机构研究报告-Scotland-外文版培训课件

POLITICS

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SOCIETYScotlandCHAPTER

01DemographicsPopulationofScotlandfrom1971to2023PopulationofScotland1971-20235,600,0005,500,0005,400,0005,300,0005,200,0005,100,0005,000,0001971

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20234Description:In2023,thepopulationofScotlandwasapproximately5.49million,comparedwith2000whenthepopulationwasjustoverfivemillion.Between1974and2000,thepopulationofScotlandfellby172,600,beforegrowingatarelativelyfastrateafter2000,andsurpassingthe1974populationby2010.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);1971to2023Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)EstimatedpopulationofScotlandin2023,byagegroupPopulationofScotland2023,byagegroup450,000400,000350,000300,000250,000200,000150,000100,00050,00000-45-910-14

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90andover5/statistics/533482/scotland-population-by-ageTherewereapproximately406,756peopleagedbetween55and59inScotlandin2023,themostofanyagegroupinthatyear.Bycontrast,therewerejust45,547peoplewhowereagedover90inthisyear,thefewestoftheprovidedagegroups.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);2023Source(s):NationalRecordsofScotlandEstimatedpopulationofScotlandin2023,bycouncilareaPopulationofScotland2023,bycouncilareaEstimatedmid-yearpopulation0100,000200,000300,000400,000500,000600,000700,000GlasgowCityCityofEdinburghFife631,970523,250373,210NorthLanarkshireSouthLanarkshireAberdeenshireHighland341,890330,280264,320236,330227,750AberdeenCityRenfrewshireWestLothianFalkirk186,540183,810158,620PerthandKinrossDundeeCity152,560150,3906Description:In2023,therewereapproximately631,970peoplelivinginGlasgow,withafurther523,250peoplelivingintheScottishcapital,Edinburgh,thefirstandsecondmost-populatedScottishcouncilareasrespectively.TheregionofFifeisalsoheavilypopulated,withapproximately373,210peoplelivingthere.TheleastpopulatedareasaretheislandsofScotlandsuchasOrkney,estimatedtohaveonly22,000peoplethere.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);2023Source(s):NationalRecordsofScotlandLifeexpectancyinScotlandin2020/22,byageandgenderLifeexpectancyinScotlandin2022,byageandgenderMalesFemales9080706050403020100Age7Description:In2020/22,lifeexpectancyatbirthinScotlandwas80.73yearsforwomenand76.52yearsformen.Forpeopleaged65inScotlandlifeexpectancywas19.61yearsforwomenand17.29yearsformen.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);2020to2022Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)CrudebirthrateinScotlandfrom1855to2021CrudebirthrateinScotland1855-20214035302520151058Description:In2021,thebirthrateper1,000populationinScotlandwas8.7,comparedwith8.6inthepreviousyear.Between1999and2002thebirthrateinScotlandfellfrom13.2to10.1,followedbyabriefperiodofincreasingbirthratesbetween2002and2008beforestartingtodeclineafterward.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);1855to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)TotalfertilityrateinScotlandfrom1971to2021TotalfertilityrateinScotland1971-20212.82.62.42.22.01.81.61.41.21.09Description:In2021thetotalfertilityrateinScotlandwas1.31,comparedwith1.29inthepreviousyear,whichwasthelowestithasbeeninthisprovidedtimeperiod.From2002onwardsthetotalfertilityrateinScotlandincreasedfrom1.47toapeakof1.76in2008.Since2008thetotalfertilityrateinScotlandhasfallenrapidly,withonlyaslightincreaseoccurringbetween2013and2014.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);1971to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)NumberofmarriagesinScotlandfrom1855to2021NumberofmarriagesinScotland1855-202165,00055,00045,00035,00025,00015,0005,00010Description:Therewere24,284marriagesinScotlandin2021,anincreaseofaround12,300marriageswhencomparedwiththepreviousyearwhentherewere11,986marriages,thefewestnumberofmarriagesintheprovidedtimeperiod.Allmarriagesbefore2014wereforopposite-sexmarriages,withsame-sexmarriagefirstmadelegalinScotlandonDecember16,2014followingtheMarriageandCivilPartnershipAct.Duringthistimeperiod,theyearwiththemostmarriageswas1940,whenthere[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);1855to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)NumberofdivorcesinScotlandfrom1855to2020NumberofdivorcesinScotland1855-202016,00014,00012,00010,0008,0006,0004,0002,000011Description:Therewere5,980divorcesthattookplaceinScotlandin2020,anincreaseonthepreviousyearof1,848.Duringtheprovidedtimeperiod,divorcesinScotlandhavebeenfallinggraduallyafterpeakingat13,012in2006.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);1855to2020Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)CHAPTER

