10th week virginia woolf 英美文学赏析 教学课件.ppt

1、Virginia Woolf Candace Miller, Mike McBreen, Pyfrom Taylor, Tony Vitello, Krista Carano,Virginia Woolfs Life,Have you any notion how many books are written about women in the course of one year? Have you any notion how many are written by men? Are you aware that you are, perhaps, the most discussed

2、animal in the universe?” - Virginia Woolf,Virginia Woolfs Life,18821941, English novelist and essayist A successful innovator in the form of the novel, she is considered a significant force in 20th-century fiction.,Biography,She was born Virginia Stephen Born in London on January 25, 1882 Father: Si

3、r Leslie Stephen He was a famous scholar At one time he was the editor of the Cornhill Magazine and Dictionary of National Biography Mother:Julia Jackson She passed away when Virginia was only 12 years old,Biography,Virginia home schooled in her fathers library where she met some of his famous frien

4、ds including, G.E More and E.M Foster. It is in this setting that it is said that “Virginia fell in love with literature.” In 1912, eight years after her fathers death, Virginia married a brilliant young writer from Cambridge England. They were both interested in literature as well as in the labor m

5、ovement and economics. In 1917, they founded the Hogarth Press. Their first book, Two Stories was a success, and over the next two years led them to publish other books including Prelude by Katherine Mansfield (18881923), Poems by T. S. Eliot (18881965); and Kew Gardens by Virginia Woolf.,Biography,

6、Over the years Virginias home in Travistock Square, Bloomsbury became a literary and art center. Her house was frequently visited by individuals such as Arthur Waley (18891966), Lytton Strachey (18801932), Victoria Sackville-West (18921962), and Roger Fry (18661934). John Maynard Keynes (18831943).

7、This group of intellectuals became known as the “Bloomsbury Group”. The Bloomsbury group was known for putting forth the “values of love and beauty as essential to life”.,Biography,Throughout her life Woolf authored around 15 separate books. She is most widely regarded for her use of the “stream of

8、consciousness technique in her story “The Waves”. Some of her famous works include Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse, and Jacobs Room (1922).,Biography,Virginia Woolf suffered mental breakdowns in 1895 and 1915; she drowned herself in 1941 because she feared another breakdown from which she might not

9、 recover. Most of her posthumously published works were edited by her husband. Her death by drowning in Lewes, Sussex, England, on March 28, 1941, has often been regarded as “a suicide brought on by the unbearable strains of life during World War II”,Literary Works,Some of her most famous works are:

10、 Mrs. Dalloway Orlando A Room of Ones Own To the Lighthouse The Waves (stream of consciousness),Some of her works include: The Voyage Out (1915) Night and Day (1919) Monday or Tuesday (1921) Jacobs Room (1922) Mrs. Dalloway (1925) The Common Reader (1925) Orlando (1928) A Room of Ones Own (1929) The

11、 Waves (1931) Flush (1933) The Years (1937) Three Guineas (1938) Roger Fry: A Biography (1940) Between the Acts (1941) The Death of the Moth (1942) A Haunted House (1943),Woolfs Novels,The Voyage Out (1915) Night and Day (1919),traditional in method.,Jacobs Room (1922) Mrs. Dalloway (1925) To the Li

12、ghthouse (1927) The Waves (1931),increasingly innovative,Orlando (1928) The Years (1937 ) Between the Acts (1941) Her biography of Roger Fry (1940),experimental novels The biography is a careful study of a friend.,Some of her short stories from Monday or Tuesday (1921) appear with others in A Haunte

13、d House (1944).,Woolfs Essays,The Common Reader (1925), The Second Common Reader (1933), The Death of the Moth and Other Essays (1942), The Moment and Other Essays (1948). A Room of Ones Own (1929) feminist tracts Three Guineas (1938),So that is marriage, Lily thought, a man and a woman looking at a

14、 girl throwing a ball. “ A woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction”,from To the Lighthouse,from A Room of Ones Own,Woolfs Achievement 1 Stream-of-Consciousness Technique,As a novelist Woolfs primary concern was to represent the flow of ordinary experience. Her emphasis

15、 was not on plot or characterization but on a characters consciousness, his thoughts and feelings, which she brilliantly illuminated by the stream of consciousness technique. Woolf and Joyce are the most gifted and innovative of the stream of consciousness novelists,A Battle against the Traditional

