脑卒中康复护理

StrokeRehabilitationNursing

脑卒中康复护理Objectives任务Definestroke定义脑卒中Recognizestatisticsrelatedtostroke了解脑卒中的统计数值Analyzethepathophysiologyofthethreemajortypesofstroke分析主要的三类脑卒中的病理生理学Discussriskfactorsrelatedtostroke讨论与脑卒中相关的危险因素Listwarningsignsofstroke列出提示发生脑卒中的信号Objectives任务DescribethemedicaltreatmentforacuteCVA描述急性脑血管意外的治疗Understandnursinginterventionsrelatedtocareofthepatientwithstroke理解与照护脑卒中患者相关的护理干预Namethreestrategiestopreventstroke指出三个预防脑卒中的策略DiscusstheMaukmodelforpost-strokerehabilitation讨论默克模式对脑卒中后的康复StrokesinChina(WorldHeartFederation,2015)脑卒中在中国的情况（世界心脏联盟，2015）InChina,1.3millionpeoplehaveastrokeeachyear中国每年有130万人患脑卒中75%ofthesehavevaryingdegreesofdisabilityasaresultofstroke他们中75%的人由于脑卒中而存在不同程度地残疾。China’sriskfactors(USCDCreport,2010–2011)

中国的风险因素（美国疾控中心报告，2010-2011）HypertensionishigherinChina,possiblyduetohighersodiumintake…leadingtomorestrokes在中国可能由于钠的摄入较多，高血压患病率高，导致卒中发生率高Smokingisariskfactor吸烟是一个危险因素Over50%ofmeninChinasmoke在中国超过50%的男人吸烟Lessthan3%ofwomensmoke少于3%的女人吸烟82%ofChina’sdiseaseburdenisduetononcommunicablediseases(NCDs)suchasstroke中国82%的疾病属于非传染性疾病例如中风China’sNCDs

中国的非传染性疾病Leadingcausesofdeath(80%ofalldeaths)死亡的主要原因（80%的人死于非传染性疾病）Heartdisease心脏病Cancer癌症Stroke脑卒中Diabetes糖尿病Chronicrespiratoryproblems慢性呼吸道疾病Source:/globalhealth/countries/china/pdf/us_china-biennial-report_2010-11.pdfInitialEvaluation:F-A-S-T

初步评估：脸-胳膊-言语-时间Threeeasysigns三个简单信号Facialdroop脸下垂Motorweakness(armlift)运动无力（手臂提升）Languagedifficulties言语困难Slurring,wrongwords,nospeech说话含糊，说错词，不说话

AgonizingFantasizingBlendingFramingOwningRealizingTheMaukModelofPost-strokeRecovery

Mauk的中风后恢复模型agelifeexperienceknowingthecausefaithexpectationssocialsupportSummaryofmajortasks

主要任务的总结Phase Survivortask NursingtaskAgonizing survival protectionandphysicalcareFantasizingegoprotection realityorientationandemotionalsupportRealizing facingreality emotionalandpsychosocialsupportBlending adaptationteachingFraming reflection listening;providingreasonforthestrokeOwning movingon enhancinginner