专转本英语考试核心词汇辨析

1、专转本英语考试核心词汇辨析abroad adv.到国外 aboard adv./prep.上(船，飞机) adapt v.适应;编辑 adopt v.收养；采纳 adept a.娴熟的 affect v.影响, 假装 effect n.结果, 影响 allusion n.暗示 illusion n.幻觉 delusion n.错觉 elusion n.逃避 altar n.祭坛 alter v.改变 amend v.改正, 修正 emend n.校正 amoral a.与道德无关的 unmoral adj.与immoral 同义 不道德的 angel n.天使 angle n.角(度) ass

2、ent v.同意 ascent n.上升 accent n.口音 assure v.保证 ensure v.使确定 insure n.保险 aural adj.耳的 oral adj.口头的 baron n.男爵 barren adj.贫瘠的,不毛之地的 barn n.古仓 beam n.梁；光束 bean n.豆 been v. have 过去式 champion n.冠军 champagne n.香槟酒 campaign n.战役 chicken n.鸡 kitchen n.厨房 chore n.家务活 chord n.和弦 cord n.细绳 cite v.引用 site n.场所 si

3、ght n.视觉 clash n.(金属的)幢击声；冲突 crash v.碰幢，坠落 crush v.压坏 commerce n.商业 commence v.开始 compliment n.赞美 complement n.附加物 confirm v.确认 conform v.使顺从 contact v./n.接触 contract n.合同 contrast v./n.对照 contend v.奋斗, 斗争 content n.内容adj.满足的 context n.上下文 contest n./v.竞争, 比赛 continual adj.断断续续的 continuous adj.连续不断的

4、 costume n.服装 custom n.习惯 council n.议会 counsel v./n.忠告 consul n.领事 crow n.乌鸦 crown n.王冠 clown n.小丑 cow n.牛 dairy n.牛奶厂 diary n.日记 decent adj.正经的 descent n.下降；血统，祖籍 descend v. 向下 dessert n.甜食 desert n.沙漠v.放弃 dissert v.写论文 dose n.一剂药 doze v.打盹 drawn v. draw的过去分词 drown v.溺水 drought n.天旱 draught n.通风, 拖

5、拉 draughts n.(英)国际跳棋 emigrant n.移民到国外 immigrant n.从某国来的移民 except v.除外 expect v.期望 accept v.接受 excerpt n.摘录，节录 exempt v.免除 excess n. 超过 exceed v.超过 excel v.擅长 expand v.扩张 expend v.花费 extend v.延长 expect v.期望 respect v.尊敬 aspect n.方面 inspect v.视察 suspect v.怀疑 extensive adj.广泛的 intensive adj.深刻的 floor n

6、.地板 flour n.面粉 glide v.滑翔 slide v.使滑行 slip v.跌落 hotel n.旅店 hostel n.青年旅社 immoral n.不道德的 immortal n.不朽的 implicit adj.含蓄的 explicit adj.明白的 incident n.事件 accident n.意外 inspiration n.灵感 aspiration n.渴望 later adv.后来 latter n.后者 latest adj.最近的,最新的 lately adv. 最近 latitude n.纬度 altitude n.高度 gratitude n.感激

7、lone adj.孤独的 alone adj.单独的 lonely adj.寂寞的 loose adj.松的 lose v.丢失 loss n.损失 lost v. lose过去式 march n.三月, 前进 match n.比赛 monkey n.猴子 donkey n.驴 mortal adj.致命的 metal n.金属 mental adj.神经的 medal n.勋章 model n.模特 meddle v.干涉；玩弄 pat v./n.轻拍 tap v.轻打 slap v.(用掌)击；拍 rap v.敲，打 patent n.专利 potent adj.有力的 potential

