全新版大学英语第二版综合教程4Unit1电子教案.ppt

1、,BR_main,AnEnglishSong,NapoleonBonaparte,WorldWarII,MapReading,BR_AnEnglishSong_main,AnEnglishSongTheWreckoftheEdmundFitzgerald,BackgroundoftheSong,QuestionsabouttheSong,BlankFilling,BR_1.1,BackgroundoftheSong,Thesongyouareabouttohearisbasedonatruestory.IttellsthetaleofthesinkingofashipcalledTheEdmu

2、ndFitzgeraldthatwascaughtinastormonLakeSuperiorbackinNovember1975,withthelossofallonboard.LakeSuperiorisanenormouslakeandthewindcanattimesmakeitdangeroustoshipping,whippinguphugewaves.Novemberisaparticularlydangerousmonthforsuchstorms.ThishadlongagobeennoticedbyalocalnativeAmericantribe,theChippewa,

3、whousedtospeakofhowdeaththreatenedfromthelakewhenstorm,BR_1.1,stormcloudsgatheredinNovember.Accordingtolegend,thebiglake,whichtheycalledGitcheGumee,waswithoutmercyinthatmonth,nevergivingupthoseithadmarkedfordeath.ItisthislegendthatstartsthesongbeforeitmovesontotalkofTheEdmundFitzgerald.TheEdmundFitz

4、gerald,likemanyothershipsthatsailthelake,wasbuilttocarryironore.Filledwithoretheseshipslielowinthewaterandcanfindthemselvesindifficultiesinroughweather.So,withafullloadonboardwecanimaginetheanxietythatmusthavebeguntocreepintotheheartsofthesailorsonboardTheEdmundFitzgerald,BR_1.1,astheyfeltthecoldwin

5、dbeginningtoriseandheardthesoundofitsingingasitblewthroughthewires.For,despitethefactthatthecaptainandcrewwereallexperienced,well-seasonedasthesongsays,theyallknewthedangersofNovemberstorms.Beforelongtheirworsefearsstartedtocometrueandthestormhadrisentoahurricane.Thedespairofthecrewiscapturedinthewo

6、rdsofthecook.Firsthecomesondecktotellthesailorsitistooroughtocook,theywillhavetowaitfortheirsupper.Thenextwehearfromhimheissayinggoodbyetohisshipmates.Waterispouringintotheship.Thecaptainsendsoutadistresssignal,butthatisthelastthatisheardfromtheship.Itisswallowedupbythelake,BR_1.1,leavingnothingbehi

7、ndbutthemourningfamiliesofthetwenty-ninesailorsandthesoundofthechurchbellringingintheirmemory.Nowletslistentothesong.,BR_AnEnglishSong2,QuestionsabouttheSong,Listentothesongandanswerthefollowingquestions.,IttookplaceonLakeSuperiorinNovember1975.,1.Whereandwhendidthestormtakeplace?,Becausetheyknewthe

8、dangersofNovemberstormsandthestormhadrisentoahurricane.,2.Whydidthecrewfeartheworst?,BR_AnEnglishSong.3,BlankFilling,ThelivesonfromtheChippewaondownOfthebiglaketheycallGitcheGumeeThelake,itissaid,neverherdeadWhentheskiesofNovemberturngloomyWithaloadofironorethousandtonsmoreThantheEdmundFitzgeraldwei

9、ghedemptyThatgoodshipandtruewasabonetobechewedWhentheofNovembercameearlyTheshipwastheprideoftheAmericansideComingbackfromsomemillinWisconsinAsthebigfreightersgo,itwasmost,legend,_,givesup,_,twenty-six,_,gales,_,biggerthan,_,BR_2_3,WithacrewandgoodcaptainwellseasonedConcludingsometermswithsteelfirmsW

10、hentheyleftfullyloadedforClevelandAndlaterthatnightwhentheshipsbellrangCoulditbetheydbeenfeelingThewindinthewiresmadeatattle-talesoundAndawavetherailingAndeverymanknew,asthecaptaindidtooTwasthewitchofNovembercomestealingThecamelateandthebreakfasthadtowaitWhentheGalesofNovembercameslashingWhenafterno

