2026年全国银行招聘之银行招聘综合知识考试基础巩固题附答案

姓名:_________________编号:_________________地区:_________________省市:_________________ 密封线 姓名:_________________编号:_________________地区:_________________省市:_________________ 密封线 密封线 2026年银行招聘考试重点试题精编注意事项:1.全卷采用机器阅卷，请考生注意书写规范；考试时间为120分钟。2.在作答前，考生请将自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号涂写在试卷和答题卡规定位置。

3.部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题部分必须使用黑色签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。

4.请按照题号在答题卡上与题目对应的答题区域内规范作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效:在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。(参考答案和详细解析均在试卷末尾)一、选择题

1、下列不属于我国《刑法》基本原则的是（）。A.罪刑法定原则B.法律面前人人平等原则C.罪刑相当原则D.罪刑合理原则

2、借贷记账法的记账主体为()。A.会计科目B.会计凭证C.会计账簿D.会计报表

3、计算机网络中传送速率的单位bps的含义是（）。A.每秒字节数B.每秒波特数C.每秒字符数D.每秒位数

4、央行开展MLF操作释放5000亿元人民币，该国法定存款准备金率为20%，商业银行系统平均超额存款准备金率为5%，国民平均通货存款持有习惯是1:4，则该国货币供应量新增（）。A.12500B.10000C.9000D.13000

5、资料：Abovethelinepromotionusesmassmediasuchasthepress,radio,television,cinemaorpostersites.Thistypeofpromotionisusuallypaidfor.Eachofthepossiblemediamethodscanbeusedtotargetaudiencesindifferentmarketsegment.Therearebothstrengthsanddrawbackstotheseformsofmedia:UNISONembarkedonawaveoftelevision,internetandnewspaperadvertsforthemillionvoicescampaign.Theywantedthatthevitalservicesprovidedbypublicsectorworkerscoulddisappearifthefundingcutssentahead.Theadvertsfeaturedalotofvitalpublicservicejobsfadingoutofsightandfeaturedthetagline.Don'twaituntilthey'regonetodefendthem.Apowerfulcampaignfilmwasalsoreleasedthatillustratedhowlocalcommunitieswouldbeaffectedbycuts.AversionofthisfilmaimedatrecruitingmemberstoUNISONwasshownontelevisionusingDRTV.Theonlineandnewspaperadvertslinkedbacktothecampaignwebsitewherepeoplecanregistertheirsupportandaddacomment.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueabouttheseformsofmedia?A.itishardtoevaluatetheeffectivenessofacampaignB.themediaareoftenexpensiveC.itaimsatspecificaudiencesD.itmayhaveanimmediateimpact

6、在会计核算中，资金运动的具体内容是通过在账簿中设置（）来反映的。A.账户B.会计科目C.单元D.内容

7、WangHongspeaksEnglishverywell.—_.ShecantalkwithAmericansfreely.A.IhopesoB.IhopenotC.IthinksoD.Idon’tthinkso

8、Theaccountingteamusesanadvancedspreadsheetsoftwareprogramtolistcompany（）bydepartment.A.diagramsB.expendituresC.applicationsD.Insights

9、应世界经济论坛创始人兼执行主席施瓦布邀请，国家主席习近平将于2021年1月25日在北京以视频方式出席世界经济论坛（）对话会并发表特别致辞。A.APEC议程B.博鳌议程C.达沃斯议程D.金砖五国议程

10、柯达公司是世界上著名的影像产品及相关服务的生产和供应商。面对市场技术的不断革新，柯达公司满足现状没有及时进行技术更新，直到2003年，柯达才宣布全面进军数码产业。最终柯达公司陷入退市困境，体现了管理学中的（）。A.二八法则B.长板法则C.青蛙法则D.木桶法则