8、 adj.潜在的 police n.警察 policy n.政策 politics n.政治 pray v.祈祷 prey n.猎物 precede v.领先 proceed v.进行，继续 principal n.校长adj.主要的 principle n.原则 prospect n.前景 perspective n.透视法 protest n./v.抗议 protect v.保护 purpose n.目的 suppose v.假设 propose v.建议 quite adv.相当 十分 quiet adj.安静的；平静的；n.安静，寂静 require v.需要 inquire v.询问

9、 enquire v.询问 acquire v.获得 revenge v.报仇 avenge v.为.报仇 scare v./n.惊吓 scarce adj.缺乏的 stationery n.文具 stationary adj.固定的 steal v.偷 steel n.钢 story n.故事 storey n.楼层 store n.商店 strike v.打 stick v.坚持 strict adj.严格的 strive v.努力 stride v.大步走 sweet adj.甜的 sweat n.汗水 through prep.通过 thorough adj.彻底的 though co

10、nj.尽管 thought v.think 过去分词 wonder v./n.惊讶，惊奇 wander v.漫游，闲逛；走神，精神恍惚最后的盛宴之三吐血推荐写作核心词汇（交通旅游类）v7 交通旅游类 v冒险，探险 adventure v航线与宾馆 airline and hotel v改善，改进 amelioration v优美环境 amelioration v社会反常状态，混乱 anomie v吸引物，景点 attraction v背包客，背包族 backpacker v提供床位和早餐的宿处 bed and breakfast lodging v开发的利益 benefit of develo

11、pment v海滨开发 coastal development v拥挤 congestion v接触自然 contact with nature v国际旅游收入 foreign Tourism receipts v历史资源 historical Resources v自然环境 natural Environment v负面影响 negative impacts v海外旅游 overseas tourism v自然资源保护 protection of Natural Resources v增加税收的潜力 revenue earning potential v饭店收入 restaurant inc

12、ome v游客消费 tourist expenditure Good HealthThe desire for good health is universal. Especially nowadays, the possession of good health is regarded by nearly every one as essential to a happy life as well as a successful one. Only in good shape can you expect to live comfortably or work effectively. In

13、 contrast, without good health, ambitious and promising as a person may be, he will eventually turn out to be a wreckage of modern life. How to stay healthy, then? First, enough time should be set aside for persevering in exercises in addition to sleep and rest. Second, you must give up the habits t

14、hat damage your health, such as smoking and drinking too much alcohol. Finally, be sure to have your physical checkup regularly. Whenever you are found to have any disease, you should have it timely treated. v As for me, I have always been taking care to have proper sleep and relaxation. I have also

15、 been alert to any discomfort in my body. In my spare time I like running, swimming, and playing table tennis. So, I can keep fit and pursue my career with great facility. 基础班第四次课课件内容v Passage 2核心词汇v tap 敲击声，开发，利用v crisis 危机，难关，转折点v lobbyist 游说者v windfall 意外之财v a drop in the bucket 沧海一粟v barrel 桶，圆桶

16、状物v estimate 估计，出价，判断v coastal 海岸的，沿海岸的v ease 减轻，缓和v Passage 3核心词汇bloodshed 流血connotation 含义opponent 对手，反对者gross 粗俗的intellect 智力，理解力adversary 对手deliberately 故意地，蓄意地Passage 4核心词汇v congress 国会v executive 决策人，董事会，决策的v legislative 立法的v judicial 审判的，法庭的v interpret 解释v nullify 取笑，废弃v framework 体制，计划v 40Ho

17、wever you travel, it will take you at least two days.v 41The young woman described to the policemen the way the man ran up to her and grabbed the bag from her hand.v 42If you go on spending money like this, you will find yourself penniless in a month, my friend said to me the other day.v 43 Although

18、 he studied Economics at university, Politics and Philosophy had been his lifelong passions.v 44The scientist will show the audience what a robot can do for a family.v 45The medicine began to work one hour after the child took it.v 46The Security Council consists of five generals and four police off

