外研版高中英语必修第三册UNIT 2 Making a difference Section Ⅱ

外研版高中英语必修第三册UNIT2MakingadifferenceSectionⅡSectionⅡUsingLanguage（语言运用）一、课文原文（Text）TheWellThatChangedtheWorldAsasix-year-oldCanadianschoolboy,RyanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacherthatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn'tgetenoughcleanwater.Helookedacrosstheclassroomatthedrinkingfountain,butitwasveryclose,onlytenstepsaway.SoRyanaskedhimself:WhydosomeAfricanchildrenhavetowalktenkilometerstogetwatereveryday?Andwhyisthewatersodirtythatitmakesthemsick?YoungRyanthoughtlifeiseasyformebuthardforthosepeople.Whydon'tIhelp?Atfirst,hisplanwastoearnmoneytobuildasinglewellsomewhereinAfrica.Hecleanedwindowsanddidgardeningforhisfamilyandneighbors.Hesoonreachedhisfirsttargetofseventydollars.Butwhenhegavethemoneytoacharity,hewastoldthatitactuallycosttwothousanddollarstobuildawell.Seventydollarswasonlyenoughforahandpump.Ryanunderstoodthatahandpumpwouldn'thelpthechildren.Whattheyneededwasawelldugneartheirhomes.Twothousanddollarswasalotofmoney,butRyandidn'tgiveup.Hewasdeterminedtohelpotherchildrenhavecleanwater.Hestartedtoaskforhelpfromhisclassmatesandneighborsandpersuadedthemtodonatemoney.Atthesametime,afriendofRyan'smotherhelpedmakehisstorygopublic.Afterseveralmonths,RyanhadraisedthetwothousanddollarswithwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda.Thechildrenattheschoolnolongerneededtowalkforhourstogetwater.Theyweregratefultohimandinvitedhimtovisit.InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.Butthatwasnotall.Healsosawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohadturnedouttowelcomehim.Theysanganddancedhappily.Someevenofferedhimfoodandgifts.Atfirst,Ryanwasnervous,butsoonagreatwarmthfilledhim.Hereallyhadmadeadifferenceforthesechildren.Hebrokeintoajoyfulsmile.Later,Ryansetupafoundationtocontinuehiswork.Withthehelpofthefoundation,morewellswerebuilt,bringingcleanwatertothousandsofpeopleinAfrica.Ryan'sstoryshowsthatevenachildcanmakeadifferenceintheworldifhehasakindheartandthecouragetotakeaction.二、核心词汇与短语（KeyWords&Phrases）1.核心词汇fountainn.喷泉；饮水器（文中指drinkingfountain饮水机）targetn.目标；靶子v.瞄准；以……为目标charityn.慈善机构；慈善事业pumpn.泵；抽水机v.抽水；打气determinedadj.坚定的；有决心的（bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事）persuadev.说服；劝说（persuadesb.todosth.说服某人做某事）donatev.捐赠；赠送（donatesth.tosb./sth.向……捐赠……）publicadj.公开的；公共的n.公众（gopublic公开宣布；公之于众）gratefuladj.感激的；感谢的（begratefultosb.感激某人）delightedadj.高兴的；愉快的foundationn.基金会；基础couragen.勇气；胆量2.重点短语havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困难（文中：hadtroublebelieving难以相信）atfirst起初；刚开始reachatarget达到目标giveup放弃askforhelpfromsb.向某人寻求帮助makesth.gopublic使某事公开raisemoney筹集资金nolonger不再withone'sowneyes亲眼turnout出席；出现；结果是breakintoasmile突然笑起来makeadifference有影响；起作用（单元核心短语）setup建立；设立（文中指建立基金会）三、语法重点（GrammarFocus）——过去分词作定语（-edasAttributive）1.语法讲解本单元SectionⅡ的核心语法是过去分词作定语，其核心用法如下：含义：过去分词作定语时，通常表示“被动”或“完成”的含义，修饰名词或代词。位置：

