2026年山东省青岛市中考英语试题

年山东省青岛市中考英语试题阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Nowadays,anumberofyoungpeoplearebecoming"newfarmers".Withlotsofnewskills,theyareturningtraditionalfarmingintomodernonline1．.GengPeipei,a26-year-oldmanfromShanxiProvince,hashisowncattle(牛)farm.Heis2．ontheInternetwithover280,000followers.But3．hereturnedtohisvillagetokeepcattle,hedidnotgethisparents'support.Hisparentsaretraditionalfarmers.Theythoughtcattlefarmingwas4．work.Theyhadasmallfamilyfarmandeachyeartheywaitedforcattletraderstoshowupwithatake-it-or-leave-itprice.Theyworkedreallyhard,butthemoneytheycouldmakewas5．uptothem.Genghasbuilthisbusinesswhichisverydifferentfromhisparents'.Atfirst,he6．hisdailylifeonline,suchaspreparingfeedforthecattleandvisitinga7．wherepeoplegathered(聚集)totradecattle.Gradually,hisvideosgotfollowersincities,aswellasfarmerswhowantedtobuycattle.Laterhebeganto8．beeftofollowers.Nowhehasevendevelopedhisownbeefbrand."Myfollowersgavemethe9．tostartbusiness.Imadeupmymindtogoforit,"Gengsaid,"Isawanewwayofdoingbusiness—usingshortvideostogetfollowers,andthen10．thosefollowerstothemarket.Thatgivestraditionalfarminganewlife."Geng'sstoryisnottheonlyone.Manyyoungpeopleareusingshortvideostosellfarmingproducts.BornintheInternetage,educatedyoungChinesenowplayanimportantroleinruralrevitalization(乡村振兴).1．A．culture B．subject C．business D．technology2．A．important B．honest C．friendly D．popular3．A．until B．when C．unless D．if4．A．hard B．special C．dangerous D．necessary5．A．never B．usually C．sometimes D．always6．A．created B．imagined C．improved D．shared7．A．mall B．market C．factory D．theater8．A．pass B．lend C．give D．sell9．A．knowledge B．standard C．information D．confidence10．A．showing B．connecting C．spreading D．comparing阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中，选出最佳选项。Step1:Foldthecard.Draw3linesfromthefoldededge(边缘),whichare8cm,6cm,and4cmlong.Leavea5cmgap(间隔)betweeneachline.Step2:Cutalongthe3linesandfoldeachpartover.Presstomakeacrease(折痕),andthenfolditback.Drawsomesmallpicturesonthepaperandcutthemout.Step3:Openthecardandbend(弯曲)the3foldedpartsoutfromthemiddle.Glueyourcut-outsonthecard.Ourmagazineisholdinga"Pop-upShow".Doyouwanttojoinit?EmailusaphotoofyourworkbeforetheclosingdateofJune22.11．Whydopeoplemakeapop-upcard?A．Toimprovepatience. B．Totakeupanewhobby.C．Topracticedrawingskills. D．Toexpressthanksorlove.12．WhichpicturecanmatchStep1?A． B． C． D．13．WhatdoyouneedforStep2?A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④14．Howcanyoutakepartinthe"Pop-upShow"?A．Bycallingthemagazine.B．Bywaitingforaninvitation.C．Byemailingaphotoofyourwork.D．Bysendingyourworktothemagazine.15．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoufindthetext?A．Sport. B．Travel. C．News. D．Art.阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中，选出最佳选项。Doyoureadorwritereviewsonline?Manypeopledo.Theywritethemforproducts,restaurants,videosandmore.Howimportantareonlinereviews?Ouryearlycustomersurveyfoundthat85%ofthecustomersthinkreviewshelpthemdecidewhethertomakeapurchase(购买).Butnoteveryreviewisfairorhonest.Somearefake(假的)five-starreviews,someareimpolite,andsomedependonpersonalstandards.Ifyou'rereadingareview,thinkforyourself.Canyoutrustit?Ifyou'rewritingareview,willyoutakeitseriously?KenandEmily'sconversationmaygiveyousomeinspiration.KenandEmilyarehavinglunchatacoffeeshopduringatriptoanothercity.Emily:Don'tyouthinkthefoodandservicearereallygoodtoday?Ken:Ido.Mycoffeeisgreat,andthestaffarefriendly.Emily:IthinkI'llleaveareviewforthiscoffeeshop.Ken:Doyouthinkpeoplewillreadit?Emily:Ofcourse.Youreadreviewsbeforeyoutryanewplace,don'tyou?Ken:Yes.Ireadbothpositiveandnegativeones.Emily:Metoo.Theyhelpmedecidewhethertotryaplaceout.Ken:Helpfulreviewscanmakeabigdifference.Emily:Forthiscoffeeshop,I'llsaywhatIordered,howtheservicewasandhowcleanthisplacewas.Ken:That'sagoodidea.Haveyoueverwrittennegativereviews?Emily:Hardlyever!Iusuallyleavefive-starreviews.Ken:Peopleareoftenguidedbyreviewsfromotherpeople.So,ifsomethingreallygoeswrong,I'lltrytobekindandexplainhowitcanbeimproved.Emily:Youhaveapoint!Areviewshouldbehonest.Peopleplacegreatimportanceononlinecustomers'reviews.Listentobothsides—that'showyouseethefullpicture.Andwhenyouleaveareview,sticktothefactsandpayattentiontoyourmanners.16．Whyareonlinereviewsimportant?A．Theyaremadeby85%ofthecustomers.B．Theyprovidetheexperts'suggestionsonline.C．Theyhelppeoplemakepurchasingdecisions.D．Theydependonpeople'spersonalpreference.17．Howcanweleaveahelpfulreviewaccordingtothetext?A．Byavoidingbadexperiences.B．Bytellingthetruthinakindway.C．Bywritingassoonaspossible.D．