19、icers.v 47Only by rewarding success can you bring out the best in your employee.v 48 In the United States, private cars are an absolute necessity rather than a luxury.v 49We are nearly crawling. There must be some traffic accident ahead.v 50Everyone thinks that the new member is a valuable addition

20、to the football team.Writingv Reading Selectively or Extensively? As the source of knowledge, books play an important role in our life. They not only make a full man, but also promote the development of society. However, among so many books in the world, should we read selectively or extensively? So

21、me people hold that we should read selectively. To begin with, life is limited, and it is impossible for us to read all kinds of books. Second, not all the books can benefit us. Some kinds of books, such as cartoon books, popular novels and magazines only can entertain us and make us feel relaxed in

22、 our spare time. Third, everyone has special interest, so while reading we could select different books according to our personal interests.However, some believe otherwise. They maintain that in modern society, people are supposed to have more knowledge than their ancestors to cope with tougher prob

23、lems. Besides, the society is developing faster and faster, if we confine our knowledge only to our major or our study field, we couldnt keep up with the changes around us. Even we may feel puzzled about what is happening in this modern world. So some people suggest we read extensively so as to get

24、much more knowledge and not to become a person like Rip Van Winkle.As far as Im concerned, I think wed better read both selectively and extensively. Thus, we can not only become a knowledgeable person in our own field, but also become a well-informed and qualified modern man. 基础班第三次课课件内容v Passage 3v

25、 But today, educators and administrators are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent and are less likely to be punished than in the past. v 但如今,教育者和管理者们发现,与过去相比,学生身上发生的学业作弊事件更加频繁了,而其收到惩罚的可能性却变小了。v Others have attributed increased cheating to th

26、e fact that todays youth are far more pragmatic than their more idealistic predecessors. v 另一些人则将之归咎于这样一个事实:现在的学生比过去的学生更为实际。在60 世纪末70 年代初,学生立志于改变世界,现如今的学生则承受着融入社会并获得成功的巨大压力。v The pressure is not only from parents and friends but from yourself. To achieve. To succeed.v 压力不仅来自父母和朋友,同时也来自自首。我们渴望实现目标,获得

27、成功。 核心词汇v instance 实例，例证v moral 道德上的，精神上的v idealistic 理想主义的v vision 远见，幻想v conform 符合，顺应v hesitant 踌躇的，犹豫的v synthesize 综合，组合v legitimate 合法的，依法的v academic 学术的，教学的v Passage 4核心词汇peasant 农民on sale 出售blind 瞎的，不理解的，不关心的shining 发音v Passage 1v This is an embarrassing subject for English people， and one th

28、ey tend to be ashamed of， though during the present century classconsciousness has grown less and less， and the class system less rigid .v 尽管本世纪等级意识越来越淡，等级制度也越来越不严格，但对于英国人来说它仍是一个尴尬的话题，仍旧引以为耻。 v Workingclass students very commonly receive a university education and enter the professions， and workingc

29、lass incomes have grown so much recently that the distinctions between the two classes are becoming less and less clear.v 劳工家庭中的孩子上大学成为非常平常的事情，此后他们也加入各种专业行当。劳工阶层的工资近来也快速增长，使得两个阶层间的界线越来越模糊。 核心词汇v convention n. 习俗embarrass v. 使困窘rigid adj. 严格hereditary adj. 世袭的manual adj. 体力的accent n. 口音received pronu

30、nciation adj. （英语的）标准发音wellbred adj. 有教养的servility n. 卑屈occupation n. 职业 v Unit2v 参考译文 不计其数的其他商业企业，从剧院到杂志出版商，从公用燃气电力设施到牛奶处理厂，都通过计算机的使用给消费者带来更好、更有效率的服务。v 参考译文 残疾儿童在许多关键方面都与其同龄人不同。为了让这些孩子发展其全部的成人后的潜能，他们的教育必须适应这些不同。v 参考译文 在过去的30 年中，公共教育中显示的对残疾儿童的巨大关注表明了我们社会中的一种强烈的情绪，那就是所有的公民，不管其情况有多特殊，都应享有充分发展其能力的机会。v

