2026届合肥市六年级数学小学数学能力诊断QS01黑白可打印标准付费预览仿真卷B1第0285套（含参考答案、逐题解析、评分细则、压轴题讲评与学生作答空间）

QS01黑白可打印｜合肥市六年级数学小学数学能力诊断｜B1第0285套姓名：__________班级：__________学号：__________资料名称：2026届合肥市六年级数学小学数学能力诊断QS01黑白可打印标准付费预览仿真卷B1第0285套（含参考答案、逐题解析、评分细则、压轴题讲评与学生作答空间）考试时间：90分钟满分：120分适用场景：课堂限时训练、周末自测、考前诊断、教师讲评注意事项：1.答题前请检查页码和题号是否完整；2.选择题每题只有一个正确选项，请把答案填入答题栏；3.填空题只写最终结果，单位不能遗漏；4.解答题必须写出必要过程、关键式子和单位；5.本卷为黑白可打印文本版，试题区不含答案，参考答案与解析从新页开始。姓名班级得分教师评语一、选择题（本大题10小题，每题3分，共30分。每题只有一个正确选项。）选择题答题栏：123456789101.计算0.25×36+3/4×36的结果是（）。A.18B.27C.36D.542.甲数是乙数的3/5，乙数是丙数的10/9。甲数是丙数的（）。A.1/2B.2/3C.3/4D.5/63.一幅地图的比例尺是1:250000。图上距离4.8厘米表示的实际距离是（）。A.1.2千米B.12千米C.120千米D.1200千米4.某班有男生45人、女生55人，女生人数占全班人数的（）。A.45%B.50%C.55%D.60%5.一个棱长6厘米的正方体，六个面都涂黑后切成棱长1厘米的小正方体。恰好有两个面涂黑的小正方体有（）个。A.24B.36C.48D.606.把一个底面半径3厘米、高10厘米的圆柱形容器装满水，再倒入底面半径同为3厘米的圆锥形容器中，若刚好装满，则圆锥形容器的高是（）。A.10厘米B.20厘米C.30厘米D.40厘米7.某超市苹果每千克7.5元，李老师买8千克苹果和5千克梨共花120元，梨每千克（）元。A.10B.11C.12D.138.一组跳绳成绩为72、80、86、90、90、94，下列说法正确的是（）。A.中位数是86B.中位数是88C.众数是80D.平均数是889.用简便方法计算7.2×101-7.2，正确结果是（）。A.72B.720C.727.2D.79210.规定a△b=a×b+a-b，则7△3的值是（）。A.17B.21C.25D.31二、填空题（本大题8小题，每题4分，共32分。请把答案写在题中横线上。）11.（4分）0.42公顷=________平方米；3.06立方米=________立方分米。12.（4分）15:________=0.75=________%。13.（4分）计算1/2+1/3-1/6，结果是________。14.（4分）一件学习用品进价160元，按25%的利润定价，售价应为________元。15.（4分）甲、乙两数的比是5:8，和是91，甲数是________，乙数是________。16.（4分）一个梯形的上底是8厘米，下底是14厘米，高是6厘米，它的面积是________平方厘米。17.（4分）一个圆柱的底面半径是4厘米，高是9厘米，按圆周率取3.14计算，体积是________立方厘米。18.（4分）一个三位数5□2既能被3整除，又是符合条件的最大三位数，□里应填________。三、解答题（本大题7小题，共58分。请写出必要的计算过程、单位和答语。）19.（6分）计算下面各题，能简算的要写出简算依据。

（1）3.6÷[0.2×(1.5+2.5)]（2）4/5×7/12+4/5×5/12________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________20.（7分）解方程或解比例。

（1）5x-1.6=8.4（2）3/4:x=5:12________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21.（8分）合肥某小学图书角新购科技书和文学书共360本，科技书与文学书的本数比是4:5。读书活动当天，科技书借出了3/8，文学书借出了2/5。

（1）原来科技书和文学书各有多少本？

（2）活动当天两类书一共借出多少本？还剩多少本？

（3）借出的文学书比科技书多多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________22.（8分）一块长方形劳动实践田长48米、宽32米。学校准备沿一条长边和一条短边的内侧各铺一条宽2米的小路，两条小路在角上重合成一个2米×2米的小正方形。其余部分铺草皮，每平方米草皮费用0.8元。

（1）小路面积是多少平方米？

（2）铺草皮的面积是多少平方米？

（3）草皮费用是多少元？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________23.（8分）六年级某班40名同学一个月课外阅读本数统计如下表。阅读本数012345人数28101262（1）这个月全班平均每人阅读多少本？结果保留两位小数。

（2）这组数据的众数是多少？至少阅读3本的同学占全班人数的百分之几？

（3）若希望全班平均每人阅读3本，全班还需再阅读多少本？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________24.（9分）甲、乙两地相距240千米。一辆客车从甲地开往乙地，每小时行60千米；一辆货车从乙地开往甲地，每小时行45千米。客车先出发30分钟后货车再出发。

（1）货车出发时，客车已经行了多少千米？

（2）货车出发后多少小时两车相遇？

（3）相遇地点离甲地多少千米？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________25.（12分）压轴题。一个长方体透明水箱的内底面长50厘米、宽30厘米，高40厘米，原有水深18厘米。