Byaskingsellerstowritereviews.18．WhichreviewforthecoffeeshopisprobablyfromEmily?A．Deliciousdisheswithlowprices.B．Sunnybeach,convenienttransportation.C．Tastycoffee,cleanshop,nicestaff.D．Somethingwrongwithfoodandservice.19．Whyistheconversationmentioned?A．Tostresstheimportanceofwritingtravelguides.B．Torecommendanicecoffeeshopatanewplace.C．Toshowonlinereviewsshouldbetakenseriously.D．Toexplaintheprocessofwritingdifferentreviews.20．Whichopinionmaythewriteragreewith?A．Reviewsshouldhelpreadersseethefullpicture.B．Reviewsthatareimpolitehelpsellerstoimprove.C．Reviewsshouldbekindandmakesellersfeelhappy.D．Reviewsaremoreimportantforsellersthanforreaders.阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。SpaceTraveller'sTrainingBookAsyouknow,astraightlineistheshortestdistance(距离)betweentwopoints,andyoushouldalwayswatchwhereyouaregoing.However,onceaspacecraftleavesEarth,manyrulesabouttravellingmaystopworking.Nowforgetallthat.Let'sbeginourtraining!1ToGoFaster,GoFartherTogetfrompointatob,aspacecraftdoesn'talwaystravelstraightinspace.That—1—isbecauseofthestrongforceofhugeobjectsaroundit.Theforcepullsitintoacurvedorbit(弯曲的轨道).Intheory,aspacecraftcouldflystraightallthetime,butthiswouldrequiretoomuchfuel(燃料)tooffset(抵消)theforce.Luckily,thereisabetterway.Byfollowingalongcurvedorbit,aspacecraftcanusetheforcetoreachthedestination.Althoughthetripislonger,thespacecraftuseslessfuelandarrivessooner.2ToGoForward,LookBackwardThissoundsreallystrangeOnEarth,we—2—usuallytravelbywatchingtheroadahead.Wechangeourspeedordirectionaccordingtohowclosewearetothefinalposition.Butinspace,itisjusttheopposite.Mostspacecraftnever"see"wherethey'regoingorwheretheywillarrive.Forexample,aspacecraftdoesn'tseetheMoonorotherplanetsgettingclose.Howdoesitknowwhethertogoforwardornot?Aspacecraftcantellitspositionbyknowingthedistanceithastravelledfrom—3—whereitstarted.ThestartingpointisusuallyEarth.3▲Wecanuseasignal(信号)travellingatlight-speedtocheckthespeed.AspacecraftsendsasignaltoEarth.BytiminghowlongthesignaltakestotravelfromthespacecrafttoEarthandthengobacktothespacecraft,wecanworkoutthespeed.Yourtrainingiscomplete.Goodluck!—4—21．WhatcanweknowaboutaspacecraftfromPart1"ToGoFaster,GoFarther"?A．Itgoesashorterwaytoarrivesooner.B．TheforcefromEarthdecidesitsorbit.C．Flyingincurvedorbitisabetterway.D．Ituseslessfueltoflystraightinspace.22．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"destination"mean?A．Somethingthatprovidesmorefuel.B．Aplacewheresomeoneisgoing.C．Somethingthatpeoplehopetoachieve.D．Aroadthatpeopletaketoreachaplace.23．Whydoesaspacecraftlookbackwardwhentravellinginspace?A．Toknowhowfarithastravelled.B．Torememberthewayithasflown.C．Tofindoutwhereotherplanetsare.D．TotakealookatourbeautifulEarth.24．Whichcanbeputin▲?A．ToReturntoEarth,SendaSignalB．ToCheckSpeed,TimeaSignalC．ToKnowSpeed,GoBacktoEarthD．ToGoFaster,MoveatLight-speed25．What'sthepurposeofthetrainingbook?A．Toshowdifferentpartsinaspacecraft.B．Toremindpeopleofthedangerinspace.C．Tointroducebasicfactsaboutspacetravel.D．Todescribekeystepsindesigningaspacecraft.阅读下面文本，从文本后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。Manypeople,whenlearninghowtocook,expecttomasteritafterjusttryingonceortwice.Butthat'simpossible.26．.Let'stakeseasoningasanexample.Duringthewholeprocessofcooking,it'sbettertoseasongraduallythantolayonthesaltorthesugarallinonehit.27．Addingalittleatatimegivesyoualargermarginforerror(容错空间).Itreducesthepossibilityofmessingupadish.Seasoningtakespractice.Thispracticeisbestdonebytesting.Ifyouarenotsure,pourofforscoopalittleofwhatyouarecookingintoabowl.Tasteit.Ifnecessary,addabitofthesaltorsugarthatyouthinkitmightneed.28．Withsuchpractice,overtimeyouwillgetafeelforhowmuchistoomuch.Andyouwillalsoknowwhenthereisacallforalittlemore.29．Youwillfindyouhavelessneedforwrittenmeasurements(计量).30．Don'texpecttosucceedallatonce.Keeptryingandit'snormaltomakemistakes,astheyarepartoflife.Theycanimproveyourunderstanding,narrowingtheplayingfieldforthenexttime.Allowingspaceformistakesisnotasignoffailure,butasmartwaytomoveforward.A.It'sexcitingtolearnadifficultskill.B.Isitimprovedorisittoosaltyorsweet?C.Itrequirespatienceandrepeatedpractice.D.Ifyouaddtoomuch,youcan'ttakeitout.E.Whatyoulearnfromcookingworksinlifeaswell.F.Yourownexperiencewillfinallybecomeyourdependableguide.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheNineCarpLanternDancefromFujianProvincehasahistoryofover1,000years.Inthepast,peopleonlyperformeditduringtheLanternFestivalintheYearoftheDragonorwhentherewasadisaster.Theyhopedtogetrainandstayawayfrombadluck.IntheMingandQingdynasties,it31．