11、Passage2Thedataabankhasstoredonitsserversismorevaluablethanthegoldinitsvaults.Banksenjoyamonopolyoverdatathathashelpedthemgetawaywithpoorservicesandfendoffcompetitors.InEurope,atleast,thatisallabouttochangewithanewsetofregulations,namedPSD2.Theruleswillcompelbankstosharedataeasilywithlicensedthirdparties.BankersinEuropecomplainthattheirprofitsandcustomerrelationshipsareunderthreat.However,openingupbanks,andthedatatheystore,isgoodforconsumersandcompetition.Newproviderswillbebetterplacedtoofferallsortsofinnovativeservices,suchasaone-clickoptiontoputunspentmonthlyincomeintoapensionplan.Nevertheless.someconcernsaboutPSD2arelegitimate.Inparticular,itisreasonabletowonderabouttheprivacyandsecurityimplicationsofsensitivefinancialdatabeingsharedwiththirdparties.Butbanksthemselvesarehardlyinvulnerabletocyberattack（网络攻击）.AndthesolutionsthattheEuropeanregulatorsproposetodealwiththeseworrieslookpromising.Thirdpartiesthatwanttousebankdatawillneedtoconvincenationalregulatorsthattheirdatadefensesaresolidandaresubjecttoannualregulatoryinspections.Thegapbetweenwritingrulesandimplementingthemisalwayslarge.First,consentfromcustomerstoprovideaccesstotheirbankdatamustbegainedexplicitly,andthepurposesofthedatauseshouldbeclearlyexplained.Second,regulatorsmustbeverytoughbothinensuringthatbanksopenuptheirinfrastructureandinwithdrawingthelicensesofthirdpartiesthatbreaktherules.Third,regulatorsmustalsobeflexibleenoughtoallowforchangesasthemarketevolves.Sincethenewentrantswillnotbelicensedtoengageinriskierfinancialactivities—suchaslendingmoney—itmakessensetoregulatethemwithalightertouch.ButifsomeFintechprovidersdoendupbecomingsystemicallyimportant,higherstandardsofoversightmightbenecessaryWhichofthefollowingistrueinordertosuccessfullyimplementPSD2（）.A.CustomersareforcedtosharetheirbankdataB.BanksarerequiredtoopenuptheirentireoperationalsystemC.RegulatorsshouldbebothtoughandflexibleD.Banksandthirdpartiesshouldberegulatedwithalighttouch

12、福利部门领用材料，借记（），贷记“原材料”和“应交税费——应交增值税(进项税额转出)”。A.管理费用B.生产成本C.应付职工薪酬D.销售费用

13、下来关于“服务业营业税改征增值税”的说法正确的是（）。A.服务业营业税改征增值税是指根据服务业的营业税修改增值税B.改革只针对腋务行业C.服务业营业税改征增值税是指对服务业由征收营业税改为征收增值税D.试点行业的总体税负略有增加

14、2020年3月10日，北京航天飞行控制中心圆满完成我国首次（）探测任务无线联试，充分验证了探测器与地面系统的接口匹配性和一致性。A.火星B.相控阵雷达C.空间引力波D.太阳

15、若信道的复用是以信息在一帧中的时间位置(时隙)来区分，不需要另外的信息头来标志信息的身份，则这种复用方式为（）。A.异步时分复用B.频分多路复用C.同步时分复用D.以上均不对

16、Newemployeesshouldspentmoreoftheirtimeon___duties.A.exceptionalB.professionalC.intentionalD.additional

17、通常看一个国家经济是否增长，主要是看（）。A.这个国家的工业生产总值是否增加B.这个国家的货币是否升值C.这个国家的GDP是否增长D.这个国家的物价水平是否升高

18、下列公文处理程序中属于发文办理的是（）。A.拟办B.复核C.传阅D.签收

19、近年来，我国影子银行快速发展，成为弥补实体经济融资缺口的重要渠道，但其隐匿着巨大风险，对此，下列说法不正确的是（）。A.资金回报要求过低，绕过国家的货币政策B.资金使用不匹配，现金流稳定性差C.缺少风险防范措施，难以做到事先预警D.保护机制先天不足，风险容易扩散

