadvancinglunarresearchandsharingfindingswiththeinternationalcommunity.Thisstudynotonlydeepensourunderstandingofthemoonbutalsoopensnewpossibilitiesforexploringthesolarsystem'shistory.5．Whatisthemainfocusofthestudy?A．Earth'sorigin. B．Moon'shistory.C．Moon'sminerals. D．Solarsystemformation.6．WhatisthesignificanceofChang'e-6'sfindingin2024?A．Itfirstwitnessedhumanscollectedlunarsamples.B．Itinitiallydiscoveredtheoriginofthemoonclearly.C．Itprovedtheexistenceof“magmaocean”onthemoon.D．ItconfirmedtheimpactoftheSouthPole-AitkenBasin.7．Whatistheresearchteamlikelytodonext?A．Todeepenunderstandingthemoon'spast. B．Tofindmaterialsfromtheearth'slayers.C．Torevealthequickshiftofsolarsystem. D．Toanalyzethehistoryof“magmaocean”．8．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Chang'e-6：ASuccessfulLunarMissionB．LunarMagmaOcean：ANewDiscoveryC．TheEvolutionoftheMoon：AComprehensiveStudyD．LunarSamples：UnlockingtheSecretsoftheSolarSystem【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国嫦娥六号任务采集的月球样本研究，证实了月球早期存在“岩浆海洋”。5．B细节理解题。根据第一段“AnewstudyoflunarsamplescollectedbyChina'sChang'e-6missionhasconfirmedthatthemoonwasoncecoveredby‘magma(岩浆)ocean’initsearlystages.Thisdiscoveryprovidesimportantevidenceforunderstandingthemoon'soriginandevolution(进化)．”可知，研究的主要焦点是月球的历史。6．C细节理解题。根据第一段“AnewstudyoflunarsamplescollectedbyChina'sChang'e-6missionhasconfirmedthatthemoonwasoncecoveredby‘magma(岩浆)ocean’initsearlystages.”可知，嫦娥六号2024年的发现证明了月球上“岩浆海洋”的存在。7．A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Theresearchteamplanstofurtherstudythemoon'searlyimpacthistoryandhopestofindmaterialsfromthemoon'slayers.”可知，研究团队接下来可能会研究月球早期的撞击历史，加深对月球过去的理解。8．B标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“AnewstudyoflunarsamplescollectedbyChina'sChang'e-6missionhasconfirmedthatthemoonwasoncecoveredby‘magma(岩浆)ocean’initsearlystages.”可知，本文主要介绍了关于月球“岩浆海洋”的新发现，因此最好的标题是“月球岩浆海洋：一项新发现”。C(2025·安徽省“江南十校”高三一模)ADutchmuseumhasrecoveredanartworkthatlooksliketwoemptybeercansafterastaffmemberaccidentallythrewitintherubbishbin.Thework,entitledAlltheGoodTimesWeSpentTogetherbytheFrenchartistAlexandreLavet,appearsonfirstglancetobetwoabandonedanddented(瘪的)beertins.However,acloserlookshowstheyarecarefullyhand-paintedandrequiredalotoftimeandefforttocreate.Theirartisticvaluewaslostonamechanic,whosawthemdisplayedinaliftandthrewtheminthebin.Thecurator(馆长)ElisahvandenBerghreturnedfromashortbreakandnoticedthecanshaddisappeared.Sherecoveredthemfromabinbagjustastheywereabouttobethrownout.FroukjeBudding,oftheLAMmuseuminLisse,westernNetherlands,saidartworkswereoftenleftinunusualplaces—hencethedisplayinalift.“Wetrytosurprisevisitorsforallthetime，”shesaid.“Wehavenowputtheworkinamoretraditionalplaceonaplinth(底座)soitcanrestafteritsadventure.”Shestressedtherewerenohardfeelingstowardsthemechanic,whohadjuststartedatthemuseum,statingthathewassimplyperforminghisduties.SietskevanZanten,themuseum'sdirector,emphasizedthemuseum'smissiontoencouragevisitorstoseeeverydayobjectsinanewlight.“Bydisplayingartworksinunexpectedplaces,weenhancethisexperienceandkeepvisitorsontheirtoes，”headded.Buddingalsonotedthecanswereunlikelytostayontheirtraditionalplinthforlongandthattheyneededtothinkhardaboutacarefulplacetoputthemnext.9．Whydidthemechanicthrowtheartworkintherubbishbin?A．Becauseitstoodintheway. B．Becauseittookmuchspace.C．Becauseitlookedlikerealtrash. D．Becauseitlookedstrangeinthelift.10．WhatwasBudding'sattitudetowardthemechanic'sbehavior?A．Understanding. B．Concerned.C．Critical. D．Unforgiving.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinparagraph4mean?A．