(reach)itspeak(鼎盛时期).Thename"ninecarp"standsforninekindsofwateranimals.Thedancetellsanoldstoryaboutacarptryingtojumpoverahighgate32．(become)adragon.Thisstoryencouragesyoungpeopletoworkhard33．nevergiveup.Unlikefishlanterndancesinotherplaces,theoneinFujianisperformed34．(different),withkungfumovementsandlocalopera.Duringtheshow,dancerswearold-styleclothesandmovethelanternsquicklyandskillfully.Theirfaststepsandbigmovementsmaketheperformance35．(energy)andlively.Makingfishlanternsneedsspecialskills.First,workersbend(弯曲)thebambootomakeitlooklike36．fish.Then,thebamboopieces37．(tie)togetherandcoveredwithpaper.Finally,workersdrawfinsandscales(鳞片)carefully.Inrecentyears,thedancehasbecomepopularandhelpedwiththe38．(develop)oflocaltourism.Manyvisitorscometowatchtheshowandwonder39．theycanjoininthelanterndance.Theanswerisyes!Thisoffersthemachancetobetterexperiencethelocalculture.Thedanceservesasastrongbridge40．ancienttraditionsandmodernlife.Withmoreattentionandcare,thislivingtreasurewillcontinuetoshinearoundtheworld.阅读下面文本，完成下面小题。Everysummer,manyvisitorscometoadmire,photographandpaintlotusflowers.Lotusflowerscomeinseveraldifferentcolorsandusuallygrowinwetlandsormud.Theycanalsoliveindifferentplacesaslongastheirrootsremaininwaterormud.InChina,admiringthelotushasalonghistory.Itisnotonlyaviewingactivity,butalsocarriestheculturalspiritthathaslivedinChinesepeople'sheartsforthousandsofyears.AsearlyastheSpringandAutumnPeriod,poetsbegantopraisethebeautyoflotusflowersandusethemtoexpressfeelingsinTheBookofSongs,thefirstcollectionofpoemsinChina.PoetsintheSouthernDynastiessangfolksongssuchas"RowingaboattopickthelotusintheSouthLakeinautumn".Theword"love"isnotinanysentence,buteachlineisfilledwithlove.ZhouDunyi,afamouspoetintheSongDynasty,praisedtheelegance(优雅)andintegrity(正直)ofthelotusinhisessayOdetotheLotus(《爱莲说》),whichhasbeenpasseddownforcenturies.Thelotusisalsoknownas"atreasureallover".Thelotusrootsaresweetandrichinvitamins(维生素).TheyoftenappearonChinesediningtablesandarecookedindifferentways.Thelotusleavesandseedsareoftenusedinteasandmedicines.Theyarebelievedtosupporthealthybloodpressure.Nowadays,admiringlotusflowersisnolongeranactivitythatonlybelongstoChinesepeople.Moreandmoreforeignersarebecominginterestedinthecultureofthelotus.Theyarepromoting(促进)culturalexchangesandspreadingChinesecultureacrosstheworldintheirways.41．根据文本内容，仿照示例完成下面的阅读笔记。（1）—（4）总词数不超过30。.42．Imagineyouareaculturalambassador(大使),whatwillyoudotopromotethecultureofthelotus?（请写出2条）阅读下面文本，完成下面小题。ChangingCoastlinesCoastlinesareplaceswherelandmeetssea,andtheyarealwayschanging.Everyfewseconds,waveshittheshore(海岸),wearingthelandawayorshapingitintonewforms.Also,humanactivitieshavemadeEarthwarmer.Astemperaturesrise,icecapsandglaciersmelt(冰川融化),addingmorewatertotheoceans.Thiscausessealevelstorise,bringinggreaterchangestocoastlines.Slidingaway(滑坡)Cliffs(悬崖)maylookstrong,buthugepartssometimesslideintothesea.Rainistakeninbysoilandrockatthetop,makingthegroundheavier.Waveshitthecliff,makingitweaker.Overtime,thecliffbecomesweakerstill,untilfinallyitfallsdown.Caves,arches,andstacksAheadlandisrockylandstickingoutintothesea.Windandwaterworktogethertoslowlyshapeit.Cavesformwhenwaveswearaway(磨损)cracksinthecliffface.Acavemightbreakthroughtherockandformanarch.Somearcheskeepgrowinguntiltheycannotsupportthemselves.Theythenfalldown,creatingastack.BeachonthemoveWindpusheswavestobreakontotheshoreatanangle(角度).Thewavescarrysandandsmallstonesontothebeach.Asthewavesmoveback,theypullsandbacktoo.Overtime,thesandismovedalongthebeachandspreadfurther.Thisiscalledlongshoredrift.LandunderwaterEveryyear,thesealevelrisesbyabout4.5mm.Evenasmallrisecancauselargeareasoflandtobecoveredwithwater.Overtime,moreandmorepeopleareforcedtomovefurtherinlandbecausetheirhomesareflooded.KeepingthewaterbackSeawallsarebuiltalongtheshoretoprotectlandfromstrongwaves.However,theyareexpensivetobuildandmaystoplocalwildlifefrommovingfreelyalongthenaturalcoast.Asacoastalcity,Qingdaohasbeenbuildingastrongercoastalprotectionsystemtoprotectbothhumanbeingsandnature.43．What'sthemainideaofparagraph1?.44．根据图文内容补全信息。（每空不超过5个词）45．Howdoessea-levelriseinfluencepeoplelivingalongthecoast?.46．根据文本内容填空。（每空一词）Coastlinesarealwayschanging.Rainandwavescanhugecliffstoslideaway.Theheadlandisshapedintodifferentoveralongperiod.andleadtosandmovementwhichiscalledlongshoredrift.Peopleneartheseaarefacingbigchallengesbecauseofstrongwaves.Theyaremakingtoprotecttheirhomeslikebuildingseawalls.47．在成长过程中，有那么一瞬间，你突然理解了某个人。请补全"TheMomentICametoUnderstand"，并以此为题写一篇短文，讲述你对这个人从不理解到理解的过程及感悟。要求：词数80-100；文中不得出现真实姓名、校名、地名等个人信息。