20、根据《中华人民共和国行政处罚法》的规定，对于违法行为轻微并及时纠正，没有造成危害后果的当事人，应当（）。A.从轻处罚B.减轻处罚C.免予处罚D.从重处罚

21、微观经济学要解决的核心问题是（）。A.资源的配置B.资源的利用C.资源的用逢单一D.国民收入决定

22、()要求企业提供的会计信息应当反映与企业财务状况、经营成果和现金流量有关的所有重要交易或者事项。A.相关性B.及时性C.重要性D.可比性

23、Weexplicitlymakeallowanceforthefactthatproduction.______whentheartistdies,implyingthatthecollectorscanbesurethatinthefuturenonewsimilarpiecesofartwillputpressureonthepricesinthisspecificmarketsegment.A.confinesB.conformsC.ceasesD.continues

24、错账的更正方法不包括（）。A.蓝字更正法B.红字更正法C.补充登记法D.划线更正法

25、Togethertheseinventionshugelyreducedthecostofblastingrock,drillingtunnels,buildingcanalsandmanyotherformsof____work.A.constructionB.informationC.animationD.imagination

26、资料：Gonearethedaysof“one-size-fits-all”employeebenefitsprogramsandherecomenewlydesignedandfullycustomizedvoluntarybenefits.Voluntarybenefitsareonlongerlookedatasjustafew“extras”,andarenowbecomingpartofacomprehensivebenefitspackage.Lot'stakealookathowvoluntarybenefitshavebecomemorecustomizedtomeettherequirementsofamoreparticularhealthcareconsumer.VoluntaryBenefitsBolsterRecruitmentandRetentionEffortsItgivesemployeesachancetoselectextrasthatthestandardhealthcareplandoesn'toffer,whichcanbehighlyattractivetotoday'sconsumersEmployerscanalsousevoluntarybenefitstoroundouttheirhealthcareplanswithamenuofitemsthatcovereverythingfromfamilyvisioncaretopetinsurance.Thishelpscompaniestoaddressthespecificheathandfinancialneedsofcandidates,tohelpthestretchtheirfuturepaychecksevenfurther.TheAdvantagesofOfferingVoluntaryEmployeeBenefitsIntermsofbeingadaptabletotheneedsofemployees,thereareveryfewbenefitsthatarelikevoluntaryplans.Voluntaryplanscovermanyofthegapsthattraditionalhealthbenefitsdonotcover.Forexample,ahealthcareplanmayrequiredentalservicesforminors,butnotforadults.Thevoluntarydentalprogramcancoverthingslikeroutinecleaningsandotherpreventativemeasuresthathelpsupportgoodoralhealth.CustomizingVoluntaryBenefitPlansThereareseveralareaswherevoluntarybenefitplansexceedthecustomizationoptionsofothertypesofwellnessandfinancialbenefits.Thisisacontinualtrendthatwewillseemoreof.Financialwellnessbenefitscanincludebudgetingsoftware,companymatchedsavingsplans,employeepurchaseprograms,discountcards,creditunionaccess,andevenshorttermfinancingtohelpemployeeswhootherwisecannotgetcredittopurchasethingstheyneed.Somecompaniesoffersupportforbuyingofleasingvehicles,payoffcollegeloans,arrangeforspecialdiscountsanddealsonhomerentalsandpurchases,andevenprovideaccesstotuitionforcollegeexpenses.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,comparingwiththetraditionalhealthbenefits,voluntaryplans______A.incurlesscostbythecompanytoofferbenefitprogramsB.covermanyofthegapsthattraditionalhealthbenefitsdonotcoverC.helpemployeeswhoaredealingwithtoughpersonalandcareermattersD.encourageemployeestostaywiththeircompaniesforlongerperiodsoftime

