一般现在时态

一般现在时态PAGEPAGE6一般现在时态动词三单数的构成：1)一般情况再词尾加-s.例：make-makesplay-playsget-getsread-reads2)如果动词原形词尾已有e，只加s.close-closesride-rideswake-wakesleave–leaves3)以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词再词尾加-es.guess-guessesfix,teach,wash,go-goes,do-does4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要去y变i加es.fly-flies,carry,study特殊：have-has用法一般现在时表示现在经常发生的动作或存在的状态。肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答动词beIam…Iamnot…AmI…?Yes,youare/No,youarenot.Youare…Youarenot…Areyou…?Yes,Iam/No,Iamnot.He/She/Itis…He/She/Itisnot…Is/She/It/…?Yes,he/she/itis.Weare…Wearenot…Arewe…?Yes,you/weare.You/Theyare…You/Theyarenot…Areyou/they…?Yes,we/theyare构成：A.be动词作谓语注：我用am,你用are,is用于他她它。单数主语用is,复数主语均用are.缩写词：Iam=I’myouare=you’reweare=we’retheyare=they’rearenot=aren’theis=he’ssheis=she’sitis=it’sisnot=isn’t一般现在时表示现在的状态。Theboyistwelveyearsold/.Theworkersareverybusy.Hismotherisatwork.B.实义动词作谓语肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答动词workI/Youwork.I/Youdonotwork.DoI/youwork?He/She/Itworks.He/She/Itdoesn’twork.Doeshe/she/itwork?We/You/Theywork.We/You/Theydonotwork.Dowe/you/theywork?注：以实义动词作谓语的句子，在一般现在时态中，如果主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要变为第三人称单数形式，其余人称均用动词原形。缩写词：donot=don’tdoesnot=doesn’t1)表示现在时间经常性反复发生或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

时间状语：every…,inthemorning(…)，at…,onSundaysometimes,,always,often,usually,never,etc.IgetI[at6:30everyday.Shealwayshelpsothers.Heoftengoestoschoolonfoot.Iusuallyleavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.Theyneverplaycomputergames.TheyoftenwatchTVaftersupper.Iusuallygotoworkonmybike.

2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.Summercomesafterspring.

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Ourteachersaidthattheearthisround.Ourteachertoldusthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.

3)表示主语现在时刻具备的能力、性格、个性。Shelikesnoodles.HeknowsalotofEnglish.Ilikeplayingfootball.

Idon'twantsomuch.WangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.