31、参考译文 它(广告)能够直接帮助货物以比较合理的价格被迅速分销出去，因此可以(使公司)建立一个坚固的国内市场，同时也使以具有竞争力的价格提供出口变得可能。v 参考译文 除去议会有27 件法案来规范广告的条件，没有任何一个正式的广告商敢于推销一种商品却不能兑现其在广告中的承诺。v 26To our surprise, his casual remark initiated/started a big political storm.v 27Persistence is supposed to be the key to ones success.v 28To cultivate/develop

32、our practical skills, our mother made sure that we did share in keeping the house.v 29Considering his inexperience, he has done a good job.v 30Jane had learned to rely on herself at an early age, and she encouraged her daughter to follow her footsteps/do the same.v 31Given his poor health, he has do

33、ne a good job.v 32Women are excluded from the temple.v 33 With democracy itself under threat, the reforms deserve all the support they can get.v 34The scheme would be very expensive to carry out.v 35The news was passed on by word of mouth.v 36We had to resign ourselves on making a loss on the sale.v

34、 37If the day turns out wet, we may have to change our plan.v 38He always listens to the radio while driving to work.v 39The old professor usually writes well and to the point.基础班第二次课课件内容v Passage 4v Vrain School District核心词汇pitch in 努力principal 校长extraordinary 特别的，异常的，临时的emergency 紧急状况，紧急需要donation

35、 赠送，捐款utility 有用，有益，公用事业rumor 谣言，传说v Passage 1v It was his custom to grubstake prospective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or grub, while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered.v 换句话来说，他提供食品和其他供应，一旦有人发现矿厂，作为回报，他也

36、能从中获益。 核心词汇v colorful 丰富多彩的v legend 传说v lure 诱惑，吸引v rumor 谣传，传闻v deposit 沉淀，存款v fabulous 难以置信的v Passage 2v Potato chips核心词汇v saddle 马鞍，车座，卷曲v domination 支配，权势v resist 抵抗，妨碍v charm 魅力，吸引v saturate 渗透，饱满v consciously 有意识地，自觉地v innovative 创新的v associate 结合，联系v swing 摇摆，旋转，转向v imperialism 帝国主义，霸权 英译中v U

37、nit1v 参考译文 美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。v 参考译文 因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。v 参考译文 另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。v 参考译文 在美国经济中，私有财产的概念不仅包含对生产资源的所有权，也指其他一些特定的权利，

38、如确定一个产品价格和与另一个私人个体(经济单位)自由签定合同的权利。v 参考译文 同时这些计算机记录下哪些时间是最忙的，哪些员工工作效率最高，这样就能相应地做出人员人事安排。而且它们(计算机)也能为促销活动找到那些拥有优先权的顾客。翻译v 13 Because of the financial crisis, John lost his job and could hardly make both ends meet/support himself.v 14Under no circumstance will China first use nuclear weapons.v 15To get

39、/win respect from others，you should learn to respect them first.v 16I have promised Jane that I shall play the violin at the party, but havent practiced it for a long time.v 17The professor advised the students to read more instructive books.v 18Mrs. Smith shut the windows lest the noise outside mig

40、ht affect her sons sleep.v 19 He was so terrified by what he saw that he could not speak a word for several minutes.v 20I would rather go to the park than stay in the house with nothing to do.v 21I could see a car in the distance, but I could not distinguish its color.v 22Its known to all that learn

41、ing English is no easy job.v 23John regretted very much that he said something wrong to his boss.v 24He seems poor, but we all suspected that he was rich.v 25 Its essential to build up your confidence if you want to achieve something/to get somewhere in your life.基础班第一次课课件内容v Passage 1v 文章长难句分析v Des