27、IfEnglishmeansendlessnewwords，difficultgrammarandsometimesstrangepronunciation，youarewrong.Haven’tyounoticedthatyouhavebecomesmartersinceyoustartedtolearnalanguage?AccordingtoanewstudybyaBritishuniversity，learningasecondlanguagecanleadtoanincreaseinyourbrainpower，Researchersfoundthatlearningotherlanguageschangesgreymatter.Thisistheareaofthebrainwhichprocessesinformation.Itissimilartothewaythatexercisebuildsmuscles.Thestudyalsofoundtheeffectisgreater，theyoungerpeoplelearnasecondlanguage.AteamledbyDrAndreaMechelli，fromUniversityCollegeLondon，tookagroupofBritonswhoonlyspokeEnglish.Theywerecomparedwithagroupof“earlybilinguals”whohadlearntasecondlanguagebeforetheageoffive，aswellasanumberoflaterlearners.Scansshowedthatgreymatterdensity（密度）inthebrainwasgreaterinbilingualsthaninpeoplewithoutasecondlanguage.Butthelongerapersonwaitedbeforemasteringanewlanguage，thesmallerthedifference.“Ourfindingssuggestthatthestructureofthebrainischangedbytheexperienceoflearningasecondlanguage，”saidthescientists.Itmeansthatthechangeitselfincreasestheabilitytolearn.ProfessorDylanVaughanJonesoftheUniversityofWaleshasresearchedthelinkbetweenbilingualismandmathsskills.“Havingtwolanguagesgivesyoutwowindowsontheworldandmakesthebrainmoreflexible，”hesaid.“Youareactuallygoingbeyondlanguageandhaveabetterunderstandingofdifferentideas.”ThefindingswerematchedinastudyofnativeItalianspeakerswhohadlearnedEnglishasasecondlanguagebetweentheagesof2and34.Reading，writing，andcomprehensionwerealltested.Theresultsshowed，thattheyoungertheystartedtolearn，thebetter.“Studyingalanguagemeansyougetanentrancetoanotherworld，”explainedthescientists.Inthelasttwoparagraphs，theauthorwantstotellusthat（）.A.learningasecondlanguageisthesameasstudyingmathB.ItalianisthebestchoiceforyouasasecondlanguageC.you’dbetterchoosetheagesbetween2and34tolearnasecondlanguageD.earlylearningofasecondlanguagehelpsyouagreatdealinstudyingothersubjects

28、4辆车运送货物，每辆车可运16次；7辆车运送，每辆车只能运10次。设增加的车辆数与运送减少的次数成正比，且每车次运送货物相等，运送货物总量最多是多少车次？（）A.72B.74C.64D.68

29、Nostudent（）gooutofschoolforsnacksduringthebreakwithouttheteacher’spermission.A.willB.mustC.shallD.may

30、下列有关会计的表述中，不正确的一项是（）。A.在会计核算中，允许一些企业使用外币作为记账本位币B.会计主体需具有法人资格C.只有以货币表现的经济活动才是会计对象D.会计监督是会计的基本职能之一

31、（）是使得全球各地外汇市场的汇率保持一致的主要因素。A.套汇活动B.国际贸易C.开放经济D.资金流动

32、Weshouldn’tignoretheimportanceof______ourhobbiesorgettinginvolvedinartsandcraftsactivities.A.amplifyingB.enhancingC.fosteringD.magnifying