答案解析部分【答案】1．C；2．D；3．B；4．A；5．A；6．D；7．B；8．D；9．D；10．B【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；对社会有突出贡献的人物事迹【解析】【分析】本文讲述年轻人耿佩佩返乡当新农人，依靠短视频分享养牛日常收获粉丝，在线上售卖牛肉，打造牛肉品牌的故事，展现青年助力乡村振兴。

【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。1．句意：凭借许多新技能，他们正在把传统农业转变为现代线上生意。A.culture文化；B.subject科目；C.business生意；D.technology技术。根据后文耿佩佩在网上经营养牛、售卖牛肉打造品牌的创业故事可知，年轻人把传统农业变成线上经营的生意，故选C。2．句意：26岁的山西人耿佩佩拥有自己的养牛场。他在网上很受欢迎，拥有28万多粉丝。A.important重要的；B.honest诚实的；C.friendly友好的；D.popular受欢迎的。根据"withover280,000followers（拥有28万多粉丝）"可知，粉丝众多说明他在网络上很受欢迎，故选D。3．句意：但是当他回到村里养牛的时候，没有得到父母的支持。A.until直到；B.when当……时候；C.unless除非；D.if如果。根据上下文语境可知，此处表达在回乡养牛这个时间节点，父母并不支持他的选择，故选B。4．句意：他的父母是传统农民。他们认为养牛是辛苦的活儿。A.hard辛苦的；B.special特别的；C.dangerous危险的；D.necessary必要的。根据后文"Theyworkedreallyhard（他们干活非常辛苦）"可知，父母觉得养牛是很繁重辛苦的工作，故选A。5．句意：他们干活非常辛苦，但是赚多少钱从来不由他们自己决定。A.never从不；B.usually通常；C.sometimes有时；D.always总是。根据前文他们只能等牛贩子来，对方给出定价，不能自己决定价格可知，收入从来不由自己掌控，故选A。6．句意：起初，他在网上分享自己的日常生活，比如给牛准备饲料。A.created创造；B.imagined想象；C.improved改善；D.shared分享。根据后文"hisvideosgotfollowers（他的视频收获粉丝）"可知，他拍摄视频，在网络上分享日常，故选D。7．句意：比如给牛准备饲料，还会去人们聚集交易牛只的市场。A.mall购物中心；B.market市场；C.factory工厂；D.theater剧院。根据"wherepeoplegatheredtotradecattle（人们聚集在这里交易牛）"结合常识可知，交易牲畜的地方是市场，故选B。8．句意：后来他开始把牛肉卖给粉丝。A.pass传递；B.lend借出；C.give给予；D.sell售卖。根据下文"developedhisownbeefbrand（打造自己的牛肉品牌）"以及年轻人线上售卖农产品可知，他向粉丝售卖牛肉，故选D。9．句意：我的粉丝给了我创业的信心。A.knowledge知识；B.standard标准；C.information信息；D.confidence信心。根据后文"Imadeupmymindtogoforit（我下定决心去做这件事）"可知，粉丝给予他信心，让他下定决心创业，故选D。10．句意：我找到了新的经商方式——用短视频吸引粉丝，再把这些粉丝和市场连接起来。A.showing展示；B.connecting连接；C.spreading传播；D.comparing比较。根据句意以及语境可知，此处指把线上粉丝群体和农产品销售市场建立关联，connect...to...表示把……和……相连，符合题意。故选B。【答案】11．D12．A13．A14．C15．D【知识点】应用文；身边的事物与环境；自我提升；细节理解；推理判断【解析】【分析】文章介绍立体弹出贺卡的制作步骤，并介绍杂志举办立体作品展览的参赛方式。

