2026年船员英语考试题库带答案(完整版)

2026年船员英语考试题库带答案(完整版)一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1.TheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)1974,asamended,primarilyaimstoregulatewhichaspectofmaritimeoperationstoensuresafety?A.TheconstructionandequipmentofshipsB.ThenavigationrulesinopenwatersC.ThecargohandlingproceduresinportsD.Theemploymentconditionsofseafarers2.Inmaritimecommunication,whatdoestheterm"MAYDAY"signifyintheInternationalCodeofSignals?A.ArequestformedicalassistanceB.Adistresscallindicatingalife-threateningsituationC.AwarningaboutnavigationalhazardsD.Asignalforenginefailure3.AccordingtotheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs),whatisthecorrectactionfortwovesselscrossingsoastomeeteachother?A.ThevesselonthestarboardsideshouldgivewaytothevesselontheportsideB.ThevesselontheportsideshouldgivewaytothevesselonthestarboardsideC.BothvesselsshouldgivewaytoeachotherD.Thevesselwiththesmallertonnageshouldgivewaytothevesselwiththelargertonnage4.Theterm"berth"inmaritimeterminologyreferstowhichofthefollowing?A.AtemporarystopoverduringavoyageB.AfixedplacewhereashipismooredoranchoredC.AtypeofcargosecuringdeviceD.Aroutetakenbyashipbetweentwoports5.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthe"InternationalShipandPortFacilitySecurity(ISPS)Code"?A.ToregulatetheloadingandunloadingofcargoB.ToensurethesafetyandsecurityofshipsandportsC.TostandardizethetrainingofseafarersD.Tooverseetheenvironmentalimpactofmaritimeoperations6.Inthecontextofmaritimelaw,whatdoesthe"SalvageAward"referto?A.ApaymentmadetothesalvorforsuccessfulrecoveryofashipB.AfineimposedontheshipownerforviolatingmaritimeregulationsC.AcompensationgiventothecrewforworkingovertimeD.Ataxleviedonthecargotransportedbysea7.The"InternationalConventionontheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)"requiresshipstocarrywhichofthefollowinglife-savingequipment?A.FireextinguishersonlyB.LifeboatsandliferaftsC.NavigationlightsonlyD.Communicationdevicesonly8.Whatisthesignificanceofthe"MARPOL73/78"conventioninmaritimeenvironmentalprotection?A.ToregulatetheemploymentofseafarersB.TocontrolthedischargeofpollutantsfromshipsC.TostandardizethedesignofshipsD.Tooverseetheinsuranceofmaritimeoperations9.Accordingtothe"InternationalConventiononSalvage,"whichofthefollowingisaconditionforasalvageaward?A.ThesalvormusthaveavalidinsurancepolicyB.ThesalvormusthaveactedvoluntarilyandreasonablyC.ThesalvormusthavereceivedpriorpermissionfromtheshipownerD.Thesalvormusthavebeeninvolvedintheship'sconstruction10.The"InternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs)"classifyvesselsintowhichcategoriesbasedontheirnavigationstatus?A.Power-drivenvesselsandsailingvesselsB.VesselsengagedinfishingandvesselsnotengagedinfishingC.VesselsofwarandcivilvesselsD.Vesselscarryingpassengersandvesselscarryingcargo11.Whatdoestheterm"stowagefactor"inmaritimecargohandlingreferto?A.TheweightofthecargoperunitvolumeB.ThemaximumweightashipcancarryC.ThespaceoccupiedbythecargoD.Thenumberofcargocontainersashipcancarry12.The"InternationalConventionontheLoadLine"aimstoensurewhichofthefollowing?A.ThesafetyofshipnavigationindifferentweatherconditionsB.ThestabilityofshipswhenloadedwithcargoC.TheefficiencyofcargoloadingoperationsD.Theenvironmentalprotectionofcoastalwaters13.Inmaritimecommunication,whatdoestheterm"CQD"signifyintheInternationalCodeofSignals?A.ArequestformedicalassistanceB.Adistresscallindicatingalife-threateningsituationC.AwarningaboutnavigationalhazardsD.Asignalforenginefailure14.The"InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)"requiresshipstocarrywhichofthefollowingsafetyequipment?A.LifejacketsonlyB.LiferaftsandlifebuoysC.NavigationchartsonlyD.Communicationdevicesonly15.