02EconomicindicatorsGrossdomesticproductofScotlandfrom1998to2022(inmillionGBP)GDPofScotland1998-2022175,000165,000155,000145,000135,000125,000115,000105,0001998

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202213Description:In2022,thegrossdomesticproductofScotlandwasapproximately166.6billionBritishpounds,comparedwith161.2billionpoundsin2021.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);1999to2022Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)AnnualgrowthrateofgrossdomesticproductinScotlandfrom1999to2022GDPgrowthinScotland1999-202215%10%9.4%3.7%3.7%3.4%5%0%3.5%3.2%3.1%3.2%2.9%3%2.5%2.4%2.3%2.1%1.9%1.3%1.4%1.5%0.8%0.9%0.5%0.1%-4.1%-5%-10%-15%-12.5%1999

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202214Description:Scotland'sgrossdomesticproductgrewby3.2percentin2022,comparedwith9.4percentin2021.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);1999to2022Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)GrossdomesticproductpercapitainScotlandfrom1998to2022(inGBP)GDPpercapitaScotland1998-202231,50030,50029,50028,50027,50026,50025,50024,50023,50022,50021,50030,87530,60230,55730,58629,47729,85929,82329,72628,93128,32328,52728,47027,97627,18426,34525,60524,89828,00127,55427,19627,01624,58723,75022,87022,3831998

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202215Description:ThegrossdomesticproductpercapitainScotlandwas30,586Britishpoundsin2022,comparedwith29,477poundsin2021.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);1998to2022Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)GrossdomesticproductofScotlandin2022,bylocal(ITL3)area(inmillionGBP)GDPofScotland2022,bylocalareaGDPinmillionGDP(CVM2019)*5,000010,00015,00020,00025,00030,000CityofEdinburghGlasgowCity28,04625,817AberdeenCityandAberdeenshireClackmannanshireandFifeNorthLanarkshire17,7669,9989,625SouthLanarkshireInverclyde,EastRenfrewshire,andRenfrewshirePerthandKinross,andStirling7,7647,7327,2146,493AngusandDundeeCityInvernessandNairn,Moray,BadenochandStrathspeyWestLothian6,1526,088EastAyrshireandNorthAyrshiremainlandEastDunbartonshire,WestDunbartonshire,andHelensburghandLomond5,0754,60316Description:TheCityofEdinburghhadagrossdomesticproductofjustover28billionBritishpoundsin2022,themostofanylocalareaofScotland.GlasgowCityhadthesecond-highestGDPofScottishlocalareas,atjustunder25.8billionpoundsfollowedbyAberdeenCityandAberdeenshireataround17.76billionpounds.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);2022Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)AnnualgrowthratesofgrossdomesticproductinScotlandin2022,bylocal(ITL3)areaGDPgrowthofScotland2022,bylocalareaAnnualgrowthrate0%

1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%9%ScotlandSouthAyrshire3.2%7.9%CityofEdinburgh6.2%CaithnessandSutherland,andRossandCromartySouthLanarkshire5.7%5.5%5.4%5.1%5%4.6%4.4%4.1%GlasgowCityEastAyrshireandNorthAyrshiremainlandAberdeenCityandAberdeenshireWestLothianInvernessandNairn,Moray,BadenochandStrathspeyEastDunbartonshire,WestDunbartonshire,andHelensburghandLomondOrkneyIslands3.8%3.7%AngusandDundeeCity17/statistics/1243893/scotland-gdp-growth-by-local-areaIn2022annualgrowthratesforgrossdomesticproductinregionsofScotlandvariedfromahighof7.9percentinSouthAyrshire,to-4.3percentinNah-EileananSiar.Duringthisyear,theoverallScottisheconomygrewbyanestimated3.2percent.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);2022Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)NumberofpeopleemployedinScotlandfrom1stquarter2000to3rdquarter2024NumberofpeopleemployedinScotland2000-20242,7502,7002,6502,6002,5502,5002,4502,4002,3502,3002,25018Description:Asofthethirdquarterof2024,therewereapproximately2.6millionpeopleemployedinScotland,aslightdeclineonthepreviousquarter.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);Q12000toQ32024Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)UnemploymentrateinScotlandfrom1stquarter2000to3rdquarter2024UnemploymentrateinScotland2000-20249.5%8.5%7.5%6.5%5.5%4.5%3.5%2.5%19Description:Scotland'sunemploymentrateinthethirdquarterof2024was3.4percent,comparedwith4.4percentinthepreviousquarter.Duringthistimeperiod,Scotland'sunemploymentratewasatitshighestinthefourthquarterof2011whenitreached8.6percent.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);Q12000toQ32024;16yearsandolderSource(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)YouthunemploymentrateinScotlandfrom3rdquarter2001to3rdquarter2024YouthunemploymentrateinScotland2001-202430%25%20%15%10%5%0%20Description:Asofthethirdquarterof2024,theyouthunemploymentrateinScotlandwas14percent,comparedwith14.5percentinthepreviousquarter.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);Q32001toQ32024;16-24yearsSource(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)Medianannualearningsforfull-timeemployeesinScotlandfrom1999to2024(innominalGBP)Averageannualearningsforfull-timeemployeesinScotland1999-202440,00035,00030,00025,00035,51831,67230,00028,33527,68726,48925,49024,99323,09821,31219,79920,00015,00010,00018,61016,9141999