【点评】考查阅读理解。阅读说明文类材料，定位题干关键词，在原文中查找对应信息，结合文本内容推理判断选项正误。11．推理判断题。根据立体贺卡的用途以及常识可知，立体贺卡主要用来表达感谢或者爱意。故选D。12．推理判断题。根据"Step1:Foldthecard.Draw3linesfromthefoldededge,whichare8cm,6cm,and4cmlong.Leavea5cmgapbetweeneachline."（第一步：对折卡片，从折叠边缘画3条线段，长度分别是8厘米、6厘米、4厘米，线段之间间隔5厘米。）可知，第一步操作对应的图片是A。故选A。13．细节理解题。根据"Step2:Cutalongthe3linesandfoldeachpartover.Presstomakeacrease,andthenfolditback.Drawsomesmallpicturesonthepaperandcutthemout."（第二步：沿着3条线裁剪，折叠每一部分，按压出折痕，再折回去，在纸上画小图片并剪下来。）可知，第二步需要用到划线、裁剪、绘画的工具，对应①②③。故选A。14．细节理解题。根据"EmailusaphotoofyourworkbeforetheclosingdateofJune22."（在6月22日截止日期前，把你的作品照片用邮件发给我们。）可知，参与立体贺卡秀的方式是邮件发送作品照片。故选C。15．文章出处题。分析文章内容可知，本文介绍手工立体贺卡的制作步骤以及杂志举办手工作品展，属于艺术板块内容。故选D。【答案】16．C17．B18．C19．C20．A【知识点】说明文；身边的事物与环境；细节理解；推理判断；短视频【解析】【分析】文章介绍网络评论的作用，指出部分评论并不客观，通过对话告诉大家阅读和撰写网络评论的正确方式。