42、pite initially struggling in the Premiership, he emerged as Arsenals top goal-scorer for almost every season of his tenure there.v 尽管在加盟初期对英超有点不适应，但他在每季均成为阿森纳的首席射手。 v His footballing style and personality have ensured that he is one of the most commercially marketable footballers in the world; he ha

43、s been featured in advertisements for Nike, Reebok, Renault, Pepsi and Gillette.v 他的球风和品质，使他成为当今世界球坛上最具商业价值的球员之一；他为多个著名品牌拍摄广告，包括耐克、锐步、雷诺、百事和全球吉列等。v 核心词汇v instantly 即时地，立即地v suburb 郊区v emerge 显露v racism 种族歧视 v personality 品质v initially 最初地，开始地v Passage 2v Although poor grades are often a result of po

44、or study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes the low grades. Recently, test anxiety had been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.v 尽管成绩较差痛常是学习坏习惯的结果，但是有时候则是考试焦虑症导致了成绩较差。最近，考试焦虑症被认为是一个现实的问题，而这不仅仅是一个懒散学生的借口或错误的解释。核心词汇nervousness 焦虑，担忧，忧虑tension 精神

45、紧张calm 平静，安静relaxation 放松，消遣，娱乐counsel 劝告，咨询microbiology 微生物v Passage 3v Customers & Service 核心词汇v deceptive 欺骗v motto 座右铭v slogan 呐喊，标语v service 服务，招待v staff 人员，员工v hint 暗示v efficiency 效率，效果翻译v 1 I had no sooner arrived home/No sooner had I arrived home than thetelephone rang.v 2The old man regrett

46、ed that he had achieved nothing in his life.v 3He is in his fifties, but he looks younger than his age.v 4 Many big cities in the world are facing the problem of shortage of fresh water resource.v 5He said nothing, leaving me at a loss/in the dark about his plan.v 6How I envy you! If only I could ha

47、ve the chance to visit Paris like you.v 7Id rather read books in the library than to have classes.v 8Our aim is to serve the people heart and soul.v 9Id like to take this chance/opportunity to express my heartfelt thanks for your help.v 10The court ruling deprived him of his political rights.v 11The

48、 truck driver is to take/hold full responsibility for the accident.v 12In the court, the defendant claimed his innocence.导学班作文范文v How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic v With the acceleration of economy progressing, an increasing number of human beings from rural area are pouring into big cities

49、, and therefore, as their transporting tools, vehicles are mushrooming and rushing along the street. Consequently, many cities are faced with the serious problem of traffic congestion, which has become one of the major concerns of the society. v To solve this problem, many solutions have been put fo

50、rward, of which the following two stand most typical. One is to build more roads, which will make the highways less crowded and accelerate the flow of traffic. The other is to create more bus routes, which will enable more passengers to take buses rather than ride bikes or drive cars, thus decreasin

51、g the number of cars and bikes racing on the streets. vHowever, both of the suggestions have disadvantages. The former may occupy too much land, which may be otherwise put into better uses. The latter, on the other hand, will bring inconvenience to those who are living far away from the bus routes.

52、The best solution, in my opinion, seems to be the combination of the two. v Why Do People Like to Buy Lotteries? v Nowadays, there exist all kinds of lotteries in our society, such as welfare lottery, sports lottery, computer lottery, and so forth. Anyone, whether men or women, the young or the old,

53、 may buy lottery tickets. But why do so many people like buying them? v The following reasons can account for the popularity of lotteries. First of all, most people are trying their luck on lottery tickets. They have a long-cherished dream of making big money overnight. In addition, there are some p

54、eople who want to make donation to public welfare by buying lottery tickets. Besides, some people buy them just for fun. v As far as I am concerned, there are some risks in buying lotteries. People never should count on making big money by buying lotteries. Furthermore, lotteries to some extent are

55、similar to gambling, so people should not spend too much money and energy on them. In a word, people should keep a clear head when buying lotteries. v Turn off Your Cell Phone v With the development of information technology and reduced price of communication products, the mobile phone has become a