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthe"InternationalShipandPortFacilitySecurity(ISPS)Code"?A.ToregulatetheloadingandunloadingofcargoB.ToensurethesafetyandsecurityofshipsandportsC.TostandardizethetrainingofseafarersD.Tooverseetheenvironmentalimpactofmaritimeoperations16.Inthecontextofmaritimelaw,whatdoesthe"SalvageAward"referto?A.ApaymentmadetothesalvorforsuccessfulrecoveryofashipB.AfineimposedontheshipownerforviolatingmaritimeregulationsC.AcompensationgiventothecrewforworkingovertimeD.Ataxleviedonthecargotransportedbysea17.The"InternationalConventionontheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)"requiresshipstocarrywhichofthefollowinglife-savingequipment?A.FireextinguishersonlyB.LifeboatsandliferaftsC.NavigationlightsonlyD.Communicationdevicesonly18.Whatisthesignificanceofthe"MARPOL73/78"conventioninmaritimeenvironmentalprotection?A.ToregulatetheemploymentofseafarersB.TocontrolthedischargeofpollutantsfromshipsC.TostandardizethedesignofshipsD.Tooverseetheinsuranceofmaritimeoperations19.Accordingtothe"InternationalConventiononSalvage,"whichofthefollowingisaconditionforasalvageaward?A.ThesalvormusthaveavalidinsurancepolicyB.ThesalvormusthaveactedvoluntarilyandreasonablyC.ThesalvormusthavereceivedpriorpermissionfromtheshipownerD.Thesalvormusthavebeeninvolvedintheship'sconstruction20.The"InternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs)"classifyvesselsintowhichcategoriesbasedontheirnavigationstatus?A.Power-drivenvesselsandsailingvesselsB.VesselsengagedinfishingandvesselsnotengagedinfishingC.VesselsofwarandcivilvesselsD.Vesselscarryingpassengersandvesselscarryingcargo二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1.The________isasetofinternationalregulationsdesignedtopreventcollisionsbetweenvesselsatsea.2.Theterm"________"referstothepracticeofsecuringcargoonashiptopreventshiftingduringavoyage.3.The________isadistresscallusedinmaritimecommunicationtoindicatealife-threateningsituation.4.The________conventionregulatesthedischargeofpollutantsfromshipstoprotectthemarineenvironment.5.The________isadeviceusedtomeasurethedepthofwaterbeneathaship.6.Theterm"________"referstothespaceoccupiedbycargoonaship.7.The________isasetofinternationalregulationsthatensurethesafetyoflifeatsea.8.The________conventionprovidesguidelinesforthesalvageofshipsandpropertyatsea.9.The________isasignalusedinmaritimecommunicationtoindicatearequestformedicalassistance.10.The________isatypeofcargosecuringdeviceusedtopreventcargofromshiftingduringavoyage.三、判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1.TheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs)applyonlytovesselsengagedincommercialshipping.2.Theterm"berth"inmaritimeterminologyreferstoafixedplacewhereashipismooredoranchored.3.TheInternationalConventiononSalvagerequiresthesalvortohavepriorpermissionfromtheshipownertoclaimasalvageaward.4.TheLoadLineConventionensuresthestabilityofshipswhenloadedwithcargo.5.Theterm"stowagefactor"inmaritimecargohandlingreferstotheweightofthecargoperunitvolume.6.TheInternationalShipandPortFacilitySecurity(ISPS)Codeappliesonlytoshipsoperatingincoastalwaters.7.Theterm"MAYDAY"intheInternationalCodeofSignalsisusedtoindicatearequestformedicalassistance.8.TheInternationalConventionontheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)requiresshipstocarrylifeboatsandliferafts.9.TheMARPOL73/78conventionregulatestheemploymentofseafarers.10.Theterm"CQD"intheInternationalCodeofSignalsisusedtoindicateadistresscallindicatingalife-threateningsituation.