33、资料：Somecompaniesaremorecreativeintheiruseofhistorythanothers.HSBC’sHistoryWall,astrikingartinstallationatthebank’sLondonheadquarters,ismadeupof3,743imagesdrawnfromthebank’sarchivesandarrangedinchronologicalorder.EventhisisdwarfedbyCocaCola,theAmericanclassics.InMay,CocaColaopenedanewcorporatemuseuminAtlanta,whichisexpectedtopullinmorethan1millionvisitorsannually,AttractionsincludethefirstCokecanstogointospace,afunctioningbottinglineandatastinglounge.Thebenefitsofknowingyourcorporatehistorycanbeverypractical.Companiesoftenusetheirhistoryasinspirationfornewproducts.Disneyconstantlyminesitsarchivesofoldfilms.Carmakershaveoverhauledolddesignsforthemodernera:Volkswagen’sNewBeetleisanobviousexample.Butthebiggerpayofftendstobelesstangible—thatofforgingstrongerbondswithcustomersandemployees.Agecanbyitselfconferasenseoftrustworthiness,brewersandbanksarefondofflaunting（炫耀）theirdeeproots.JimGilmore,co-authorof“Authenticity”,arguesthathistoryisalsovitalingivingcompaniesagenuinesenseofpersonality.Ritz-Carlton’suseofcobalt-blueglassesinitshoteldiningroomscanbetracedbacktoBostoninthe1920s,forexample,wherewindowglassthathadbeenimportedfromEuropeandturnedblueintheNewEnglandairwasasymbolofwealth.Ratherthancommissioningdustybiographiestomarkanniversaries,Mr.Gilmorebelievesthatfirmsshouldsearchthearchivesforinspiringstoriesofthiskind.Youngercompaniescanusehistory,too.Beforegivinguptheiroldjobs,thefoundersofInnocent,aBritishdrinksfirmformedin1998,soldaninitialbatchofsmoothiesfromamarketstallinLondon.Theyaskedcustomerstoputtheiremptybottlesintooneoftwolabeledbinstoindicatewhethertheyshouldfocusontheirnewventureorsticktotheirdayjobs.Therest,astheysay,ishistory.Thefirmnowusesthestorytoillustrateitsfolksyimage.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatdoestheexampleofHSBCshow?A.ThebankhasgreaterpowerthanotherbanksB.ThebankcontributesalottothedevelopmentofLondonC.ThebankusesitshistorymorecreativelyD.Thebankhasadifferentbusinessmodelthanotherfirms

34、依照我国法律规定，下列财产为按份共有的是（）。A.夫妻共有财产B.家庭共有财产C.甲、乙分别出资3万元和4万元共同购买的财产D.共同继承的财产

35、Startingwiththe______thatthereislifeontheplanetMars,thescientistwentontodevelophisargument.A.foundationB.presentationC.premiseD.pretext

36、Heating，ventilating，andairconditioning（HVAC）systemsare______inmostofundergroundsubwaystationstoprovidecomfortableandfreshairtoundergroundsubwaystations。A.assembledB.installingC.equippedD.installed

37、为了避免重复记账．习惯上对于将现金存入银行的业务，一般只编制（）。A.现金付款凭证B.银行存款收款凭证C.现金收款凭证D.银行存款付款凭证

38、_____oftenoccursbecausewelackselfconfidenceanddoubtourabilities.A.IndecisivenessB.InterferenceC.ProcrastinationD.Carelessness

39、资料：StarAirways,Mumbai'sdominantairlineforthepastfiveyears,hasreporteditisplanningtoreplaceitsentireaircraftfleetwithEuropean-producedSkystreamjets.Startingwithaninitialpurchaseof90jets,StarAirwaysexpectsthechangeovertotakeadecadetocomplete.Thenewplaneswillenabletheairlinetoexpanditsinternationalroutesaswellasprovidereplacementsforitsagingfleetofjetplanes.StarAirwaysandSkystream,inajointannouncementattheBrusselsAirShowonThursday,saidthattheorderincludedseventeenofthenewAWB85Oaircraft.ThiswillmakeStarAirwaysthefirstIndiancarriertoflytheAWB850,anaimithashadsincethepowerfuljetswerefirstproduced.Whatisthepurposeofthearticle?A.ToreportonthemergeroftwoairlinesB.ToinforminvestorsofupdatedprojectplansC.ToannounceanewbusinessagreementD.Todescriberecentrenovationsatanairport

40、Intel公司是美国占支配地位的计算机芯片制造商．当他们推出一种新产品时。定价总是比同类产品的定价低，在销售的第一年他们可能获利很小，但他们很快就把产品打入了市场，第二、三年会大量销售产品而获利。他们采用的是（）策略。A.速取定价B.渐取定价C.弹性定价D.理解价值定价

