大学英语四级考试完形填空冲刺练习题及详解

大学英语四级考试完形填空冲刺练习题及详解1.Localgovernmenthasdecidedto___thenewenvironmentalpolicytoreducecarbonemission.A.adaptB.adoptC.adjustD.adore2.Thepoorweathermay___thesmallcrowdattheoutdooractivitythisafternoon.A.countonB.accountforC.makeupD.takeover3.___theheavyraincontinued,thelocalresidentshadtomovetotemporaryshelters.A.SinceB.WhileC.AlthoughD.If4.Theresearcherspentthreemonthscollecting___dataforthenewstudyonadolescentmentalhealth.A.rawB.roughC.crudeD.rude5.Youngchildrenoftenfeelalotofanxiety___theirfirstdayatschool.A.withB.onC.aboutD.by6.Thecompanyhaslaunchedanewadvertisingcampaignto___itsbrandimageamongyoungconsumers.A.elevateB.liftC.raiseD.heighten7.Johnisveryhard-working;___,healwaysgetslowscoresinexamsduetoimproperlearningmethods.A.furthermoreB.thereforeC.howeverD.meanwhile8.Thenovel'suniquewritingstylehas___alotofattentionfromliterarycritics.A.paidB.appealedC.attachedD.attracted9.Itisbelievedthatabalanceddietisbeneficial___people'sphysicalandmentalhealth.A.forB.toC.ofD.with10.Whengivingapublicspeech,youshouldtrytoavoidusing___termsthatordinaryaudiencecannotunderstand.A.technicalB.specificC.partialD.particular1.Whenthefirebrokeout,the____(respond)teamarrivedatthescenewithin5minutes.2.Theteacher'sencouragingwordshadapositive____(affect)onthedepressedstudent.3.Accordingtotheofficial____(announce),thenewsubwaylinewillbeputintooperationnextmonth.4.Itis____(evidence)thathehasliedtothemanagerabouthisworkprogress.5.Theoldmanhasformedthehabitofgoingforawalkafterdinner____aregularbasis.6.Whendealingwithcross-culturalcommunicationissues,weshouldbemore____(tolerate)ofdifferentculturalcustoms.7.Thelocalgovernmenthastakenaseriesofmeasurestopreventthespreadofthedisease____large.8.Theyoungentrepreneur'ssuccessislargely____(attribute)tohisperseveranceandwillingnesstolearnfromfailures.9.Manyyoungpeoplechoosetodovolunteerworkduringholidays,____whichtheycangainvaluablesocialexperience.10.The____(survive)oftherareanimalspecieslargelydependsontheprotectionoftheirnaturalhabitats.1.做完形填空题时，应该先通读全文了解主旨大意，再逐空做题。2.完形填空中出现的逻辑连接词考点中，“thus”表示转折关系。3.固定搭配“incontrastto”表示“与…相比”，用于对比关系。4.词义辨析中，“sensitive”表示“明智的、合理的”，“sensible”表示“敏感的”。5.做完形填空题时，遇到不会的空可以先跳过，结合上下文语境后续再判断。6.“beconsistentwith”的含义是“与…一致”，是四级完形常考的固定搭配。7.完形填空中的逻辑关系只包含因果、转折两种，不需要考虑并列、递进等关系。8.词性辨析中，副词通常用来修饰动词、形容词或者其他副词，不能修饰名词。9.固定搭配“takeadvantageof”可以表示“利用（机会、优势等）”的含义。10.做完形填空题时，只需要看挖空所在的句子就能选出正确答案，不需要结合前后文内容。1.请简要说明大学英语四级选词填空类完形题的基本解题步骤。2.四级完形填空中常见的逻辑关系有哪几类？请至少列举4类并各举1个对应的逻辑连接词例子。3.当在完形填空中遇到陌生词汇时，可以采用哪些方法推断该词的含义？4.请简要说明四级完形填空考点中，词义辨析题的主要考查维度有哪些？