纺织专业英语

《纺织染专业英语》LessonSixteenWeavesandVariationinWovenConstructionREVIEW1:whatisthemainaimofthechangesinloomscausedbytheIndustrialRevolutionandmassproduction?2:Howmanybeamsdoesthebasicmodernloomconsistof?Text三种基本的织物组织——平纹、斜纹和缎纹——可在普通织机上织造，不需要任何附属设备。Thethreebasicweaves——plain,twillandsatin——canbemadeonthesimpleloomwithouttheuseofanyattachment.平纹组织是三种基本组织中最简单的一种，它可用普通织机织造.

Plainweaveisthesimplestofthethreebasicweavesthatcanbemadeonasimpleloom.Plainweave平纹组织只需要用双综框织机，生产成本也最低.Itrequiresonlyatwo-harnessloomandistheleastexpensiveweavetoproduce.Plainweave在平纹组织中，每一根经纱一上一下交替地与纬纱交织，每一根纬纱也一上一下交替地与经纱交织.Inplainweaveeachfillingyarngoesalternatelyoverandthenunderonewarpyarn.PlainweaveThenextyarngoesoverandundertheoppositeyarnsfromtheprecedingone.下一根纱交织的上下位置与前一根相反.Plainweaveplainweave

薄型织物用较细的纱制成，其经纬密度低.Sheerfabricsaremadewithfineyarnsandlowclothcount.PlainweaveFabricsthatarestrong,yetlightinweight,maybewithfine-combedorwell-cardedyarnsandcoarseyarncount.坚牢而质量轻的织物可用精梳或粗梳得很好的纱或粗特纱制成.PlainweaveStrongheavyfabricsmaybemadewithlargeplyyarnscompactlywoven.坚牢厚重织物则可用粗股线紧密交织制成.PlainweaveSheerfabrics:

fineyarns高支纱，较细的纱lowclothcount经纬密度低Strongheavyfabrics:

largeplyyarns粗股线Fabricsthatarestrong,yetlightinweight:

fine-combedyarns精梳纱well-cardedyarns

（粗梳纱）coarseyarncount粗特纱由此，纱的种类和粗细以及织造时纱线的密度使平纹织物产生各种不同的质地外观.Thusvariationsintexture

andappearancearegiventoplainweavefabricsbythetypeandfinenessofyarnandthecompactnesswiththeyarewoven.Plainweave斜纹是第二种基本组织.Twillisthesecondbasicweave.TwillWeave

twillweaveTwillWeave

斜纹组织可由织物交织点和浮点的排列所形成斜纹线来识别，有些织物的斜纹比另一些织物更明显.Itisrecognizedbydiagonallines,insomefabricsmoreprominentthaninothers,formedacrossthefabricbyarrangementofinterlacingsandfloats.TwillWeaveTwillWeaveItisextensivelyusedinheavyandsturdycottonfabrics.这种组织广泛应用于重而结实的棉织品方面.普通织机和多臂织机都可以用来织造正则斜纹和变则斜纹，而提花织机则用于织造各种大花纹斜纹织物.Inweavingtwills,bothplainanddobbyloomsareusedforregularandirregulartwills,andthejacquardloomisusedforlarge-figurewoventwills.TwillWeavefiguredtwillweave斜纹变化组织TwillWeavecurvedtwill曲线斜纹shadedtwill阴影斜纹crossedtwill芦席斜纹fancytwills夹花斜纹skip-twill飞斜纹combinedtwills复合斜纹angulartwill角度斜纹angledtwill山形斜纹brokentwill破斜纹sawtoothtwill锯齿斜纹diamondtwill菱形斜纹缎纹组织是斜纹组织的变形，有长的浮纹和不清晰的交织点，用于织造各种缎子、棉锻等等.Stainweavesaretwillweavevariationswithlongfloatsandindistinctinterlacingandareusedinweavingsatin,sateen,etc.StainWeave交织点的间距较大、浮点较长，使得这种织物非常光滑.Thewidespacingofthepointsofinterlacingandthelongfloatsgiveaverysmoothtexture.StainWeavestainweaveStainWeave

StainWeave

stainweave缎纹是棉织物，经纱在面上的叫做经面棉缎，纬纱在面上的叫做纬面棉缎.Sateenarecottonfabrics,eitherwarp-facedreferredtoaswarpsateen,orfilling-facedreferredtoasfillingsateen.StainWeave丝织缎是一些很光滑的经面真丝、锦纶或再生纤维素纤维长丝织物.StainWeave

Satinsareverysmooth,w