41、货币供应量是一国在某时期内为社会经济运转服务的货币存量，它由包括中央银行在内的金融机构供应的存款货币和现金货币两部分构成。中央银行在公开市场上买卖有价证券，最直接影响（），从而影响货币供应量。A.中央银行再贷款B.商业银行法定准备金C.中央银行再贴现D.商业银行超额准备金

42、资料：Globalbusinesstraveltopped$1.2trillionandisexpectedtoreach$1.6trillionby2020,accordingtonewresearchbytheGlobalBusinessTravelAssociation（GBTA）,anassociationrepresentingtheinterestsofcorporatetravelmanagers.What’smoreChinahasnowsurpassedtheU.S.asthelargestbusinesstravelmarketintheworld,ringingup$291billionlastyear.Atthesametime,allisnotrosyandanumberofmajorissuesarelurkingahead.Aweakeningglobaleconomy,Brexitandthisyear’sU.S.presidentialelectionwillmeangrowthwillnotbeastraightlineupwards.“Theuncertaintycreatedbyfinancialupheavalandpendingchangestotradeandimmigrationruleswillraisemanagementheartburn.Thiswillcausesomepostponement,evenoutrightcancellation,ofbusinesstrips.Itmayalsotriggertravelbudgetconstrictionasmanagementseekstohedgetheuncertainty.”thereportsays.AtthesametimeConcur,acompanythatprovidessupportservicesfortravelmanagers,releasedthatthesharingeconomyisgainingtractionwithbusinesstravelers,basedonitsanalysisof40millionuserswhospendover$70billionannually.Concurdataindicates56percentgrowthforAirbnbtypeservicesinusagefromQ12015toQ12016.Onaverage,businesstravelersstayfivenightswhenhomesharingversusthreenightsinahotel.“Managingtravelandexpenseisbecomingincreasinglycomplex,betweenintegrationwithmobiletechnology,nuancesintravelerpreferences,andnewtravelsupplierstrategies,”notesRobbNielsen,vicepresidentofglobalproduceexperienceatConcur.“Thisdemandsafullyconnectedtravelandexpenseecosystempairedwithactionableinsights,givingtravelmanagersthevisibilityandcontroltheyneedtodrivecostsavings.”Apressreleasedadded,“Thevastmajorityofbusinesstravelersalsowanttoreceivepersonalizedtraveloptions.However,eventhoughbusinesstravelerswantpersonalizedoptions,theyarehesitanttosharetoomuchpersonalinformationtoobtainthem.Theyarecommonlywillingtosharedetailssuchastheirfrequentflyerorhotelloyaltynumber,preferredairlineandhotelbrandsandaircraftseatpreferences,butfewerthanhalfwouldsharetheirtravelhistory,preferredleisureactivitieswhiletraveling,theirbusinesscalendarwithbookedappointmentsandtheirsocialmediaaccountnames.”Whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrectaccordingtothecontext?A.USmarketaloneamountedto$291billionlastyearB.GBTAstandsfortravelers’interestC.USusedtobelargestsinglemarketintheindustryD.Globalbusinesstravelisstagnant