11、oncameitwasfreezingrain,acoupleof,_,thenorthwind,_,brokeover,_,dawn,_,BR_2_4,ahurricanewestwindWhensuppertimecame,theoldcookcameondecksayingFellas,itsyaAtsevenPMamainhatchwaycavedin,hesaidFellas,itsbeengoodtoknowyaThecaptainwiredinhehadwatercominginAndthegoodshipandcrewwasAndlaterthatnightwhenhislig

12、htswentoutofsightCametheoftheEdmundFitzgeraldDoesanyoneknowwheretheloveofGodgoesWhenthewavesturntheThesearchersallsaytheydhavemadeWhitefishBay,Inthefaceof,_,tooroughtofeed,_,inperil,_,wreck,_,minutestohours,_,BR_2_4,IftheydputfifteenmoremilesbehindherTheymighthaveortheymighthavecapsizedTheymayhavebr

13、okedeepandtookwaterAndallthatisthefacesandthenamesOfthewivesandthesonsandthedaughtersLakeHuronrolls,SuperiorsingsIntheroomsofhermansionOldMichigansteamslikeayoungmansdreamsTheandbaysareforsportsmenAndfartherbelowLakeOntarioTakesinwhatLakeEriecansendher,splitup,_,remains,_,icewater,_,islands,_,liveso

14、n,BR_2_4,AndtheironboatsgoasthemarinersallknowWiththeGalesofrememberedInamustyinDetroittheyprayedIntheMaritimeSailorsCathedralThechurchbellchimedtillitrangtwenty-ninetimesForeachmanontheEdmundFitzgeraldThelegendfromtheChippewaondownOfthebiglaketheycallGitcheGumeeSuperior,theysaid,neverherdeadWhenthe

15、galesofNovembercomeearly,November,_,oldhall,_,_,givesup,_,BR_NapoleonBonaparte_main,NapoleonBonaparte,ABriefIntroductiontoNapoleonBonaparte,NapoleonsChronology,TheBattleofWaterloo,NapoleonsCampaign,EmperoroftheFrench,whoconsolidatedandinstitutionalizedmanyreformsoftheFrenchRevolution.Oneofthegreates

16、tmilitarycommandersofalltime,heconqueredthelargerpartofEurope.During18021815NapoleontriedtogaincontrolofthewholeofEurope.HehadgreatsuccessagainstallhisenemiesexceptBritain,whosenavyunderNelsondefeatedtheFrenchnavy,navyattheBattleofTrafalgarin1805,andwhosearmyfoughtthePeninsularWaragainsthimfrom1808t

17、o1814,makinghimweakerinhisothercampaigns.,BR_3_1,ABriefIntroductiontoNapoleonBonaparte,NapoleonBonaparte(17691821),BR_3_2,In1812NapoleonlosthalfamillionmenwhenheinvadedRussiainwinter,andin1814theBritish,Russians,PrussiansandAustriansenteredParis.TheysentNapoleontoruletheislandofElbaintheMediterranea

18、n,buthecollectedanarmyaroundhimandreturnedtoParis.Hewassoondefeatedagain,attheBattleofWaterlooin1815,andwassenttotheislandofSt.HelenainthesouthAtlantic,wherehediedin1821.,BR_3_1.1_pop1,FrenchRevolution,BR_3_1.1_pop2,Nelson,BR_3_1.1_pop3,TheBattleofTrafalgar,BR_3_1.1_pop4,ThePeninsularWar,BR_3_1.1_po

19、p4,TheBattleofWaterloo,BR_3_1.1_pop4,TheIslandofSt.Helena,BR_3_2_1.1,NapoleonsChronology,Date,Event,August15,1769,BorninAjaccio,Corsia.,April1796,Italiancampaignbegan.,May1798,BonapartesEgyptiancampaignbeganWaroftheSecondCoalition.,MayJune1800,BonapartessecondItaliancampaign.,May1804,Referendumprocl