单个过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰名词的前面；过去分词短语作定语，通常放在被修饰名词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。与现在分词作定语的区别：现在分词作定语表“主动、进行”，过去分词作定语表“被动、完成”。2.课文原句例句（结合语境理解）thewordsspokenbyhisteacher（被老师说的话）——过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于thewordswhichwerespokenbyhisteacherawelldugneartheirhomes（挖在家附近的井）——过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于awellwhichwasdugneartheirhomesthefinishedwell（完工的井）——单个过去分词作前置定语，表“完成”hundredsofdelightedstudents（数百名高兴的学生）——单个过去分词作前置定语，表“状态”3.即时练习将下列定语从句改为过去分词作定语的结构：Theletterwhichwaswrittenbymyfatherwaslost.→Theletterwrittenbymyfatherwaslost.Wevisitedthehospitalwhichwasbuiltlastyear.→Wevisitedthehospitalbuiltlastyear.Thebookswhichareborrowedfromthelibrarymustbereturnedontime.→Thebooksborrowedfromthelibrarymustbereturnedontime.四、课文理解（TextComprehension）1.主旨大意本文讲述了加拿大男孩Ryan从六岁起，为非洲缺水地区的孩子筹集资金打井，最终建立基金会、帮助成千上万非洲人获得干净饮用水的故事，诠释了“普通人也能改变世界”的单元主题，体现了善良、坚持和勇气的重要性。2.段落大意Para.1：Ryan得知非洲孩子缺水的困境，产生了帮助他们的想法。Para.2：Ryan最初计划赚钱打一口井，却发现目标资金远超预期，但他没有放弃。Para.3：Ryan向他人求助、筹集资金，最终在乌干达的一所小学附近建成了一口井。Para.4：Ryan受邀前往乌干达，亲眼看到自己的善举给当地孩子带来的改变，感受到了帮助他人的快乐。Para.5：Ryan建立基金会，继续开展公益事业，证明了微小的善举也能产生巨大的影响。3.关键问题（KeyQuestions）WhydidRyandecidetohelpAfricanchildren?（BecausehewasshockedthatmanyAfricanchildrencouldn'tgetenoughcleanwaterandhadtowalkfartogetdirtywaterthatmadethemsick.）WhatdidRyandotoearnmoneyatfirst?（Hecleanedwindowsanddidgardeningforhisfamilyandneighbors.）HowdidRyanraiseenoughmoneytobuildawell?（Heaskedforhelpfromhisclassmatesandneighbors,persuadedthemtodonatemoney,andhismother'sfriendhelpedmakehisstorygopublic.）WhatcanwelearnfromRyan'sstory?（Wecanlearnthatevenachildcanmakeadifferenceifhehasakindheart,determinationandcouragetotakeaction.）五、语言运用练习（LanguagePractice）1.词汇填空用所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。determine,persuade,donate,grateful,foundation,courageSheisvery________toherteachersfortheirhelp.He________hisfriendstojointhevolunteerprogram.Weneed________tofacedifficultiesinlife.They________alotofmoneytothepoorchildreninruralareas.Heis________tofinishthetaskontime.Anew________wassetuptohelphomelesspeople.参考答案：1.grateful2.persuaded3.courage4.donated5.determined6.foundation2.语法填空用所给动词的适当形式填空（过去分词或现在分词）。Thestory________(tell)bymygrandmotherisveryinteresting.Isawaboy________(play)footballontheplaygroundjustnow.Thebuilding________(build)lastyearisournewschoollibrary.The________(break)windowwasrepairedbyaworkeryesterday.参考答案：1.told2.playing3.built4.broken3.句型转换将下列句子改为含有过去分词作定语的句子。Thegirlwhoislovedbyeveryoneismysister.→Thegirllovedbyeveryoneismysister.ThisisabookthatwaswrittenbyMoYan.→ThisisabookwrittenbyMoYan.Thephotostha