43、资料：KeepingtheZealofaStartupasYouScaleTherearemanyreasonsthatfounder-ledcompaniesaresogoodatdisruptingindustriesandmakinglifemiserableforslow-movingincumbents.Butperhapsthemostpowerfulisthatfounderscreategreatinsurgencies.Theyignoreestablishedindustryrulesandboundaries.Theycreatebetterwaystosolveoldproblems.Theydisdainanythingthatblurstheirfocusonthefrontline.Fromtoptobottom,theyareatwaragainsttheindustryleadersonbehalfofundeservedcustomers.Ourresearchonwhatwecallthe“founder’smentality”showsthatmaintainingastronginsurgentmissioniscriticaltolong-term,sustainablegrowth.Buttocompetelongterm,insurgentcompaniesalsoneedtodevelopscaleandscope,whichveryoftendullstheirinsurgent’szeal.Inmanyways,thisisbecausetheirperspectiveonthefutureslowlychanges.Insurgentsseethedaysahead—bothlongandshortterm—asripewithopportunity.Theyembracechangeandchaos.Theyinvestinwhateverittakestoinnovatenewsolutionsforcustomers.Incumbents,ontheotherhand,veryoftenseethefutureasathreat.Asleadersinvestedheavilyinthestatusquo,innovationanddisruptionarenotgoodforthem.Turbulenceerodesprofitability;innovationmarginalizestheircurrentproductofferings.Thefutureisnotbetter.Thecompaniesthatfindawaytoachievescalewithoutlosingtheirinsurgentmission---wecallthem“ScaleInsurgents”--remainacutelyalerttothisdifferenceinperspective.Theyactivelyfightbackagainsttheverynaturaltendencytoretreatbehindthecastlewallstoavoidfuturechangeandturbulence.Instead,theydowhatinsomecompaniesmightseemlikeheresy---theycommittodisruptingtheirowninsurgency.Theyknowthatacquiringthebenefitsofscalerequiresruthlessfocusonawell-definedcorebusinessandacommitmenttobuildingthesystemsandprocessestosupportit.Buttheyaren’tweddedtotheirbusinessmodel—theyareweddedtowhatwillservetheircustomersbest.Ratherthanerectingdefensesagainstthefuture,theyembracethenotionoflimitlesshorizons—theideathatacompanycanintelligentlyextendtheboundariesofitscoreeveroutward.Whatismaindifferencebetweenan“insurgent“companyandan“incumbent”company?A.AninsurgentcompanyinvestsmoreinthefuturewhileanincumbentcompanyinvestsmoreinthestatusquoB.AninsurgentcompanypreferschaostostabilityC.AninsurgentcompanyloveschallengingtheincumbentcompaniesD.Aninsurgentcompanyseeschangesasopportunitieswhileanincumbentcompanylovesstabilitymore

44、资料：“Iwouldn’tbeheretodayifnotforthegenerosityofstrangers,”saidMichaelMoritz,whileannouncingamajordonationtoOxfordUniversity.AformerTimeMagazinereporter,Mr.MoritzleftjournalismtobecomeoneofthemostsuccessfulventurecapitalistsinSiliconValley.ThroughSequoiaCapital,thefirmhejoinedin1986andhasledformanyyears,Mr.MoritzwasanearlyinvestorinGoogle,Yahoo,PayPalandLinkedIn.Hispersonalfortuneisestimatedatwellover$1billion.OxfordUniversityannouncedlastWednesdaythatheandhiswife,thenovelistHarrietHeyman,donated￡75million,or$115million,tofundanewscholarshipprogramaimedatprovidingfinancialaidtostudentsfromlow-incomebackgrounds.Behindtheheadlinesaboutthesizeofthegiftwasafamilystoryofimmigration,educationandasenseofobligationthattranscendedgenerations.“IgrewupinCardiff,wenttoanordinarycomprehensiveschool,andwastheonlypupilinmyyeartogotoOxbridge,”Mr.Moritzexplained.“MyfatherwaspluckedasateenagerfromNaziGermanyandwasabletoattendaverygoodschoolinLondononascholarship.”Inaninterviewafterward,Mr.Moritzsaidthathisfather,Alfred,hadgrownupinMunich,wherehisfatherwasajudgewholosthispostwhentheNaziscametopower.Mr.Moritz’smother,Doris,waspartofthekindertransport,arescueeffortthattookabout9,300unaccompanied,mostlyJewishchildrenfromGermany,Austria,PolandandCzechoslovakiatoBritainshortlybeforetheoutbreakofWorldWarⅡ.“Myfather’scousin,FritzUrsell,wasalsorescuedfromterriblecircumstances.WhenhecametoBritain,healsobenefitedfromscholarships,andgrewuptobecomeamemberoftheRoyalSociety,”saidMr.Moritz.“Itisalltooeasynottoremember,”saidMr.Moritz,whohasahistorymajorandtheeditorofIsis,Oxford’sstudentliterarymagazine,asanundergraduatebeforecompletinganMBAattheWhartonSchoolofUniversityofPennsylvania.InMay,Mr.Moritzannouncedthathehadbeendiagnosedwithararemedicalconditionwhichisincurable.Buthepreferrednottonamethedisease.“IfeltIwantedtobemypartnersandwiththepublic.ButIdidn’twanteveryghoulontheinternetfollowingme.”CharlotteAnderson,asecond-yearstudentstudyingGermanatOxfordandthefirstpersoninherfamilytogotoauniversity,saidthatanxietyabouttakingondebthadnearlykeptherfromacceptingtheofferfromtheschool.“it’sgreattothinkthatfuturestudentswhofollowmecandosowithoutthefearthatIwentthrough.”Shesaidwhileattendingthenewsconference.Askedwhethertheuniversity’scampaigntofinancestudentscholarshipsthroughprivatedonationsratherthangovernmentfundingmeantthatOxfordwasgivingupeffortstosecuremorepublicsupport,theuniversity’schancellor,ChrisPatten,aformerConservativeministertoPrimeMinisterMargaretThatcherandJohnMajor,jokedthathewas“nolongerallowedtohaveanypoliticalviews.”ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthefamilybackgroundofMr.Moritz().A.showedhowscholarshipchangedhisfamilymembers’lifeB.gavehimthemotivetostudyhardtobesuccessfulC.illustratedthathisfamilyemphasizedoneducationverymuchD.provedthatimmigrationfamilycanalsomakegreatachievements