【点评】考查阅读理解。遇到观点类阅读，理清文中人物对话，区分不同看法，抓住作者的核心态度来判断选项。16．细节理解题。根据"Ouryearlycustomersurveyfoundthat85%ofthecustomersthinkreviewshelpthemdecidewhethertomakeapurchase."（我们年度客户调查发现85%的顾客认为评论帮助他们决定是否购买。）可知，网络评论的重要性是帮助人们做出购买决定。故选C。17．细节理解题。根据"ifsomethingreallygoeswrong,I'lltrytobekindandexplainhowitcanbeimproved."以及"Areviewshouldbehonest."（如果真的出了问题，我会友善说明并解释改进方法，评论应当诚实。）可知，有用的评论要友善地陈述事实。故选B。18．推理判断题。根据Emily所说"Forthiscoffeeshop,I'llsaywhatIordered,howtheservicewasandhowcleanthisplacewas."（对于这家咖啡店，我会写下我点了什么，服务如何，店铺干不干净。）可知，她的评论会包含美味咖啡、干净店铺、友好店员。故选C。19．推理判断题。根据"Ifyou'rereadingareview,thinkforyourself.Canyoutrustit?Ifyou'rewritingareview,willyoutakeitseriously?KenandEmily'sconversationmaygiveyousomeinspiration."（阅读评论时要独立思考，你能相信它吗？写评论时你会认真对待吗？Ken和Emily的对话可以给你启发。）可知，文中引用对话是为了说明对待网络评论应当认真看待。故选C。20．细节理解题。根据"Listentobothsides—that'showyouseethefullpicture."（倾听双方看法，这样你才能了解全貌。）可知，作者赞同评论要帮助读者看到事情全貌。故选A。【答案】21．C22．B23．A24．B25．C【知识点】科幻未来类；说明文；细节理解；词义猜测；中国载人航天【解析】【分析】本文是太空旅行者训练手册，介绍太空航行和地面出行的不同，讲解航天器飞行轨道、定位、测速相关的太空旅行基础知识。

【点评】考查阅读理解。科普类短文生词较多，做题时留意段落主题句，结合上下文猜测生词含义，把握段落主旨。21．细节理解题。根据"Luckily,thereisabetterway.Byfollowingalongcurvedorbit,aspacecraftcanusetheforcetoreachthedestination."（幸运的是有更好的方式，航天器沿着长长的弯曲轨道飞行，可以借助引力抵达目的地。）可知，沿弯曲轨道飞行是更好的方案。故选C。22．词义猜测题。根据"Byfollowingalongcurvedorbit,aspacecraftcanusetheforcetoreachthedestination."（通过沿一条长而弯曲的轨道飞行，航天器可以利用这种力量到达目的地。）可知，destination指人要去往的地点。故选B。23．细节理解题。根据"Aspacecraftcantellitspositionbyknowingthedistanceithastravelledfromwhereitstarted."（航天器通过计算离开起点后飞行的距离来判断自身位置。）可知，航天器回望是为了知道自己已经飞行了多远。故选A。24．段落大意题。根据"Wecanuseasignaltravellingatlight-speedtocheckthespeed.AspacecraftsendsasignaltoEarth.BytiminghowlongthesignaltakestotravelfromthespacecrafttoEarthandthengobacktothespacecraft,wecanworkoutthespeed."（我我们可以利用以光速传播的信号来检测速度。一艘宇宙飞船向地球发送信号。通过测量信号从宇宙飞船传到地球再传回宇宙飞船所需的时间，我们可以计算出速度。）可知，这一段主题是计时信号来检测速度。故选B。25．主旨大意题。分析文章内容可知，全文介绍航天器在太空旅行和地面旅行规则不一样，讲解轨道、定位、测速等太空旅行基础知识。C项"介绍关于太空旅行的基础知识。"符合题意。故选C。【答案】26．C；27．D；28．B；29．F；30．E【知识点】说明文；烹饪美食；自我提升【解析】【分析】本文介绍学习烹饪不能急于求成，调味要逐步尝试、不断练习，并且从烹饪中学到的道理也可以运用到日常生活中。