20、aimedBonaparteashereditaryEmperor.,BR_3_2_1.2,NapoleonsChronology,Date,Event,December2,1804,ThepopewasbroughttoParisforhiscoronationinNotreDame.,June1812,InvasionofRussia.,September7,1812,BattleofBorodino.,October1812,RetreatfromMoscowbegan.,January1814,AlliescrossedtheRhine.,BR_3_2_1.3,Date,Event,M

21、arch31,1814,Parisfell.,April6,1814,Napoleonabdicated.,March20,1815,NapoleonescapedfromElbaandreturnedtoParis.,June18,1815,BattleofWaterloo.,May5,1821,NapoleondiedonSaintHelena.,BR_3_1.1_pop4,BR_3_1.1_pop4,BR_3_1.1_pop4,BR_3_1.1_pop4,BR_3_1.1_pop4,BR_3_1.1_pop4,BR_3_2_2.1,TheBattleofWaterloo,TheBattl

22、eofWaterlooisthefinalanddecisiveactionoftheNapoleonicWars,whicheffectivelyendedFrenchdominationoftheEuropeancontinentandbroughtaboutdrasticchangesinthepoliticalboundariesandthepowerbalanceofEurope.FoughtonJune18,1815,nearWaterloo,inwhatisnowBelgium,thebattleranksasagreatturningpointinmodernhistory.,

23、BR_3_2_2.1,TheBattleofWaterloo,BR_3_2_2.2,NapoleonsCampaign,Whilealliesinname,FranceandRussiawereneverrealfriends.RussiaseconomywasbeinghurtbyNapoleonBonapartesContinentalSystemthatbannedtradewithBritainandinternalpressuresforcedTsarAlexandertoturnablindeyetothosewhobrokeit.Bonapartedecidedtobringth

24、eRussiansbackintolineandgatheredaGrandArmyofmorethan500,000menincludingcontingentsfromallFrancesalliestofrightenthem.BonaparteleftthearmyonDecember5toreturntoPariswhereacouphadbeenfoiledandtoraiseanotherarmy.HistroopsdraggedthemselvesonandonDecember7finallycrossedtheNiemenoutofRussianterritory.Theyh

25、adsurvived,butonly20,000ofthem.,BR_3_2_2.3,BR_WorldWarII_main,WorldWarII,JosephStalin,ChronologyoftheWar,ABriefIntroductiontotheWar,AdolfHitler,SiegeofLeningrad,BattleofStalingrad,ABriefIntroductiontoAdolfHitler,HitlersChronology,BR_ChronologyoftheWar,ChronologyoftheWar,Date,Event,April,1940,Denmark

26、andNorwaywereconquered.,June22,1941,Hitlerlaunchedhislong-termattackontheSovietUnion.,September1,1939,TheSecondWorldWarinEuropestartedwithGermanarmiespouringacrossthePolishfrontier.,May10,1940,HitlerstroopsdroveintoFranceandwithinthefollowingsixweeks,Holland,BelgiumandLuxembourghadsurrenderedashadFr

27、ance.,BR_3_3.1,Date,Event,September,1942February,1943,AdecisivebattlewasfoughtatStalingrad,whichwastheturningpointofthewar.,December,1941,TheU.S.A.enteredthewarafterJapaneseplanesbombedtheAmericannavalbaseatPearlHarbor.,June6,1944,American,BritishandCanadianforceslandedinNormandyandopenedthesecondfr

28、ontinEurope.,May2,1945,TheSovietarmytookBerlin.,May7,1945,Germanysurrendered.,BR_3_3.1,BR_3_3.2,BR_3_3.3,BR_3_3.4,BR_3_3.5,BR_3_3.6,BR_3_3.7,BR_3_3.8,BR_3_3.9,BR_3_ABriefIntroductiontotheWar,ABriefIntroductiontotheWar,BR_3_4.1,ABriefIntroductiontoAdolfHitler,BR_3_4.1,AdolfHitler(18891945):Germanpoli

29、ticalandmilitaryleaderandoneofthe20thcenturysmostpowerfuldictators.HitlerconvertedGermanyintoafullymilitarizedsocietyandlaunchedWorldWarIIin1939.Hemadeanti-SemitismakeystoneofhispropagandaandpoliciesandbuilttheNaziPartyintoamassmovement.Hehopedtoconquertheentireworld,andforatimedominatedmostofEurope