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202421Description:Themedianannualearningsforfull-timeemployeesinScotlandwasapproximately38,315Britishpoundsin2024,comparedwith35,518poundsinthepreviousyear.Atthestartoftheprovidedtimeperiod,in1999,theaveragefull-timesalaryinScotlandwas16,914poundsperyear,withmedianearningsexceeding20,000poundsperyearin2004,andreaching30,000poundsby2019.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);1999to2024Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)Averageactualweeklyhoursofworkforfull-timeworkersinScotlandfrom4thquarter2004to3rdquarter2024Averageweeklyhoursofworkforfull-timeworkersinScotland2004-202438.037.036.035.034.033.032.022Description:Inthethirdquarterof2024,theaverageworkinghoursforfull-timeworkersinScotlandwas35.9hoursperweek,downfromthepreviousquarterwhenitwas36.1hours.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);Q42004toQ32024Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)NumberofprivatesectorbusinessesinScotlandfrom2010to2024(in1,000s)NumberofprivatesectorbusinessesinScotland2010-2024400350369.9355346.2341342340.8333.9331.4326.1324.8322.7319.1298.3292.630025020015010050285020102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023202423Description:Therewereapproximately355,000privatesectorbusinessesoperatinginScotlandasof2024,comparedwith298,300inthepreviousyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);2010to2024Source(s):GOV.UK;UKDepartmentforBusiness,EnergyandIndustrialStrategyCHAPTER

03Politics&GovernmentShouldScotlandbeanindependentcountry?ShareofvotesintheScottishindependencereferendum201460%50%55.5%45.5%40%30%20%10%0%YesNo25Description:OnSeptember18,2014,ScotlandvotedtoremainapartoftheUnitedKingdom,with55.5percentofScottishvotersanswerednotothequestion'ShouldScotlandbeanindependentcountry?',with45.5percentanswering'yes'.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdomSource(s):ElectoralManagementBoardVotingintentioninareferendumonScottishindependencefromJanuary2018toSeptember2024VotingintentioninareferendumonScottishindependence2018-2024YesNo58%56%54%52%50%48%46%44%42%40%57%56%55%55%55%54%

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202426Description:AsofSeptember2024,56percentofadultsinScotlandsaidtheywouldnotsupportScotlandbeingindependentfromtheUnitedKingdom,comparedwith44percentwhowouldsupportit.SupportforScottishindependencereached53percentinAugust2020,thehighestlevelofsupportforindependenceintheprovidedtimeperiod.ThehighestoppositiontoindependencewasinJanuary2018,when57percentofpeopleinScotlandadvisedtheywouldvotenoinahypotheticalreferendum.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);August29toSeptember3,2024;1,063*;16yearsandolder;ScottishadultsSource(s):YouGovShareofvotesinUKgeneralelectionsinScotlandfrom1918to2024,bypoliticalpartyShareofvoteswoninUKgeneralelectionsinScotlandelections1918-2024Conservatives/UnionistParty*60%LabourLiberalDemocratsSNPOther50%40%30%20%10%0%27Description:In2024,theScottishLabourPartywonthehighestshareofScottishvotesinthe2024UKGeneralElectionat35.3percent.TheScottishNationalParty(SNP),whowonthehighestshareofvotesin2019,had30percentofthevotesin2024,followedbytheScottishConservativeson12.7percent,andtheScottishLiberalDemocratson9.7percent.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);1945to2024Source(s):ParliamentoftheUnitedKingdomNumberofseatswoninScottishParliamentaryelectionsfrom1999to2021,bypartyNumberofseatswoninScottishParliamentaryelections1999-2021SNPLabourConservativesLiberalDemocratsGreenPartyOther140120100801050201226810754171615173117463118563769185024632260406447203527019992003200720112016202128Description:TheScottishNationalParty(SNP)won64seatsinthe2021ScottishParliamentelection,meaningtheyarethelargestpartyintheScottishParliamentforthefourthconsecutiveelection.TheSNPwononemoreseatthantheydidinthepreviouselectionin2016,withthesecond-largestpartybeingtheConservativeparty,on31seats,andtheLabourpartywinning22.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1999to2021Source(s):BBC;ScottishParliamentIftherewereaUKgeneralelectionheldtomorrow,whichpartywouldyouvotefor?(January2018toJune2024)ScotlandvotingintentioninaUKgeneralelection2018-2024SNPLabourConservativesLiberalDemocrats60%50%40%30%20%10%0%JanJunAprAprAugNovMarAprNovMayOctJanFebMarAprAugSepOctAprMayJun2018