（1）水箱中原有水多少立方厘米？

（2）把一个棱长10厘米的正方体铁块完全浸没在水中，水面会上升多少厘米？此时水深是多少厘米？

（3）取出铁块后，继续向水箱注水。前5分钟每分钟注水900立方厘米，之后每分钟注水600立方厘米。要使水深达到26厘米，从开始注水起一共需要多少分钟？

（4）如果水深达到26厘米后停止注水，再放入这个正方体铁块，水会不会溢出？请用计算说明。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案、逐题解析与评分细则说明：客观题按最终答案给分；主观题按步骤、算式、单位和答语综合给分。不同方法只要思路正确、计算无误、表达清楚，均可参照同等标准给分。1.答案：C解析：把36看作相同因数，0.25×36+3/4×36=(0.25+0.75)×36=1×36=36。0.25与3/4都表示四分之一与四分之三，合起来正好是1。评分细则：选C得3分；未利用同因数但结果正确也得3分。讲评提示：本题适合训练把小数与分数互化后合并同类计算，讲评时可让学生说出0.25和3/4的关系。2.答案：B解析：甲=乙×3/5，乙=丙×10/9，所以甲=丙×10/9×3/5=丙×2/3。甲数是丙数的2/3。评分细则：选B得3分；比例链条写对但选项错不得分。讲评提示：本题要抓住“甲依赖乙、乙依赖丙”的连乘关系，不能把两个分数简单相加。3.答案：B解析：比例尺1:250000表示图上1厘米对应实际250000厘米。4.8×250000=1200000厘米，1200000厘米=12000米=12千米。评分细则：选B得3分；单位换算错误不得满分。讲评提示：比例尺题的易错点是厘米、米、千米之间的进率，必须先还原实际厘米数再换算。4.答案：C解析：全班人数为45+55=100人，女生占55÷100=55%。评分细则：选C得3分。讲评提示：百分数题先求全班总人数，再用部分量除以总量，分母不能误用男生人数。5.答案：C解析：正方体切成6×6×6个小正方体。恰好两个面涂黑的小正方体只在12条棱上，且每条棱去掉两个角后有6-2=4个，共12×4=48个。评分细则：选C得3分；只数边上小块而误把角块算入不得分。讲评提示：涂色正方体题要分清三面、两面、一面和零面涂色的小块位置，本题只数棱上非角块。6.答案：C解析：底面半径相同，圆柱与圆锥底面积相同。圆柱体积=底面积×10；圆锥体积=底面积×高÷3。体积相等时，高÷3=10，所以高=30厘米。评分细则：选C得3分；能说明“同底等体积，圆锥高是圆柱高的3倍”即可。讲评提示：圆柱与圆锥等底等体积时，高的关系是3倍，这是六年级立体图形常考结论。7.答案：C解析：苹果花费7.5×8=60元，梨共花120-60=60元，5千克梨每千克60÷5=12元。评分细则：选C得3分。讲评提示：购物数量关系要先扣除已知单价部分的总价，再平均到剩余数量上。8.答案：B解析：数据已经从小到大排列，共6个数，中位数是第3个与第4个数的平均数，即(86+90)÷2=88。90出现2次，是众数；平均数为(72+80+86+90+90+94)÷6=512÷6，不是88。评分细则：选B得3分。讲评提示：偶数个数据求中位数时取中间两个数的平均数，众数与平均数不能混淆。9.答案：B解析：7.2×101-7.2=7.2×(101-1)=7.2×100=720。评分细则：选B得3分。讲评提示：简便计算的核心是把101拆成100+1后与减去的1个7.2合并。10.答案：C解析：按规定7△3=7×3+7-3=21+7-3=25。评分细则：选C得3分；若先算7-3再乘导致结果错不得分。讲评提示：新运算题必须严格按照定义代入，不能凭普通运算习惯改变顺序。11.答案：4200；3060解析：1公顷=10000平方米，0.42公顷=4200平方米；1立方米=1000立方分米，3.06立方米=3060立方分米。评分细则：每空2分，共4分；单位换算数值错相应空不得分。讲评提示：单位换算要判断是面积单位还是体积单位，进率分别为10000和1000。12.答案：20；75解析：15:20=15÷20=0.75；小数0.75化成百分数是75%。评分细则：每空2分，共4分。讲评提示：比、小数、百分数互化时，先把比看作除法，再把小数乘100写成百分数。13.答案：2/3解析：通分到分母6：1/2=3/6，1/3=2/6，3/6+2/6-1/6=4/6=2/3。评分细则：答案正确得4分；未约分但写4/6可得3分。讲评提示：异分母分数加减要先通分，最后结果需要约成最简分数。14.答案：200解析：利润为160×25%=40元，售价=进价+利润=160+40=200元；也可算160×(1+25%)=200元。评分细则：答案正确得4分。讲评提示：利润率以进价为单位“1”，售价等于进价乘以1加利润率。15.答案：35；56解析：总份数5+8=13份，每份91÷13=7，甲数5×7=35，乙数8×7=56。评分细则：每空2分，共4分。讲评提示：按比分配题先求总份数，再求一份数，最后按各自份数还原两个数。16.答案：66解析：梯形面积=(上底+下底)×高÷2=(8+14)×6÷2=22×3=66平方厘米。评分细则：答案正确得4分；公式正确但算错可酌情给2分。讲评提示：梯形面积公式中的“上下底之和”不要漏乘高或忘记除以2。17.答案：452.16解析：圆柱体积=底面积×高=3.14×4×4×9=3.14×144=452.16立方厘米。评分细