四、简答题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）1.DescribetheprimarypurposeoftheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs).2.ExplainthesignificanceoftheLoadLineConventioninmaritimeoperations.3.WhatistheroleoftheInternationalShipandPortFacilitySecurity(ISPS)Codeinensuringmaritimesecurity?4.DescribetheconditionsunderwhichasalvageawardisgrantedundertheInternationalConventiononSalvage.5.ExplainthepurposeoftheInternationalCodeofSignalsinmaritimecommunication.6.WhatisthesignificanceoftheMARPOL73/78conventioninmaritimeenvironmentalprotection?7.Describethetypesoflife-savingequipmentthatshipsarerequiredtocarryundertheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS).8.Explaintheconceptof"stowagefactor"inmaritimecargohandling.五、应用题（本大题共8小题，每小题4分，共24分）1.Ashipisapproachinganothervesselinanarrowchannel.DescribetheactionseachvesselshouldtakeaccordingtotheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs).2.Acargoshipispreparingtoloadcargoinaport.Describethestepsthecrewshouldtaketoensurethecargoisproperlysecuredaccordingtomaritimecargohandlingpractices.3.Avesselisindistressandneedsassistance.DescribethedistresscallthecrewshoulduseaccordingtotheInternationalCodeofSignals.4.Ashipissailinginopenwatersandencountersastorm.DescribetheactionsthecrewshouldtaketoensurethesafetyofthevesselanditscrewaccordingtotheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS).5.Asalvorhassuccessfullyrecoveredashipthatwasstrandedonareef.DescribetheconditionsunderwhichthesalvorcanclaimasalvageawardaccordingtotheInternationalConventiononSalvage.6.AportisimplementingtheInternationalShipandPortFacilitySecurity(ISPS)Code.Describethemeasurestheportshouldtaketoensurethesecurityofshipsandportfacilities.7.Ashipisdischargingpollutantsintothesea.DescribetheregulationstheshipmustfollowaccordingtotheMARPOL73/78convention.8.Acargoshipiscarryingavarietyofcargo.Describehowtheconceptof"stowagefactor"affectstheloadingandunloadingofcargo.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A解析：TheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)1974,asamended,primarilyaimstoregulatetheconstructionandequipmentofshipstoensuresafetyatsea.Theconventionsetsoutdetailedrequirementsforthedesign,construction,andequipmentofshipstominimizetheriskoflossoflifeatsea.2.B解析：Inmaritimecommunication,theterm"MAYDAY"isadistresscallindicatingalife-threateningsituation.Itisthemostseveredistresscallandisusedtosignalthatthevesselisinimmediatedangerandrequiresimmediateassistance.3.A解析：AccordingtotheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs),whentwovesselsarecrossingsoastomeeteachother,thevesselonthestarboardsideshouldgivewaytothevesselontheportside.Thisrulehelpspreventcollisionsbyensuringthatonevesseltakesresponsibilityforavoidingapotentialcollision.4.B解析：Inmaritimeterminology,theterm"berth"referstoafixedplacewhereashipismooredoranchored.Itisadesignatedareainaportorharborwhereshipscandockforloading,unloading,orrefueling.5.B解析：TheprimarypurposeoftheInternationalShipandPortFacilitySecurity(ISPS)Codeistoensurethesafetyandsecurityofshipsandports.Thecodeprovidesguidelinesfortheimplementationofsecuritymeasurestopreventactsofterrorismandothersecuritythreatsinthemaritimeindustry.6.A解析：Inthecontextofmaritimelaw,the"SalvageAward"referstoapaymentmadetothesalvorforsuccessfulrecoveryofaship.Theawardisbasedonthevalueofthesalvagedpropertyandtheeffortsmadebythesalvortosavetheship.7.B解析：TheInternationalConventionontheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)requiresshipstocarrylifeboatsandliferaftsaslife-savingequipment.Thesedevicesareessentialforensuringthesafetyofthecrewandpassengersintheeventofashipwreck.8.B解析：ThesignificanceoftheMARPOL73/78conventioninmaritimeenvironmentalprotectionistocontrolthedischargeofpollutantsfromships.Theconventionsetsoutstrictregulationsonthetypesandquantitiesofpollutantsthatcanbedischargedintothemarineenvironment.9.B解析：AccordingtotheInternationalConventiononSalvage,aconditionforasalvageawardisthatthesalvormusthaveactedvoluntarilyandreasonably.Thesalvormustnothavebeenobligatedtoperformthesalvageoperationandmusthavetakenreasonablemeasurestosavetheship.10.A解析：TheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs)classifyvesselsintopower-drivenvesselsandsailingvesselsbasedontheirnavigationstatus.Thisclassificationhelpsdeterminetherightsofwayandresponsibilitiesofvesselsatsea.11.A解析：Theterm"stowagefactor"inmaritimecargohandlingreferstotheweightofthecargoperunitvolume.Itisusedtodeterminethespacerequirementsforcargoonashipandtocalculatetheship'scargocapacity.12.B解析：TheInternationalConventionontheLoadLineaimstoensurethestabilityofshipswhenloadedwithcargo.Theconventionsetsoutregulationsfortheloadingofshipstopreventthemfrombecomingunstableandsinking.13.B解析：Inmaritimecommunication,theterm"CQD"isadistresscallusedtoindicatealife-threateningsituation.Itisoneofthethreeinternationaldistresscallsandisusedtosignalthatthevesselisinimmediatedangerandrequiresassistance.14.B解析：TheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)requiresshipstocarryliferaftsandlifebuoysassafetyequipment.Thesedevicesareessentialforensuringthesafetyofthecrewandpassengersintheeventofashipwreck.15.B解析：TheprimarypurposeoftheInternationalShipandPortFacilitySecurity(ISPS)Codeistoensurethesafetyandsecurityofshipsandports.Thecodeprovidesguidelinesfortheimplementationofsecuritymeasurestopreventactsofterrorismandothersecuritythreatsinthemaritimeindustry.16.A解析：Inthecontextofmaritimelaw,the"SalvageAward"referstoapaymentmadetothesalvorforsuccessfulrecoveryofaship.Theawardisbasedonthevalueofthesalvagedpropertyandtheeffortsmadebythesalvortosavetheship.17.B解析：TheInternationalConventionontheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)requiresshipstocarrylifeboatsandliferaftsaslife-savingequipment.Thesedevicesareessentialforensuringthesafetyofthecrewandpassengersintheeventofashipwreck.18.B解析：ThesignificanceoftheMARPOL73/78conventioninmaritimeenvironmentalprotectionistocontrolthedischargeofpollutantsfromships.Theconventionsetsoutstrictregulationsonthetypesandquantitiesofpollutantsthatcanbedischargedintothemarineenvironment.19.B解析：AccordingtotheInternationalConventiononSalvage,aconditionforasalvageawardisthatthesalvormusthaveactedvoluntarilyandreasonably.Thesalvormustnothavebeenobligatedtoperformthesalvageoperationandmusthavetakenreasonablemeasurestosavetheship.20.A解析：TheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs)classifyvesselsintopower-drivenvesselsandsailingvesselsbasedontheirnavigationstatus.Thisclassificationhelpsdeterminetherightsofwayandresponsibilitiesofvesselsatsea.二、填空题1.InternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs)解析：TheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs)areasetofinternationalregulationsdesignedtopreventcollisionsbetweenvesselsatsea.Theseregulationsprovideguidelinesforthesafenavigationofvesselsandhelppreventaccidentsatsea.2.Cargosecuring解析：Theterm"cargosecuring"referstothepracticeofsecuringcargoonashiptopreventshiftingduringavoyage.Propercargosecuringisessentialtoensurethesafetyoftheshipanditscrew.3.MAYDAY解析：Theterm"MAYDAY"isadistresscallusedinmaritimecommunicationtoindicatealife-threateningsituation.Itisthemostseveredistresscallandisusedtosignalthatthevesselisinimmediatedangerandrequiresimmediateassistance.4.MARPOL73/78解析：TheMARPOL73/78conventionregulatesthedischargeofpollutantsfromshipstoprotectthemarineenvironment.Theconventionsetsoutstrictregulationsonthetypesandquantitiesofpollutantsthatcanbedischargedintothemarineenvironment.5.Depthsounder解析：Theterm"depthsounder"referstoadeviceusedtomeasurethedepthofwaterbeneathaship.Thisdevicehelpsshipsnavigatesafelybyprovidinginformationaboutthedepthofwaterindifferentareas.6.Stowagefactor解析：Theterm"stowagefactor"referstothespaceoccupiedbycargoonaship.Itisusedtodeterminethespacerequirementsforcargoonashipandtocalculatetheship'scargocapacity.7.InternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)解析：TheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)isasetofinternationalregulationsthatensurethesafetyoflifeatsea.Theconventionsetsoutdetailedrequirementsforthedesign,construction,andequipmentofshipstominimizetheriskoflossoflifeatsea.8.InternationalConventiononSalvage解析：TheInternationalConventiononSalvageprovidesguidelinesforthesalvageofshipsandpropertyatsea.Theconventionsetsoutrulesforthesalvageofshipsandthedistributionofsalvageawards.9.PAN-PAN解析：Theterm"PAN-PAN"isasignalusedinmaritimecommunicationtoindicatearequestformedicalassistance.Itisalessseveredistresscallthan"MAYDAY"andisusedtosignalthatthevesselrequiresmedicalassistancebutisnotinimmediatedanger.10.Cargosecuringdevice解析：Theterm"cargosecuringdevice"referstoatypeofcargosecuringdeviceusedtopreventcargofromshiftingduringavoyage.Thesedevicesareessentialtoensurethesafetyoftheshipanditscrew.三、判断题1.False解析：TheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs)applytoallvesselsatsea,notjustthoseengagedincommercialshipping.Theregulationsaredesignedtoensurethesafenavigationofallvessels,regardlessoftheirpurpose.2.True解析：Theterm"berth"inmaritimeterminologyreferstoafixedplacewhereashipismooredoranchored.Itisadesignatedareainaportorharborwhereshipscandockforloading,unloading,orrefueling.3.False解析：TheInternationalConventiononSalvagedoesnotrequirethesalvortohavepriorpermissionfromtheshipownertoclaimasalvageaward.Theconventionsetsoutconditionsunderwhichasalvorcanclaimanawardbasedonthevalueofthesalvagedpropertyandtheeffortsmadebythesalvor.4.True解析：TheLoadLineConventionensuresthestabilityofshipswhenloadedwithcargo.Theconventionsetsoutregulationsfortheloadingofshipstopreventthemfrombecomingunstableandsinking.5.True解析：Theterm"stowagefactor"inmaritimecargohandlingreferstotheweightofthecargoperunitvolume.Itisusedtodeterminethespacerequirementsforcargoonashipandtocalculatetheship'scargocapacity.6.False解析：TheInternationalShipandPortFacilitySecurity(ISPS)Codeappliestoshipsoperatinginalltypesofwaters,notjustcoastalwaters.Thecodeprovidesguidelinesfortheimplementationofsecuritymeasurestopreventactsofterrorismandothersecuritythreatsinthemaritimeindustry.7.False解析：Theterm"MAYDAY"intheInternationalCodeofSignalsisusedtoindicatealife-threateningsituation,notarequestformedicalassistance.Theterm"PAN-PAN"isusedtoindicatearequestformedicalassistance.8.True解析：TheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS)requiresshipstocarrylifeboatsandliferafts.Thesedevicesareessentialforensuringthesafetyofthecrewandpassengersintheeventofashipwreck.9.False解析：TheMARPOL73/78conventiondoesnotregulatetheemploymentofseafarers.Theconventionfocusesontheenvironmentalprotectionofthemarineenvironmentbyregulatingthedischargeofpollutantsfromships.10.True解析：Theterm"CQD"intheInternationalCodeofSignalsisusedtoindicateadistresscallindicatingalife-threateningsituation.Itisoneofthethreeinternationaldistresscallsandisusedtosignalthatthevesselisinimmediatedangerandrequiresassistance.