4)在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时来表示将来的动作。Hewillringyouupwhenhegetsthere.Ishallleavehomeiftherainstops.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgoforapicnic.IwillgivemyfatheraringassoonasIgetstotheschool.一般现在时一．意义：一般现在时，通常表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。二．一般现在时的构成：1）动词be的第一人称单数为am，第三人称单数为is,第二人称单数及所有复数人称均为are.2)动词have除第三人称单数用has外，其他人称均用have。3）行为动词除第三人称单数动词词尾变化与名词单数变复数规则相同外，其余一律同原形。注：行为动词一般现在时第三人称单数加-s或-es的规则：a.一般词尾加-s:如：workslikescomesattendsseesb.词尾为ch,sh,s,x,o的动词加-es如：teaches,washes,fixes,goesc.辅音字母+y结尾的动词把-y变成I,在加-es:如：study-studiesfly-flies三.一般现在时的用法：1）表示经常发生的动作，现存的习惯或状态。常与often,always,usually,everyday,sometimes,never,onceaday,seldom等时间状语连用。例如：=1\*GB3①Iamateacher.=2\*GB3②WeareChinese.=3\*GB3③Shegoestoworkeveryday.=4\*GB3④Healwayshelpsothers.2)表示客观事实或普遍真理。例如：=1\*GB3①Therearesevendaysinaweek.=2\*GB3②Theearthgoesroundthesun.3)在连词when,before,if,assoonas,until等引导的表示将来的行为的状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作。例如；=1\*GB3①Ifitisfinetomorrow,we’llhaveafootballmatch.=2\*GB3②I’llringyouupbeforeIleavetheoffice.=3\*GB3③WhenIfinishmyhomework,I’lltellyouastory.4)表示安排或计划好的未来的动作，只限于go,come,leave,start,stay,return,arrive,begin,be等动词。例如：=1\*GB3①Mytrainleavesat6:30thismorning.-=2\*GB3②Howlongdoyoustayhere?=3\*GB3③Westartat8tomorrowmorningforBeijing.四．一般现在时的否定式和疑问式1．动词be的否定式和疑问式动词be的否定式由“be的人称变化+not”构成。疑问式中，be和主语倒装。(arenot=aren’tisnot=isn’t)如：=1\*GB3①LiMingisnot(isn’t)aworker.=2\*GB3②Theyarenot(aren’t)collegestudents.=3\*GB3③IsLiWeithirty-two?=4\*GB3④AreyoufromShanghai?2．动词have的否定式和疑问式动词have如果表示“具有”、“所有”，它的否定式和疑问式即可分别用“have或has+not”和“Haveyou…?”或“Hashe/she…?”的形式，又可分别用“do/doesnothave”和“Doyouhave…?”“Doeshe/shehave…?”的形式。当动词have表示其它意义，如haveclasseshavesupper/lunch时，它的否定式和疑问式与一般行为动词相同。(havenot=haven’thasnot=hasn’t)如：=1\*GB3①Idonot(don’t)havesupperatsix.=2\*GB3②DothestudentshaveEnglishclasseseveryday?3．行为动词一般现在时的否定式和疑问式行为动词一般现在时的否定式由“donot或doesnot(第三人称单数)+动词原形”构成。（donot=don’tdoesnot=doesn’t）疑问式要在主语前加“do或does”(第三人称单数)，后面的行为动词用原形。如：否定式：Idon’tstudyFrench.Youdon’tstudyFrench.He/Shedoesn’tstudyFrench.We/You/Theydon’tstudyFrench.疑问式:DoyoustudyFrench?Doeshe/shestudyFrench?DoyoustudyFrench?Dowe/you/theystudyFrench?Ⅰ．请把下列各题的主语改为第三人称单数，并作其他必要的表达变化。1．IteachEnglishinajuniorhighschool.2．IstudyEnglisheveryday.3．Ipassbythepostofficeeverymorning.4．IreadandwritebothEnglishandChineseeveryday.5．Ihavetwosistersandonebrother.6．Igotoschoolandcomehomeonabicycleeveryday.7．IwashmyhandsbeforeIeatsomething.8．Idon'tknowherverywell.9．IalwaystrymybestwhenIamtoldtodosomething.10．OnweekdaysIalwaysgetupat6：00.ThenIdomybed,brushmyteeth,washmyface,andgeteverythingreadyinhalfanhour.At6：30Ihavemybreakfastwithmyparentsandsistersandleaveforschoolat6：50.Ⅱ．请把下列动词选填到各题空格处。（可以重复选用）（be,begin,belong,cook,cry,do,feel,go,have,help,keep,make,mean,rain,understand）1．Myfather（1）______toworkbybuseverymorning.2．（2）______you（3）______what（4）______?3．Thesummervacationusually（5）______onJuly1inmostschools.4．Weoften（6）______swimminginsummer.5．Ababy（7）______whenit（8）______hungry.6．Everyone（9）______happyand（10）______agoodtimeduringtheChineseNewYear.7．Inautumnit（11）______not（12）______veryofteninthispartofthecountry.8．Thetwolittlecats（13）______tomyaunt,She（14）______themasherpets.9．Inmyfamily,mymotheralways（15）______themealsandmyfather（16）______thedishes.Butwhenthey（17）______verybusy,Ioften（18）______theminthekitchen.10．Mybicycleoften（19）______somestrangenoises,11.Iwonderifsomething（20）______wrongwithit.练习一一、用am,is,are填空。1.LilyandLucy______twins.2.This_______abus,that______abike.3.What_____it?It____apencil.4.Where________hershoes?5.LiLeiandI________classmates.6.It____abouteighto’clock.7.Yoursister_______nothere.8._______thesepotatoes?Yes,they________.9._______youateacher?No,I______not.10.Nonews________goodnews.11.Theonesontheleft________LiLei’s.12.There_______someorangeinthebottle.13.Theboys_______interestedinscience.14.______yoursistergoodatboating?No,she____not.15.There_______notanystudentsintheroom.二、用所给动词的一般现在时态填空1)I_______(go)toschoolatseveneveryday.2)Thegirloften______(get)upathalfpastfiveand_______(go)tobedatteno’clock.3)Someofus_________(play)footballafterschool.4)He_________(study)Englishandhe________________(notstudy)French.5)LucyandLily________(like)applesbutTom_____________(notlike)apples.6)Yoursister_________(have)twocars.7)I___________(have)anEnglishdictionarybutI__________(nothave)anEnglishChinesedictionary.8)What_________he_________(do)?9)They___________(speak)EnglishandJapaneseverywell.10)Where____________yourparents__________(work)?11)________you_________(have)anychildren?12)We_____________(have)lunchinthemiddleoftheday.13)Hesometimes__________(watch)TVinthemiddleoftheday.14)Theshopnearourschool___________(sell)books.15)LiLei_____________(notwant)anymeat.16)Who____________(teach)youEnglish?17)____UncleWang____(work)inafactory?Yes,he_____.No,he_____(work)inahospital.18)LinTao_______(get)up,_____(have)breakfastand______(go)toworkeverymorning.19)Whatniceflowersthey________(have)!20)I___________(notthink)youareright.21)LinTaooften_