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202429Description:AsofJune2024,approximately30percentofpeopleinScotlandwouldvotefortheScottishNationalParty(SNP)inaUKgeneralelection,while34percentwouldvotefortheLabourParty.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);June3-7,2024;1,068respondents;18yearsandolder;ScottishadultsSource(s):YouGovIftherewereanelectiontotheScottishParliamenttomorrow,howwouldyouvote?(January2018toJune2024)VotingintentionfortheScottishParliament(Holyrood)elections2018-2024ScottishNationalPartyLabourPartyConservativePartyLiberalDemocratsGreenPartyOther60%50%40%30%20%10%0%JanJunAprAprAugNovMarAprNovMayOctJanFebMarAprAugSepOctAprMayJun2018

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202430Description:AsofJune2024,approximately34percentofScottishadultsintendedtovotefortheScottishNationalParty(SNP)inthenextScottishParliament(Holyrood)elections,comparedwith33percentwhointendedtovotefortheLabourParty,and13percentwhowouldvoteConservative.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);June3-7,2024;1,114respondents;16yearsandolder;ScottishadultsSource(s):YouGovCHAPTER

04CrimeNumberofpolicerecordedcrimesinScotlandfrom2002/03to2023/24NumberofcrimesinScotland2002-2024600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,000032Description:Therewere299,780crimesrecordedbythepoliceinScotlandin2023/24,asimilarfiguretothepreviousyear,whentherewere289,352crimesreported.Duringthistimeperiod,thereisacleartrendoffallingcrime,with2004/05havingthehighestnumberofcrimes,and2021/22thefewest.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);April1,2002toMarch31,2024Source(s):ScottishGovernmentCrimerateper10,000populationinScotlandfrom2002/03to2023/24CrimerateinScotland2002-20241,0501,00796995993493095085075065055045088886878474972463062259157056156255955255054853152333Description:In2023/24thecrimerateinScotlandwas561crimesper10,000people,oneofthelowestcrimeratesrecordedinthistimeperiod.Afterpeakingat1,007in2004/05,thecrimerateinScotlandhasfallensignificantly,reachingalowinthe2021/22reportingyear.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);April1,2002