45、资料：Nocredit，badcreditHearthetermsoftenenoughandtheycanblurtogether.Thesecreditstatusesaren’toneandthesame，though.Whetheryouhavenocreditorbadcredit，onething’sforsure：Youdon’thavegoodcredit.Andwithoutgoodcredit，you’llfaceanuphillbattleanytimeyouapplyforaloanorcreditcard.Potentiallenderswillwanttoknowthatyouwillalmostcertainlyrepayanymoneythatyouborrow.Theylikelywon’triskloaningmoneyorextendingcredittothosewhosecreditworthinessisabigquestionmarkor，worse，whohaveatrackrecordofpoormoneymanagement.Ifyoufallintoeitherofthesecategories，it’ssmarttofocusonraisingyourcreditscores.Ifyouhavenocreditscore，youdon’thaveacredithistory.Ifyouhavebadcredit，it’slikelythatyou’vemishandledcreditinthepast.Andthesetwoless-than-idealcreditstandingsrequiredifferentsolutions.Ifyoufallintheno-creditcategory，youhaven’tnecessarilymadeanyfinancialmistakes.Inthiscase，agoodwaytostartbuildingthathistoryistoacquireacreditcardforpeoplewithnocredit.Securedcreditcards（whichrequireasecuritydeposit）orcollegestudentcreditcardsaretypicallytheeasiesttoqualifyforifyouhavenocredit.Acredit-builderloancanalsohelpyouestablishcredit.Badcreditcanbearesultoffinancialmissteps，includingmissingpayments，defaultingonloans，orhavingaccountssenttocollections.Ifyoufallintothiscategoryandneedcredit，you’llneedtolookforabad-creditcreditcard.Asecuredcardorcredit-builderloanisagoodoptioninthissituation，aswell.Youalsomayqualifyforabad-creditpersonalloan.Ifyoustillhaveopenaccounts，paydownthebalancesbutdon’tclosecreditaccountsifyoucanavoidit.Peoplewithnocreditarejuststartingtobuildtheirfinancialreputation，whilethosewithbadcreditaredoingdamagecontrol.Movingfromoneoftheselessdesirablesituationstoagoodcreditstandingmayusedifferenttools，butthemethodismuchthesame：Makeyourpaymentsontimeandkeepyourdebtlow.Ittakesdiligenceanddedication，butitcanbedone.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto______.A.teachpeoplehowtohavecreditaccountsB.suggestwaysforpeopletokeepgoodcredi