16、Realist Writers,In 1920s, a well-known “ quarrel with some of the established British novelists of the time. To object strongly to “materialists “ because they are concerned not with the spirit but with the body “ that they write of unimportant things; that they spend immense skill and immense indus

17、try making the trivial and the transitory appear the true and the enduring.,A “ Manifesto” for Stream-of- Consciousness type of fiction,“ Examine for a moment an ordinary mind on an ordinary day.,Characteristics of the Stream of the Consciousness device the traditional narrative devices,The Stream-o

18、f-consciousness techniques,The traditional narrative techniques,The Stream-of-consciousness techniques,The traditional narrative techniques,Main Story of Mrs. Dalloway,The central figure, Clarissa Dalloway, is a wealthy London hostess. She spends her day in London preparing for her evening party. Sh

19、e recalls her life before World War I, before her marriage to Richard Dalloway, and her friendship with the unconventional Sally Seton, and her relationship with Peter Walsh. At her party she never meets the shell-shocked veteran患弹震症的老兵 Septimus Smith (his news is brought to her by his doctor), one

20、of the first Englishmen to enlist in the war. Sally returns as Lady Rossetter, Peter Walsh is still enamored with Mrs. Dalloway, the prime minister arrives, and Smith commits suicide.,The Stream-of-Consciousness Technique Represented in Mrs. Dalloway A giant web of thoughts of several groups of peop

21、le during the course of a single day. There is little action/plot, but much movement in time from present to past and back again through the characters memories. The strike of the clock indicates the real time and brings her back to the present real world. She did not limit herself to one consciousn

22、ess, but slipped from mind to mind .,Prose Style,Poetic, heavily symbolic, and filled with superb visual images.,Characterization,A thoroughly well-depicted picture of the heroine, not only from all her own actions and words and thoughts but also from the description of her relations with her family

23、 members and friends. Mrs. Dalloway is shown with all her defects and foibles but there is a sympathy for her throughout the story. After escorting the Prime Minister in her party, “with Sally there and Peter there and Ricard very pleased”, she was aware that “these triumphshad a hollowness.,Virgina

24、l Woolf vs. James Joyce,The spiritual life of the English upper class; her own social circle High condensation and glimpses of moments of experience Her own poetic medium prose; easy to understand,The lower middle class in Dublin; people in all walks of life The illusion of a total picture character

25、s expressing themselves in their own idiom; hard to understand,Movies,Mrs. Dalloway (1997) Directed by Marleen Gorris The Hours (2002) Golden Globe Awards Winner Directed by Stephen Daldry Starring: Nicole Kidman ( Virginia Woolf) Julianne Moore (Mrs. Brown) Meryl Streep (Mrs. Dalloway) (Show 6 minu

26、tes of The Hours),Nicole Kidman acting as Woolf in the Movie The Hours directed by Stephen Daldry,Woolfs Achievement 2 A Feminist,She was very much concerned with the rights and position of women, especially of intelligent women and women writers. She actively took part in the struggle for womans ri

27、ghts of suffrage选举权 Sexuality; Gender,Possibility of an Androgynous Mind,In the last chapter of A Room of Ones Own, Woolf refers to Coleridge who said that a great mind is androgynous and states that when this fusion takes place the mind is fully fertilized and uses all its faculties. Perhaps a mind

28、 that is purely masculine cannot create, any more than a mind that is purely feminine.,Having both female and male characteristics,Orlando (1928),a fantasy novel, traced the career of the androgynous protagonist from a masculine identity within the Elizabethan court to a feminine identity in 1928. a

29、 play of gender,Virginia Woolfs Last Words ( to her husband),“Dearest, I feel certain I am going mad again. I feel we cant go through another of those terrible times. And I shant recover this time. I begin to hear voices, and I cant concentrate. So I am doing what seems the best thing to do. You hav

30、e given me the greatest possible happiness. You have been in every way all that anyone could be. I dont think two people could have been happier till this terrible disease came.,最亲爱的： 我感到我一定又要发狂了。我觉得我们无法再一次经受那种可怕的时刻。而且这一次我也不会再痊愈。我开始听见种种幻声，我的心神无法集中。因此我就要采取那种看来算是最恰当的行动。你已给予我最大可能的幸福。你在每一个方面都做到了任何人所能做到的一切。我相信，在这种可怕的疾病来临之前，没有哪两个人能像我们这样幸福。,I cant fight any longer. I know that I am spoiling your life, that with