30、andmuchofNorthAfrica.HeinstitutedsterilizationandeuthanasiameasurestoenforcehisideaofracialpurityamongtheGermanpeopleandslaughteredmillionsofJews,SintiandRoma(Gypsies),Slavicpeoples,andmanyothers,allofwhomheconsideredinferior.,ABriefIntroductiontoAdolfHitler,BR_3_HitlersChronology,HitlersChronology,

31、Date,Event,19141918,VolunteerinGermanArmy.Wounded,gassed,anddecorated.,November11,1923,ArrestedforleadingtheMunichBeerHallputsch(coup)againsttheGermannationalgovernment.,April23,1889,BorninBraunau,upperAustria,sonofacustomsofficial.,September1919,JoinedGermanWorkersParty,whichhereorganizedastheNatio

32、nalSocialistGermanWorkers(Nazi)Party.,BR_3_HitlersChronology,Date,Event,August19,1934,FollowingthedeathofPaulvonHindenburg,Hitlerassumedpresidencywhilemaintaininghisothertitleaschancellor.,September1,1939,InvadedPoland,provokingBritainandFrancetodeclarewaronGermanytwodayslater.,January30,1933,Appoin

33、tedchancellorafterNaziswonone-thirdofvotes.,March7,1936,SenttroopsintotheRhinelandinviolationoftreatiesofVersaillesandLocamo.,April30,1945,CommittedsuicideinBerlinbunker.,BR_3_3.1,BR_3_3.2,BR_3_3.3,BR_3_SiegeofLeningrad,SiegeofLeningrad,BR_3_SiegeofLeningrad,Alsoknownasthe900-DaySiege,blockadebyGerm

34、anforcesoftheUSSRssecondlargestcityduringWorldWarII,fromSeptember1941toJanuary1944.ThetotaldestructionofLeningradwasoneofAdolfHitlersmajorobjectivesinhisRussiancampaignandhadbeenspecificallymentionedintheBarbarossadirectiveofDecember18,1940.TheNazileaderhaddescribedthecityasacenterofJewish-Bolshevik

35、intelligentsia.TherewastobenoplaceforLeningradintheNazi“NewOrder”.,SiegeofLeningrad,BR_BattleofStalingrad,BattleofStalingrad,BR_4.1_BattleofStalingrad,(194243)UnsuccessfulGermanassaultontheSovietcityinWorldWarII.GermanforcesinvadedtheSovietUnionin1941andhadadvancedtothesuburbsofStalingrad(nowVolgogr

36、ad)bythesummerof1942.MetbyadeterminedRedArmydefensecommandedbyVasilyChuikov,theyreachedthecityscentreafterfiercestreetfighting.InNovembertheSovietscounterattackedandencircledtheGermanarmyledbyFriedrichPaulus,whosurrenderedinFebruary1943with91,000troops.TheAxisforces(Germans,Romanians,Italians,andHun

37、garians)suffered800,000deaths;inexcessof1,000,000Sovietsoldiersdied.ThebattlemarkedthefarthestextentoftheGermanadvanceintotheSovietUnion.,BattleofStalingrad,BR_4.1_NorthernCalifornia,JosephStalin(18791953):GeneralsecretaryoftheCommunistPartyoftheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics(USSR)(19221953)andchai

38、rmanoftheCouncilofMinistersoftheUSSR(19411953).UnderhisleadershiptheUSSRwasbuiltintoamoderneconomicandmilitarypowerthatrepelledHitlersarmiesinWorldWarIIandrivaledtheUnitedStatesduringtheColdWarperiod.,JosephStalin,BR_4.1_JosephStalin1,BR_4.1_JosephStalin2,JosephStalin(18791953):Generalsecretaryofthe

39、CommunistPartyoftheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics(USSR)(19221953)andchairmanoftheCouncilofMinistersoftheUSSR(19411953).UnderhisleadershiptheUSSRwasbuiltintoamoderneconomicandmilitarypowerthatrepelledHitlersarmiesinWorldWarIIandrivaledtheUnitedStatesduringtheColdWarperiod.,JosephStalin,BR_MapReading

