初中英语语法：双宾语结构

英语语法：双宾语结构一、什么是双宾语？双宾语结构（DoubleObject）是指一个及物动词后面同时跟两个宾语：一个是间接宾语（指人，表示动作接受者），另一个是直接宾语（指物，表示动作承受者）。核心公式：主语+双宾语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物）二、双宾语结构的基本形式形式一：V+人（间接宾语）+物（直接宾语）例句间接宾语（人）直接宾语（物）Shegave

me

a

book.mebookHebought

hismother

some

flowers.hismotherflowersPleasepass

me

the

salt.mesaltItold

him

a

story.himstory形式二：V+物（直接宾语）+介词+人（间接宾语）当间接宾语后移时，需要加介词

to（表“给”）或

for（表“为”）。例句直接宾语（物）介词+间接宾语（人）Shegavea

book

tome.booktomeHeboughtsome

flowers

forhismother.flowersforhismotherPleasepassthe

salt

tome.salttomeItolda

story

tohim.storytohim三、常见双宾语动词分类用

to

的动词（表“给予/传递/告知”）动词含义例句（用to）give给Igaveagift

toher.send发送Shesentanemail

tome.show展示Pleaseshowyourticket

totheguard.tell告诉Tellthenews

toeveryone.teach教HeteachesEnglish

tous.lend借出Couldyoulendyourpen

tome?offer提供Thecompanyofferedajob

tohim.read读给Shereadthestory

toherson.write写给Hewrotealetter

tohisparents.pass传递Passthesalt

tome,please.hand递交Handthereport

tothemanager.throw扔给Throwtheball

tome.用

for

的动词（表“为某人做某事”）动词含义例句（用for）buy买Sheboughtadress

forherdaughter.make制作Hemadeacake

forhiswife.cook烹饪Icookeddinner

formyfamily.draw画Shedrewapicture

forme.get取/买Canyougetsomemilk

forme?find找到Ifoundajob

formybrother.prepare准备Hepreparedagift

forher.sing唱歌Shesangasong

forus.bring带来Pleasebringapresent

forher.order订购Iorderedapizza

foryou.用

of

的动词（特殊）动词含义例句ask向某人询问Heaskedaquestion

ofme.四、双宾语vs宾补结构这是语法考查中最高频的混淆点。核心判断标准：间接宾语和直接宾语之间没有逻辑关系，而宾语和宾补之间有逻辑关系。对比维度双宾语宾补结构宾语数量两个（人和物）一个（人或物）宾语之间关系无逻辑关系有主谓关系（补语说明宾语）补语词性只能是指人的名词+指物的名词名词/形容词/分词/不定式/介词短语对比例句结构判断依据Hegave

me

a

book.双宾语me（人）和book（物），两者无关Hemade

me

a

teacher.宾补me和teacher是同一个人（我是老师）Shefound

him

a

goodstudent.宾补him=agoodstudentShefound

him

a

goodjob.双宾语him（人）和job（物），两者无关Wechose

him

our

leader.宾补him=ourleaderWechose

him

anice

gift.双宾语him（人）和gift（物），两者无关五、双宾语结构转换规则规则一：用

to

的动词V+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物）

⇔V+直接宾语（物）+to+间接宾语（人）原句转换后Shegave

me

a

book.Shegavea

book

tome.Hesent

hisfriend

an

email.Hesentan

email

tohisfriend.Pleasetell

me

the

truth.Pleasetellthe

truth

tome.Shetaught

us

English.ShetaughtEnglish

tous.规则二：用

for

的动词V+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物）

⇔V+直接宾语（物）+for+间接宾语（人）原句转换后Shebought

me

a

gift.Sheboughta

gift

forme.Hemade

hisson

a

toy.Hemadea

toy

forhisson.Mymothercooked

us

dinner.Mymothercookeddinner

forus.Shesang

us

asong.Shesangasong

forus.六、双宾语高频动词汇总to类动词（给予/传递/告知）动词含义例句give给Hegavemeabook.send发送Shesentmeanemail.show展示Showmeyourticket.tell告诉Tellmethetruth.teach教HeteachesusEnglish.lend借出Lendmeyourpen.offer提供Theyofferedhimajob.read读给Readmethestory.write写给Writemealetter.pass传递Passmethesalt.hand递交Handmethatpen.throw扔给Throwmethemise承诺Hepromisedmeachance.pay付给Paymethemoney.owe欠Ioweyouanapology.for类动词（为某人做某事）动词含义例句buy买Buymeahat.make制作Makemeacoffee.cook烹饪Cookmeameal.draw画Drawmeapicture.get取/买Getmesomewater.find找到Findmeaseat.prepare准备Preparemearoom.sing唱歌Singmeasong.bring带来Bringmeatowel.order订购Ordermeapizza.choose挑选Choosemeagift.build建造Buildmeahouse.特殊动词动词含义注意ask询问Heaskedmeaquestion.介词+双宾语动词归类介词动词含义togive,send,show,tell,teach,lend,offer,read,write,pass,hand,throw,promise,pay,owe给予/传递/告知forbuy,make,cook,draw,get,find,prepare,sing,bring,order,choose,build为某人做某事ofask询问七、重点对比：give/buy/makegive（用to）Igave

him

a

book.→Igavea

book

tohim.✅Igave

him

a

book.→Igavea

book

forhim.❌buy（用for）Shebought

me

a