Makevisitorsreadyforsurprises. B．Remindvisitorsofdangers.C．Warnvisitorsnottolitter. D．Showvisitorsaroundthemuseum.12．Whatmighthappentotheartworkinthefuture?A．Itwillbekeptinasafe. B．Itwillbeputinaselectedplace.C．Itwillbesentbacktothelift. D．Itwillbeplacedinatraditionalsetting.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述荷兰某博物馆一件形似两个空啤酒罐的艺术品被误当垃圾丢弃，后经找回并重新考虑其展示位置的故事。同时介绍了博物馆在艺术品展示方面的理念。9．C细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thework,entitledAlltheGoodTimesWeSpentTogetherbytheFrenchartistAlexandreLavet,appearsonfirstglancetobetwoabandonedanddented(瘪的)beertins.However,acloserlookshowstheyarecarefullyhand-paintedandrequiredalotoftimeandefforttocreate.Theirartisticvaluewaslostonamechanic,whosawthemdisplayedinaliftandthrewtheminthebin.”可知，法国艺术家AlexandreLavet的这件作品乍一看像是两个被遗弃且瘪掉的啤酒罐，机械师没有意识到其艺术价值，所以把它当作垃圾扔掉了。也就是说，机械师把艺术品扔进垃圾桶是因为它看起来像真正的垃圾。10．A观点态度题。根据第三段中“FroukjeBudding,oftheLAMmuseuminLisse,westernNetherlands,saidartworkswereoftenleftinunusualplaces—hencethedisplayinalift.”和“Shestressedtherewerenohardfeelingstowardsthemechanic,whohadjuststartedatthemuseum,statingthathewassimplyperforminghisduties.”可知，Budding强调对刚到博物馆工作的机械师没有不满情绪，并且表示他只是在履行自己的工作职责，即他看到这些作品在电梯里展出，便把它们扔进了垃圾桶。由此可以推断出，Budding对机械师的行为持理解的态度。11．A词句猜测题。根据第四段“SietskevanZanten,themuseum'sdirector,emphasizedthemuseum'smissiontoencouragevisitorstoseeeverydayobjectsinanewlight.‘Bydisplayingartworksinunexpectedplaces,weenhancethisexperienceandkeepvisitorsontheirtoes，’headded.”可知，博物馆馆长SietskevanZanten强调博物馆的使命是鼓励游客以新的视角看待日常物品，通过在意想不到的地方展示艺术品来增强这种体验。该短语意思是让游客为可能出现的惊喜做好准备，时刻保持期待和警觉。12．B推理判断题。根据最后一段“Buddingalsonotedthecanswereunlikelytostayontheirtraditionalplinthforlongandthattheyneededtothinkhardaboutacarefulplacetoputthemnext.”可知，Budding指出这些啤酒罐不太可能长时间放在传统的底座上，并且他们需要认真思考接下来把它们放置在一个合适的地方。D(2025·黑龙江省示范性高中专业委员会高三一模)InthemountainousregionsofNepal,34-year-oldDr.AnikaGurunghastransformedhealthcaredeliverythroughher“SolarHealthBackpack”initiative.Honoredwiththe2023InternationalMedicalInnovationAward,Gurung'smissionsparkedatage25whenshetreatedachilddyingfrompreventablepneumonia(肺炎)duringastorm.“Nolifeshouldfadeforlackofathermometer.”shevowed.Hersolution？Backpacksequippedwithsolar-powereddiagnostictools(portableECG)andmedicines,carriedbytrainedvillagerstoinaccessiblesettlements.Sinceits2019launch,thesemobileunitscarriedbylocallytrained“mountaindoctors”havenavigatedmountaintrailsandclearstreamstoreach237settlementsacross15valleys.Eachdoctordoublesasapreventivecareeducator,usingaugmented(增强的)realityglassestodemonstrate“medicaltechniques”.“Western-styleclinicsfellaparthere，”Gurungexplainsgesturingatlandslide-scarredslopes.“Butknowledgecarriedonhumanbacks.That'sunbreakable.”Preparationinvolvesmonthsofmappingfootpathswithelderlyguides.“Thesemountainsdemandhumility，”shenotes,unrollingahand-drawnmapmarkedwithSherpasymbols.“ModernGPSfailswherepeoplestillremembertheirancestorswell.”Thecombinationofoldandnewthingshascutthenewborndeathrateby58%intheareasweserve.Somepeopleinitiallydismissedhermodelas“idealistic”，butitssuccessinreducingtherateofgettingtuberculosis(肺结核)by42%hasinspiredotherstofollowsuits.ForGurung,medicalhealthisn'taboutfancyhospitals.“It'saboutmakingdignityportable，”shedeclaresinherWHOspeech.Herteamnowcooperateswithengineerstodeveloplandslide-proofdronedeliverysystemsformedicines.13．WhatdidGurungpromisetodowhenshewas25?A．Winaninternationalaward. B．Preventadisastrousstorm.C．Designanaccessiblethermometer. D．Developmedicalbackpacks.14．Whatarethebackpacksadditio