2026年研究生英语词汇闪卡

2026年研究生英语词汇闪卡一、选词填空（共5题，每题2分，共10分）题目：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案，填入空格中。短文：Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassignificantlytransformedvariousindustries,particularlyinChina'shigh-techsector.ManybusinessesareintegratingAIintotheiroperationstoenhanceefficiencyandinnovation.However,challengesremainintermsofdatasecurityandethicalconcerns.Companiesmustbalancetechnologicalprogresswithresponsiblegovernancetoensuresustainabledevelopment.1.Thephrase"significantlytransformed"inthefirstsentenceisclosestinmeaningto:A)moderatelyaffectedB)greatlychangedC)slightlyimprovedD)entirelyeliminated2.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A)TocriticizetheuseofAIinbusinessesB)TohighlightthebenefitsandchallengesofAIC)TopromoteAIadoptioninChinaD)ToargueagainstethicalconcernsinAI3.Theword"governance"inthethirdparagraphisbestreplacedby:A)controlB)managementC)regulationD)oversight4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconcernforbusinessesusingAI?A)HighcostsB)DatasecurityC)EmployeeunemploymentD)Governmentrestrictions5.ThepassagesuggeststhatsustainabledevelopmentinAIdependson:A)rapidtechnologicalgrowthB)eliminatingethicalconcernsC)balancingprogresswithresponsibilityD)increasingdatacollection二、词汇辨析（共5题，每题2分，共10分）题目：选择与划线词意思最相近的选项。1.Original(adj.)–Themanuscriptwaswrittenintheoriginalhandwriting.A)copiedB)authenticC)revisedD)printed2.Prolific(adj.)–Theauthorwasknownforhisprolificoutputofnovels.A)lazyB)creativeC)slowD)unskilled3.Conundrum(n.)–Theenvironmentalpolicypresentsacomplexconundrumforpolicymakers.A)solutionB)dilemmaC)agreementD)explanation4.Mitigate(v.)–Scientistsaretryingtomitigatetheeffectsofclimatechange.A)worsenB)reduceC)ignoreD)delay5.Ubiquitous(adj.)–Smartphonesareubiquitousinmodernsociety.A)rareB)portableC)widespreadD)expensive三、词汇搭配（共5题，每题2分，共10分）题目：选择与划线词最常搭配的动词或名词。1.Vulnerable–Theelderlyarevulnerabletoscams.A)resilientB)cautiousC)awareD)exposed2.Subsequent–Thesubsequentreportconfirmedthefindings.A)preliminaryB)finalC)additionalD)outdated3.Crucial–Timeiscrucialinemergencysituations.A)flexibleB)limitedC)importantD)optional4.Nostalgic–Manyadultsfeelnostalgicabouttheirchildhood.A)forgetfulB)joyfulC)indifferentD)regretful5.Evident–Theevidentimprovementwasnoticeable.A)hiddenB)gradualC)clearD)unexpected四、句子改错（共5题，每题2分，共10分）题目：找出句子中的错误并改正。1.Thecompany’sinnovativeapproachhasledtoasignificantenhanceinproductivity.-Correct:enhance→enhancement2.Sheisresponsiblefortheproject’sfailure,whichisquiteunfairtoher.-Correct:unfair→unjust3.Despitethedifficulties,theteammanagedtosuccessfullycompletethetask.-Correct:difficulties→thedifficulties(pluralneeded)4.Thereportcontainseveralkeyinsightsthatcouldbenefitthebusinessstrategy.-Correct:contain→contains(singularsubject)5.Ifwedidn’tactquickly,theopportunitywouldhavebeenmiss.-Correct:didn’t→hadn’t;miss→missed五、词汇应用（共5题，每题2分，共10分）题目：根据上下文选择最合适的词语填空。1.Thenewpolicyaimsto______thegapbetweenurbanandruraleducation.A)widenB)bridgeC)narrowD)expand2.His______researchonrenewableenergyhasearnedhiminternationalrecognition.A)pioneeringB)superficialC)outdatedD)irrelevant3.Thecompany’s______approachtocustomerservicehassetitapartfromcompetitors.A)rigidB)flexibleC)inflexibleD)outdated4.Theeconomic______hasledtoincreasedinflationratesglobally.A)stagnationB)growthC)boomD)recovery5.The______oftheprojectwasdelayedduetounexpectedsetbacks.A)commencementB)conclusionC)terminationD)inception答案与解析一、选词填空1.B)greatlychanged-解析："significantlytransformed"意为“极大地改变了”，与"greatlychanged"意思最接近。2.B)highlightthebenefitsandchallengesofAI-解析：文章主要讨论AI的优势和挑战，故选B。3.C)regulation-解析："governance"在此处指“管理或监管”，与"regulation"最符合语境。4.B)Datasecurity-解析：第三段提到“datasecurityandethicalconcerns”，故选B。5.C)balancingprogresswithresponsibility-解析：文章强调技术进步需与责任相平衡，故选C。二、词汇辨析1.B)authentic-解析："original"指“原始的、真实的”，与"authentic"意思相近。2.B)creative-解析："prolific"指“多产的”，与"creative"意思相近。3.B)dilemma-解析："conundrum"指“难题、困境”，与"dilemma"意思相近。4.B)reduce-解析："mitigate"指“减轻”，与"reduce"意思相近。5.C)widespread-解析："ubiquitous"指“无处不在的”，与"widespread"意思相近。三、词汇搭配1.D)exposed-解析："vulnerable"常与"exposed"搭配，表示“易受攻击的”。2.C)additional-解析："subsequent"常与"additional"搭配，表示“随后的补充内容”。3.C)important-解析："crucial"常与"important"搭配，表示“关键的”。4.B)joyful-解析："nostalgic"常与"joyful"搭配，表示“怀旧的喜悦”。5.C)clear-解析："evident"常与"clear"搭配，表示“明显的”。四、句子改错1.enhance→enhancement-解析："enhance"为动词，此处需名词形式"enhancement"。2.unfair→unjust-解析："unjust"更符合语境，表示“不公平的”。3.difficulties→thedifficulties-解析：复数名词前需加定冠词"the"。4.contain→contains-解析："report"为单数，动词需用第三人称单数"contains"。5.didn’t→hadn’t;miss→missed-解析：虚拟语气需用"hadn’t"和"missed"。五、词汇应用