Text:Inrecentyears,theconceptof"low-carbonlifestyle"hasbeenwidelypromotedaroundtheworld.Alow-carbonlifestylemeans___1___theenergypeopleuseindailylifesoastoreducecarbonemissions,especiallycarbondioxide.Itiswell-knownthathumanactivitieshavebeen___2___fortheriseofglobaltemperatureinthepastdecades.Thebadeffectsofglobalwarming,suchasextremeweatherevents,meltingicecapsandrisingsealevels,havealready___3___ahugethreattohumansurvivalanddevelopment.Therefore,advocatingalow-carbonlifestyleisofgreat___4___forthewholehumansociety.Forordinarypeople,therearemanywaysto___5___alow-carbonlifestyleindailylife.Firstofall,peoplecanchoosepublictransport,ridebicyclesorwalkinsteadofdrivingprivatecarswhengoingout,whichcan___6___reducethecarbonemissionsfromtransportation.Second,peopleshouldformthehabitof___7___offelectricalappliancessuchasTVs,computersandairconditionerswhentheyarenotinuse,tosaveelectricity.Third,whenbuyingdailynecessities,peopleare___8___tochooseproductswithsimplepackagingandavoidusingdisposableplasticproductsasmuchaspossible.What'smore,___9___foodisalsoanimportantpartofalow-carbonlifestyle,asfoodproductionconsumesalotofenergyandproducesalargeamountofgreenhousegases.Manypeoplemaythinkthatlow-carbonlifestyleisfarawayfromtheirdailylives,andthatoneperson'ssmalleffortshavelittle___10___ontheoverallenvironmentalsituation.___11___,ifeverypersonmakesasmallchange,thecumulativeeffectwillbehuge.Forexample,ifeachpersonsaves1kilowatt-hourofelectricityamonth,thewholecountrycansavebillionsofkilowatt-hoursofelectricityayear,whichcan___12___reducealargeamountofcarbonemissions.Inordertopromotethelow-carbonlifestyle,thegovernment,socialorganizationsandindividualsshouldwork___13___.Thegovernmentcanintroducerelevantpoliciesto___14___peopletochooselow-carbonwaysoflife,suchasprovidingsubsidiesfornewenergyvehiclesandbuildingmorededicatedbicyclelanes.Socialorganizationscancarryoutvariouspublicityactivitiestoraisepeople's___15___ofenvironmentalprotection.Asforindividuals,weshouldstartfromsmallthingsindailylifeand___16___theconceptoflow-carbonlifestyleintoourdailybehaviors.Arecentsurveyshowsthatmoreandmoreyoungpeoplehavealreadyrealizedthe___17___oflow-carbonlifestyle,andaretakingactiontochangetheirlivinghabits.Itisbelievedthat___18___thejointeffortsofthewholesociety,wewillbeabletobuildabetterworldwherepeoplelivein___19___withnature,andrealizethe___20___developmentofbothhumansocietyandtheenvironment.1.请选出文中1-5空的正确选项1.A.increasingB.reducingC.wastingD.saving2.A.responsibleB.negativeC.cautiousD.critical3.A.posedB.broughtC.takenD.made4.A.difficultyB.interestC.importanceD.possibility5.A.adjustB.adaptC.adoptD.admit2.