A.学习一项有难度的技能令人兴奋。

B.味道变好了吗，还是太咸或者太甜？

C.这需要耐心和反复练习。

D.如果你加得太多，就取不出来了。

E.你从烹饪中学到的道理在生活中同样适用。

F.你自己的经验最终会成为可靠的指引。

【点评】考查任务型阅读。通读全文，理清段落逻辑，结合空白前后句的内容，选出能够承接上文、引出下文的句子。26．根据上文"Manypeople,whenlearninghowtocook,expecttomasteritafterjusttryingonceortwice.Butthat'simpossible."（很多人学做饭时指望尝试一两次就能掌握，但这是不可能的）可知，下文要说明学做饭需要的条件，C项"这需要耐心和反复练习。"符合题意，故选C。27．根据上文"Duringthewholeprocessofcooking,it'sbettertoseasongraduallythantolayonthesaltorthesugarallinonehit."（烹饪全程，最好逐步调味，而不是一次性放足盐或糖）可知，下文解释不能一次性放太多调料的原因，D项"如果你加得太多，就取不出来了。"符合题意，故选D。28．根据上文"Ifnecessary,addabitofthesaltorsugarthatyouthinkitmightneed."（如果有需要，再加一点你认为需要的盐或糖）可知，尝过味道之后要判断菜品的口味，B项"味道变好了吗，还是太咸或者太甜？"符合题意，故选B。29．根据上文"Withsuchpractice,overtimeyouwillgetafeelforhowmuchistoomuch.Andyouwillalsoknowwhenthereisacallforalittlemore."（经过这样的练习，久而久之你会把握用量，知道什么时候需要再加一点调料）可知，不断练习后个人经验会发挥作用，F项"你自己的经验最终会成为可靠的指引。"符合题意，故选F。30．根据下文"Don'texpecttosucceedallatonce.Keeptryingandit'snormaltomakemistakes,astheyarepartoflife."（不要指望一举成功，坚持尝试，犯错很正常，错误本身就是生活的一部分）可知，此处将烹饪学到的道理延伸到生活，E项"你从烹饪中学到的道理在生活中同样适用。"符合题意，故选E。【答案】31．reached；32．tobecome；33．and；34．differently；35．energetic；36．a；37．aretied；38．development；39．if/whether；40．between【知识点】说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；非物质文化遗产（技艺传承）【解析】【分析】短文介绍福建九鲤灯舞，讲述它上千年的悠久历史、传说故事、表演特色、鱼灯制作工艺，以及这项非遗舞蹈带动当地旅游，搭建起古代传统和现代生活之间的文化桥梁。

【点评】考查语法填空。通读短文把握文章时态与逻辑，结合词性转换、被动语态、非谓语动词、固定搭配等知识点，填写单词正确形式。31．句意：在明清时期，它达到了鼎盛时期。reach到达，动词。根据时间状语"IntheMingandQingdynasties（在明清时期）"可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式reached。故填reached。32．句意：这支舞蹈讲述一个古老的故事，一条鲤鱼奋力跃过高门来变成龙。become变成，动词。分析句子结构可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示鲤鱼跃龙门的目的。故填tobecome。33．句意：这个故事鼓励年轻人努力奋斗并且永不放弃。根据"workhard"与"nevergiveup"是并列的两个动作可知，此处需要并列连词and连接。故填and。34．句意：和其他地方的鱼灯舞不同，福建的九鲤灯舞表演方式不一样，融合武术动作与地方戏曲。different不同的，形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词performed，需要使用副词形式。故填differently。35．句意：他们快速的步伐和大幅度的动作让表演充满活力、生动热闹。energy能量，名词。根据andlively可知，并列连词and连接并列形容词，所以此处需要形容词energetic作宾语补足语。故填energetic。36．句意：首先，工匠弯折竹子，把它做成一条鱼的样子。根据句意可知，此处泛指一条鱼，应用不定冠词。且fish是以辅音音素开头的名词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。37．句意：然后，竹片被捆在一起，再糊上纸。tie捆，动词。分析句子结构可知，主语thebamboopieces和动词tie之间是被动关系，且陈述制作工艺用一般现在时，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态（bedone），且主语pieces为复数名词，动词应用aretied。故填aretied。38．句意：近年来，这项舞蹈越来越受欢迎，助力当地旅游业的发展。develop发展，动词。定冠词the后面要接名词，develop的名词形式是development，为不可数名词。故填development。39．句意：很多游客前来观看表演，想知道他们是否能够参与灯舞。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从句，表示"是否"，应用连词if/whether连接。故填if/whether。40．句意：这项舞蹈是连接古老传统与现代生活的坚固桥梁。根据句意可知，此处指"在古老传统与现代生活之间"，between…and…是固定搭配，表示在两者之间。故填between。【答案】41．Lotus/Lotusflowers；Historyandculturalspirit/Culture；Uses/Values/Atreasureallover；Culturalexchanges42．Iwillmakeashortvideoaboutthelotusandpostitonline.|Iwillinvitemyforeignfriendstotastefoodmadefromlotusroots.【知识点】说明文；植物种植【解析】【分析】这段文字介绍了荷花的生长特点、赏荷悠久的历史与文化精神、荷花多样的用途，以及莲文化走向世界，促进中外文化交流。