toMarch31,2024Source(s):ScottishGovernmentNumberofpolicerecordedmurderandculpablehomicidecrimesrecordedinScotlandfrom2002/03to2023/24NumberofhomicidecrimesinScotland2002-2024160134140120100801231191151079897949180666563636161605959586052484020034Description:Therewere58murderandculpablehomicidecrimesrecordedbythepoliceinScotlandinthe2022/23reportingyear,comparedwith52inthepreviousyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);April1,2002toMarch31,2024Source(s):ScottishGovernmentNumberoftheftoffencesrecordedinScotlandfrom2002/03to2023/24NumberoftheftoffencesinScotland2002-2024250,000200,000150,000100,00050,000035Description:Therewereapproximately111,054theftoffencesinScotlandin2023/24,comparedwith103,393inthepreviousyear.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);April1,2002toMarch31,2024Source(s):ScottishGovernmentNumberofsexualcrimesrecordedinScotlandfrom2002/03to2023/24NumberofsexualcrimesinScotland2002-202416,00014,00012,00010,0008,0006,0004,0002,000036Description:Therewere14,484sexualcrimesinScotlandin2023/24,almostdoubletheamountrecordedtenyearsearlier.Since2008/09sexualoffenceshaveincreasedinalmosteveryreportingyearinScotlandwiththepeakoccurringin2021/22,at15,049sexualoffences.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);April1,2002toMarch31,2024Source(s):ScottishGovernmentNumberofdrugoffencesrecordedinScotlandfrom2002/03to2023/24NumberofdrugoffencesinScotland2002-202450,00045,00040,00035,00030,00025,00020,00015,00010,0005,000037/statistics/328079/drug-crime-scotlandIn2023/24therewere25,344drugoffencesrecordedbythepoliceinScotland.Between2002/03and2023/24thenumberofdrugoffencesinScotlandhasfluctuated,peakingin2005/06at44,247andfallingtoitslowestfigureinthemostrecentyear.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);April1,2002toMarch31,2024Source(s):ScottishGovernmentNumberofrobberyoffencesrecordedinScotlandfrom2002/03to2023/24NumberofrobberyoffencesinScotland2002-20245,0004,5004,0003,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,000500038Description:Therewere1,922robberyoffencesinScotlandin2023/24comparedwith1,623inthepreviousreportingyear.Between2002/03and2015/16robberyoffencesinScotlanddeclinedfrom4,636tojust1,327,althoughtherehasbeenaslightincreaseinthenumberofoffencesrecently.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);April1,2002toMarch31,2024Source(s):ScottishGovernmentCHAPTER

05EducationNumberofpupilsattendingschoolsinScotlandfrom2013to2024,byschooltypeNumberofschoolpupilsinScotland2013-2024EarlylearningandchildcarePrimarySecondarySpecial900,000800,000700,000600,000500,000400,000300,000200,000100,000020132014201520162017201820192020202120222023202440Description:In2024,therewere792,749pupilsattendingschoolsinScotland,ofwhich,379,354attendedprimaryschools,withafurther315,072atsecondaryschool,90,321atearlylearningandchildcarecenters,and8,002atspecialschools.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);2013to2024Source(s):ScottishGovernmentNumberoffull-timeteachersinScotlandfrom2013to2024NumberofteachersinScotland2013-2024EarlylearningandchildcarePrimarySecondarySpecialCentrallyemployed60,00050,00040,00030,00020,00010,000020132014201520162017201820192020202120222023202441Description:Therewere53,414teachersinScotlandin2024,withthevastmajorityworkingateitherprimaryorsecondaryschools.Comparedwith2013,thenumberofteachersinScotlandhasincreasedbyaround2,300teachers.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);2013to2024Source(s):ScottishGovernmentNumberofpubliclyfundedschoolsinScotlandfrom2013to2024,byschooltypeNumberofschoolsinScotland2013-2024EarlylearningandchildcarePrimarySecondarySpecial6,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,000020132014201520162017201820192020202120222023202442Description:Therewerearound5,020publiclyfundedschoolsinScotlandin2024,withthevastmajorityofthesebeingeitherearlylearningandchildcarecenters,orprimaryschools.Inthisyear,therewerejust360highschoolsinScotlandandafurther107specialschools.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);2013to2024Source(s):ScottishGovernmentRatioofpupilstoteachersinScotlandfrom2013to2024,byschooltypePupiltoteacherratioinScotland2013-2024Overall16.4Secondary16.1Primary15.9Special15.41816141210816.816.716.516.615.515.315.315.113.912.214141413.912.213.812.313.812.413.612.513.512.413.512.513.612.613.412.412.212.212.263.83.83.73.73.73.53.53.63.63.63.63.742020132014201520162017201820192020202120222023202443Description:In2024,thepupiltoteacherratioforschoolsinScotlandwas13.6,withprimaryschoolshavingthehighestratioofpupilstoteachers,andspecialschoolshavingthelowest,at3.7pupilsperteacher.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);2013to2024Source(s):ScottishGovernmentNational5exampassratesinScotlandfrom2014to2024National5passratesScotland2014-202491%89%89%87%85.8%85%83%81%79%77%75%81.2%80.8%79.9%201579.5%201679.5%201778.8%202378.2%201977.4%201877.2%2024201420202021202244Description:In2024thepassrate(agradebetweenAandC)forScotland'sNational5qualificationwas77.7percent,comparedwith78.8percentin2023.Theconditionsinwhichthe2020and2021examswereassessedweresignificantlydifferentfrompreviousyearsduetotheCOVID-19pandemic.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(Scotland);2014to2024Source(s):ScottishQualificationsAuthorityDistributionofNational5examgradelevelresultsfrom2014to2024National5graderesultsScotland2014-2024ABCDNoaward100%90%