40、,MapReading,Readthefollowingmapsandanswerthefollowingquestions.,1.NapoleonsRussianCampaign,18121)Findthefollowingplacenames:Moscow,Borodino,andNemanRiver.2)WhathappenedinBorodino?,Clickheretoseethemap!,2HitlersRussianCampaign,194119441)WhendidtheHitlersRussianCampaignhappen?2)HowlongwasLeningradbein

41、gbesieged?,Clickheretoseethemap!,BR_4_2,NapoleonsRussianCampaign,1)Findthefollowingplacenames:Moscow,Borodino,andNemanRiver.2)WhathappenedinBorodino?,BR_4_3,HitlersRussianCampaign,1)WhendidtheHitlersRussianCampaignhappen?2)HowlongwasLeningradbeingbesieged?,GR_main,PartDivisionoftheText,FurtherUnders

42、tanding,GR_FurtherUnderstanding_main,FurtherUnderstanding,TrueorFalse,QuestionsandAnswers,TextAnalysis,GR_PartDivisionoftheText1,PartDivisionoftheText,Parts,Para(s),MainIdeas,2,1,112,IntroductionBothNapoleonsandHitlersmilitarycampaignsfailedbecauseoftheseverityoftheRussianwinter.,1362,Napoleonsmilit

43、arycampaignagainstRussia.,GR_PartDivisionoftheText2,Parts,Para(s),MainIdeas,3,63113,HitlersmilitarycampaignagainsttheSovietUnion.,4,114117,ConclusionTheelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.,2.NapoleonandhistroopsgainedthequickvictoryinRussiaastheyhadexpected.,GR_2_2.1,TrueorFalse,

44、F,ToNapoleonssurprise,theRussiansrefusedtostandandfight.Theyretreatedeastward,burningtheircropsandhomesastheywent.,(),1.“Theicydefender”referstotheRussianriver.,F,“Theicydefender”referstothebleakRussianwinter.,(),4.HitlerbegananinvasionoftheSovietUnionthatwasthelargestmilitarylandcampaigninhistory.,

45、3.NapoleondidntcapturethecapitalofRussia.,GR_2_2.2,T,(),F,NapoleoncapturedthecapitalofRussia:Moscow.,(),5.Germantroopsadoptedscorch-earthpolicywhentheyenteredRussia.,F,StalininstructedtheRussianpeopletoburnanddestroyfarmsandfactories.,(),6.HitlerfailedtocaptureMoscowbecauseofthestrongresistancefromR

46、ussianpeople.,GR_2_2.2,F,HitlerfailedtocaptureMoscowbecauseoftheseverewinterinRussia.,(),GR_2_4,QuestionsandAnswers,1.WhathappenedtoNapoleonsGrandArmywhenitwasretreatingfromMoscow?,TheRussianslaunchedhit-and-runattacksontheFrenchfromfieldsandforests.Ontheotherhand,thetemperaturedroppedtominus4degree

47、sCelsiusandNapoleonsarmydidnthaveenoughclothes,foodandshelter.,2.WhydidnttheRussianpeopledefendtheirhomelandinthefaceofNapoleonsoffensive?,Theywouldliketotakeadvantageoftheirnaturesituationtofightforthem.,GR_2_4,QuestionsandAnswers,3.WhattacticsdidHitleruseinhisinvasionoftheSovietUnion?,Heplannedtou

48、sethetacticscalledblitzkrieg,or“lightningwar”,whichhaddefeatedtherestofEurope.,4.WhatwasthesignificanceofthebattleofStalingrad?,Itwasoneofthemostimportantbattles.ItendedGermanysongoingoffensiveagainsttheSovietUnion,andalongwiththesecondBattleofElAlameinpavedthewayforNaziGermanyseventualdefeat.,GR_2_

49、4,QuestionsandAnswers,5.WhatconclusiondoestheauthordrawfromNapoleonsandHitlersmilitarycampaigns?,Theelementsofnaturemustbereckonedwithinanymilitarycampaign.,GR_2_4,Strengthofinvadingforce,Startingtimeofinvasion,Startofwar,Countryinvaded,Invadingcountry,AComparison-and-ContrastAnalysisoftheTwoInvasio