【点评】考查任务型阅读。先梳理文章段落主旨，定位段落核心信息作答，主观发挥题要紧扣主题，写出符合题意的合理答案。41．1.根据全文围绕荷花展开介绍可知，本文介绍的主体是荷花。故填Lotus/Lotusflowers。

2.根据"InChina,admiringthelotushasalonghistory.Itisnotonlyaviewingactivity,butalsocarriestheculturalspiritthathaslivedinChinesepeople'sheartsforthousandsofyears."（在中国，赏莲有着悠久历史。它不仅是观赏活动，还承载着千年根植于中国人心中的文化精神。）可知，这部分介绍荷花的历史与文化内涵。故填Historyandculturalspirit/Culture。

3.根据"Thelotusisalsoknownas'atreasureallover'.Thelotusrootsaresweetandrichinvitamins...Thelotusleavesandseedsareoftenusedinteasandmedicines."（荷花也被称作全身都是宝。莲藕香甜富含维生素……荷叶和莲子常用于茶饮和药材。）可知，本段介绍荷花的用途。故填Uses/Values/Atreasureallover。

4.根据"Nowadays,admiringlotusflowersisnolongeranactivitythatonlybelongstoChinesepeople.Moreandmoreforeignersarebecominginterestedinthecultureofthelotus.TheyarepromotingculturalexchangesandspreadingChinesecultureacrosstheworldintheirways."（如今赏莲不再只是中国人的活动，越来越多外国人喜爱莲文化，他们以自己的方式促进文化交流，向世界传播中国文化。）可知，这部分讲述莲文化带来的文化交流。故填Culturalexchanges。42．主观表达题，答案不唯一。如我会制作一个关于莲花的短视频并发布到网上。我会邀请我的外国朋友品尝用莲藕做的食物。故填Iwillmakeashortvideoaboutthelotusandpostitonline.Iwillinvitemyforeignfriendstotastefoodmadefromlotusroots.【答案】43．Coastlinesarealwayschanging44．breakthroughtherock；falldown45．Moreandmorepeopleareforcedtomovefurtherinlandbecausetheirhomesareflooded.46．cause；forms；Wind；waves；efforts【知识点】说明文；人与自然和谐共生；环保意识与环保行为【解析】【分析】这段文字介绍海岸线处于持续变化之中，分别讲解悬崖滑坡、海蚀地貌形成、沿岸输沙、海平面上升带来的影响，以及修建海堤等海岸防护措施。

【点评】考查任务型阅读。快速定位段落主题句，找准原文对应句子，严格按照词数限制，提取关键信息作答。43．根据"Coastlinesareplaceswherelandmeetssea,andtheyarealwayschanging."（海岸线是陆地与海洋交汇之处，并且它们一直在发生变化。）可知，第一段主要讲述海岸线总在不断变化。故填Coastlinesarealwayschanging。44．1.根据"Acavemightbreakthroughtherockandformanarch."（洞穴可能穿透岩石，形成拱门。）可知，形成拱门的过程是穿透岩石。故填breakthroughtherock。

2.根据"Somearcheskeepgrowinguntiltheycannotsupportthemselves.Theythenfalldown,creatingastack."（一些拱门持续发展直到无法支撑自身，随后坍塌，形成海蚀柱。）可知，拱门之后会坍塌。故填falldown。45．根据"Overtime,moreandmorepeopleareforcedtomovefurtherinlandbecausetheirhomesareflooded."（久而久之，越来越多的人被迫向内陆搬迁，因为他们的家被洪水淹没。）可知，海平面上升迫使沿海居民向内陆迁移。故填Moreandmorepeopleareforcedtomovefurtherinlandbecausetheirhomesareflooded。46．1.根据"Rainistakeninbysoilandrockatthetop,makingthegroundheavier.Waveshitthecliff,makingitweaker.Overtime,thecliffbecomesweakerstill,untilfinallyitfallsdown."（雨水被顶部的土石吸收，加重地面重量。海浪拍打悬崖使其松动。久而久之悬崖变脆弱，最终坍塌。）可知，雨水和海浪会造成巨大悬崖滑坡，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填cause。

2.根据"Aheadlandisrockyland