四、简答题1.TheprimarypurposeoftheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs)istopreventcollisionsbetweenvesselsatsea.Theregulationsprovideguidelinesforthesafenavigationofvesselsandhelppreventaccidentsatsea.Theyclassifyvesselsintodifferentcategoriesbasedontheirnavigationstatusandsetoutrulesfortherightsofwayandresponsibilitiesofvesselsatsea.2.ThesignificanceoftheLoadLineConventioninmaritimeoperationsistoensurethestabilityofshipswhenloadedwithcargo.Theconventionsetsoutregulationsfortheloadingofshipstopreventthemfrombecomingunstableandsinking.Theloadlinemarksonashipindicatethemaximumdepthtowhichtheshipcanbeloadedindifferentwaterdensitiesandweatherconditions.3.TheroleoftheInternationalShipandPortFacilitySecurity(ISPS)Codeinensuringmaritimesecurityistoprovideguidelinesfortheimplementationofsecuritymeasurestopreventactsofterrorismandothersecuritythreatsinthemaritimeindustry.Thecoderequiresshipsandportstoimplementsecuritymeasurestoprotectagainstunauthorizedaccess,theft,anddamage.4.TheconditionsunderwhichasalvageawardisgrantedundertheInternationalConventiononSalvageincludethesalvormusthaveactedvoluntarilyandreasonably,thesalvormusthavesavedtheshiporpropertyfromdanger,andthesalvageoperationmusthavebeensuccessful.Theawardisbasedonthevalueofthesalvagedpropertyandtheeffortsmadebythesalvor.5.ThepurposeoftheInternationalCodeofSignalsinmaritimecommunicationistoprovideastandardizedsystemofsignalsforusebetweenvesselsandshorestations.Thecodeincludesvisual,audible,andradiosignalsthatcanbeusedtoconveymessagesandrequestsforassistance.Thesignalsaredesignedtobeeasilyrecognizedandunderstoodbyallmariners.6.ThesignificanceoftheMARPOL73/78conventioninmaritimeenvironmentalprotectionistocontrolthedischargeofpollutantsfromships.Theconventionsetsoutstrictregulationsonthetypesandquantitiesofpollutantsthatcanbedischargedintothemarineenvironment.Itaimstominimizetheenvironmentalimpactofmaritimeoperationsandprotectthemarineecosystem.7.Shipsarerequiredtocarryvarioustypesoflife-savingequipmentundertheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea(SOLAS).Theseincludelifeboats,liferafts,lifebuoys,lifejackets,andemergencysignalingdevices.Thesedevicesareessentialforensuringthesafetyofthecrewandpassengersintheeventofashipwreck.8.Theconceptof"stowagefactor"inmaritimecargohandlingreferstotheweightofthecargoperunitvolume.Itisusedtodeterminethespacerequirementsforcargoonashipandtocalculatetheship'scargocapacity.Thestowagefactorhelpsshipownersandcargohandlersplantheloadingofcargoefficientlyandensurethattheshipisproperlybalancedandstable.五、应用题1.Whenashipisapproachinganothervesselinanarrowchannel,bothvesselsshouldtakeactionstoavoidcollisionaccordingtotheInternationalRegulationsforPreventingCollisionsatSea(COLREGs).Thevesselonthestarboardsideshouldgivewaytothevesselontheportside.Ifthevesselsareapproachingeachother,thevesselonthestarboardsideshouldtakeearlyandsubstantialactiontokeepwellclearoftheothervessel.Thevesselontheportsideshouldmaintainitscourseandspeedunlessnecessarytoavoidcollision.2.Whenacargoshipispreparingtoloadcargo,thecrewshouldtakestepstoensurethecargoisproperlysecuredaccordingtomaritimecargohandlingpractices.Thisincludesproperlystowingthecargotopreventshiftingduringavoyage,usingappropriatecargosecuringdevicessuchaslashingsanddunnage,andensuringthatthecargoisevenlydistributedtomaintaintheship'sstability.Thecrewshouldalsocheckthecargofordamageandensurethatitisproperlylabeledanddocumented.3.Whenavesselisindistressandneedsassistance,thecrewshouldusethedistresscall"MAYDAY"accordingtotheInternationalCodeofSignals.Thecallshouldberepeatedthreetimes,followedbya