50、ns,TextAnalysis,France,Germany,SovietUnion,Russia,Napoleon,Hitler,Spring,1812,6/22/1941,600,000,thelargestlandcampaigninhistory,Prediction,quickvictory,conquestofRussiain5weeks,Blitzkrieg(lightningwar),lastingnolongerthan3months,GR_2_4,TextAnalysis,Truceoffer,Majorbattles,CaptureoftheRussiancapital,

51、Initialresistancestrategy,refusingtostandandfight;retreatingeastwards,burningcropsandhomes,“scorchtheearth”,fiercefighttodefendmajorcities,yes,no,Smolensk,Borodino,theBerezinaRiver,Leningrad,Stalingrad,byNapoleon,rejectedbytheCzar,no,GR_2_4,TextAnalysis,AComparison-and-ContrastAnalysisoftheTwoInvasi

52、ons,Napoleonabdicatedandwentintoexile,hisempireatanend,Biggestenemyfortheinvadingforce,Turningpoint,Fateoftheinvadingforce,War-provokersfate,snow,freezingtemperature,heavyrain,“GeneralMud”,snow,freezingtemperature,October1812whenNapoleonorderedaretreat,1943,whentheSoviettroopspushedtheGermanforcesba

53、ck,only100,000survived,heavylosses,Hitlercommittedsuicide,hisempirecollapsing,DR_Text1,FightingwiththeForcesofNature,In1812,NapoleonBonaparte,EmperoroftheFrench,ledhisGrandArmyintoRussia.HewaspreparedforthefierceresistanceoftheRussianpeopledefendingtheirhomeland.HewaspreparedforthelongmarchacrossRus

54、siansoiltoMoscow,thecapitalcity.ButhewasnotpreparedforthedevastatingenemythatmethiminMoscowtheraw,bitter,bleakRussianwinter.In1941,AdolfHitler,leaderofNaziGermany,launchedanattackagainsttheSovietUnion,asRussiathenwascalled.Hitlersmilitarymightwasunequaled.,DR_Text2,Hiswarmachinehadmoweddownresistanc

55、einmostofEurope.Hitlerexpectedashortcampaignbut,likeNapoleonbeforehim,wastaughtapainfullesson.TheRussianwinteragaincametotheaidoftheSovietsoldiers.,NapoleonsCampaignInthespringof1812,NapoleonassembledanarmyofsixhundredthousandmenonthebordersofRussia.Thesoldierswerewelltrained,efficient,andwellequipp

56、ed.ThismilitaryforcewascalledtheGrandArmy.Napoleon,confidentofaquickvictory,predictedtheconquestofRussiainfiveweeks.,DR_Text3,Shortlyafterwards,NapoleonsarmycrossedtheNemanRiverintoRussia.Thequick,decisivevictorythatNapoleonexpectedneverhappened.Tohissurprise,theRussiansrefusedtostandandfight.Instea

57、d,theyretreatedeastward,burningtheircropsandhomesastheywent.TheGrandArmyfollowed,butitsadvancemarchsoonbecameboggeddownbyslow-movingsupplylines.InAugust,theFrenchandRussianarmiesengagedatSmolensk,inabattlethatleftovertenthousanddeadoneachside.Yet,theRussianswereagainabletoretreatfartherintoRussiante

58、rritory.Napoleonhadwonnodecisivevictory.,DR_Text4,Hewasnowfacedwithacrucialdecision.ShouldhecontinuetopursuetheRussianarmy?OrshouldhekeephisarmyinSmolenskfortheapproachingwinter?NapoleontookthegambleofpressingontoMoscow,448kilometersaway.OnSeptember7,1812,theFrenchandRussianarmiesmetinafiercebattleatBorodino,112kilometerswestofMoscow.Bynightfall,thirtythousandFrenchandforty-fourthousandRussianslaydeadorwoundedonthebattlefield.,DR_Text5,Again,theRussianarmyretreatedtosafety.NapoleonhadaclearpathtoMoscow,buttheoccupationofthecityb