请选出文中6-10空的正确选项6.A.slightlyB.significantlyC.narrowlyD.hardly7.A.turningB.takingC.puttingD.getting8.A.commandedB.suggestedC.encouragedD.forced9.A.purchasingB.wastingC.storingD.saving10.A.commentB.impactC.resultD.pressure3.请选出文中11-15空的正确选项11.A.BesidesB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Otherwise12.A.indirectlyB.directlyC.impossiblyD.uncertainly13.A.respectivelyB.separatelyC.individuallyD.together14.A.discourageB.encourageC.prohibitD.warn15.A.awarenessB.consciousnessC.recognitionD.knowledge4.请选出文中16-20空的正确选项16.A.divideB.integrateC.separateD.isolate17.A.meaningB.advantageC.significanceD.disadvantage18.A.withB.underC.forD.by19.A.combinationB.conflictC.harmonyD.contrast20.A.sustainableB.rapidC.temporaryD.immediate标准答案及解析一、单选题答案1.B2.B3.A4.A5.C6.A7.C8.D9.B10.A解析：1.考点：形近词辨析。adapt适应；adopt采纳、收养；adjust调整；adore喜爱。语境为采纳新政策，选B。2.考点：固定搭配辨析。counton依靠；accountfor导致、解释；makeup编造、弥补；takeover接管。语境为天气导致人数少，选B。3.考点：逻辑连接词。since因为、既然；while当…时、尽管；although尽管；if如果。前后为因果关系，选A。4.考点：固定搭配。rawdata原始数据，为科研场景固定表达，rough粗糙的；crude未加工的（多指石油等原料）；rude粗鲁的，选A。5.考点：固定搭配。anxietyaboutsth对…感到焦虑，为固定用法，选C。6.考点：近义词辨析。elevate提升（形象、地位等抽象事物）；lift抬起（具体物体）；raise举起、筹集；heighten增强（感觉、情绪），修饰品牌形象选A。7.考点：逻辑连接词。furthermore此外；therefore因此；however然而；meanwhile同时。前后为转折关系，选C。8.考点：词义辨析。pay支付；appeal吸引，后需接to；attach依附；attract吸引，attractattention为固定搭配，选D。9.考点：固定搭配。bebeneficialto对…有益，为固定用法，选B。10.考点：词义辨析。technical专业的；specific具体的；partial部分的；particular特定的。technicalterms专业术语，符合语境，选A。二、填空题答案1.response2.effect3.announcement4.evident5.on6.tolerant7.at8.attributed9.from10.survival解析：1.空格处修饰team，需填respond的名词形式response，responseteam响应团队。2.空格前为形容词positive，需填名词，affect为动词，对应名词effect表示影响。3.空格前为形容词official，需填announce的名词形式announcement表示公告。4.空格处为表语，需填evidence的形容词形式evident表示明显的。5.固定搭配onaregularbasis定期地，填介词on。6.空格前为be动词，需填tolerate的形容词形式tolerant表示宽容的。7.固定搭配atlarge大范围地，填介词at。8.固定搭配beattributedto归因于，需填过去分词attributed构成被动语态。9.定语从句中介词前置，gainexperiencefromsth从…获得经验，填介词from。10.空格前为定冠词the，需填survive的名词形式survival表示生存。三、判断题答案1.√2.×3.√4.×5.√6.√7.×8.√9.√10.×解析：2.thus表示因果关系，不是转折，错误。4.sensitive表示敏感的，sensible表示明智的，词义颠倒，错误。7.完形逻辑关系包括并列、递进、让步、对比等多种，错误。10.完形题目需结合上下文语境判断，仅看单句容易出错，错误。四、简答题评分标准及答题要点1.答题要点：①首先标注选项词汇的词性（名词、动词、形容词、副词等）；②通读全文，了解文章主旨大意和段落逻辑；③分析每个挖空处需要的词性，结合语境和固定搭配匹配对应选项；④代入选项通读全文，检查逻辑和语法是否通顺。评分标准：答对3个要点得3-4分，答对2个得2分，答对1个得1分，答错不得分。2.答题要点：常见逻辑关系包括：①因果关系，对应连接词如because、thus、therefore；②转折关系，对应连接词如but、however、yet；③并列关系，对应连接词如and、also、meanwhile；④递进关系，对应连接词如furthermore、moreover；⑤让步关系，对应连接词如although、though、evenif；⑥对比关系，对应连接词如while、whereas、incontrast。评分标准：答对4类及以上对应逻辑和连接词得3-4分，答对2-3类得2分，答对1类得1分，答错不得分。3.答题要点：①通过词根词缀判断词义，如常见前缀un-、dis-表否定，后缀-tion、-ment表名词等；②结合上下文逻辑关系，通过前后句的因果、转折等关系推断词义；③查看词汇附近的同位语、定语从句等解释性内容判断词义；④结合固定搭配结构，通过前后搭配的介词、动词等推断词义。评分标准：答对3个及以上方法得3-4分，答对2个得2分，答对1个得1分，答错不得分。