高炉配料计算

1、钢铁冶金学I(炼铁)大计算学 院： 高等工程师学院 指导教师： 刘征建 专业班级： 冶金E111 姓名： 杨泽荣 学号： 2014年5月1日设计高炉计算物料平衡计算（1） 原料消耗量计算配料计算Fe平衡方程Fe生=94.561*10=945.61kgFe焦=474.21*（0.0102*55.85/71.85）=3.760kgFe煤=68*0.0096*55.85/71.85=0.507kgFe渣=945.61*0.0015/0.9985=1.421kgFe碎=20*0.85=17.000kgFe尘=16.6*0.3820=6.341kgP*Fe%=945.61+1.421+6.341-0.5

2、07-3.760-17.000=932.105kg设配烧结矿x，澳矿y（P、Fe平衡联立）0.52427x+0.64983y=932.105（1）474.21*0.0005*62/142+68*0.0006*62/142+0.00157x+0.00070y=2.85+16.6*0.00109（2）解得：x=1754.176kg y=19.148kg碱度平衡方程CaO矿=1754.18*0.1178=206.642kgCaO焦=474.21*0.0085=4.031kgCaO煤=68.0*0.0083=0.564kgCaO尘=16.6*0.0811=1.346kgCaO矿+CaO焦+CaO煤-C

3、aO尘=209.891kgSiO2矿=1754.18*0.0929+19.15*0.0247=163.436kgSiO2焦=474.21*0.06=28.453kgSiO2煤=68*0.0551=3.747kgSiO2碎=20*0.1=2.000kgSiO2尘=16.6*0.0987=1.638kgSiSiO2生=0.52*60/28*10=11.143kgSiO2矿+SiO2焦+SiO2煤+SiO2碎-SiO2尘-SiO2生=184.855kgQ=（184.855*1.13-209.891）/（0.5530-0.0103*1.13）=-1.86不加熔剂，重新计算矿石消耗量1.13*（x*0.

4、0929+y*0.0247+28.453+3.747+2.000-1.638-11.143）=x*0.1178+4.031+0.564-1.346（3）联立（1）（3）式，解得x=1725.74kg y=42.09kg名称Kg/t铁%烧结矿1725.7497.61911澳矿42.092.混合矿1767.83100熔剂（石灰石）0（2） 渣量和渣成分计算FeO渣=94.561*10*71.85/55.85*0.0015/0.9985=1.828kgCaO渣=1725.74*0.1178+4.031+0.564-1.346=206.541kgMnO渣=0.14*10*71/55*0.3/0.7=0

5、.775kgSiO2渣= 1725.74*0.0929+42.09*0.0247+28.453+3.747+2.000-1.638-11.143= 182.780kgAl2O3渣=1725.74*0.0283+42.09*0.0152+474.21*0.0447+68.0*0.0443+20*0.01-16.6*0.0262=73.453kgMgO渣=1725.74*0.0236+42.09*0.0028+474.21*0.0023+68*0.0026-16.6*0.0330=41.565kgS/2渣=0.5*（0.95*（1725.74*0.00051+42.09*0.00016+474.2

6、1*0.0074+68*0.0035）-0.022*10-16.6*0.0039）=2.059kg组分CaOSiO2MgOAl2O3MnOFeOS/2Rkg/t206.54182.7841.5773.450.781.832.06509.00%40.5835.918.1714.430.150.360.40100（3） 生铁成分核算Mn=0.001*（1725.74*0.00116+42.09*0.00082-16.6*0.00093-0.775*55/71）=0.142%P=0.001*(1725.74*0.00157+42.09*0.00070-16.6*0.00109+474.21*0.00

7、04*62/142+68*0.0006*62/142)= 0.282%C=100-94.561-0.52-0.142-0.282-0.022=4.473组分FeSiMnPSC%94.5610.520.1420.2820.0224.473100（4） 风量计算C平衡a) 计算风口前燃烧碳量C矿=0C熔=0C碎=20.0*0.04=0.8kgC焦=474.21*0.8513=403.695kgC煤=68.0*0.8194=55.719kgC尘=16.6*0.20156=3.346kgCdFe=12/55.85*(10*94.561-20*0.94561)*0.45=89.600kgCdsi,Mn,

8、P,S=24/28*10*0.52+12/55*10*0.14+60/62*10*0.282+12/32*509.00*0.008=9.019kgCC=10*4.473=44.730kgCH2O化=0.3*12/18*42.09*0.0224=0.189kgC风口=0.8+403.695+55.719-3.346-89.600-9.019-44.73-0.189=313.291kgb) 计算风量鼓风中O2的浓度=（1-0.0175）*0.21+0.5*0.0175=0.215燃烧C风口需O2量=22.4/24*313.291=292.405 Nm3/t其中，喷吹物可供O2=68*（0.0081

9、*22.4/32+0.0180*22.4/36）=1.147则V风=（292.405-1.147）/0.215=1354.688鼓风比重=32/22.4*（1-0.0175）*0.21+28/22.4*（1-0.0175）*（1-0.21）+18/22.4*0.0175=1.279kg/ Nm3鼓风重量=1354.688*1.279=1732.65kg/t风中水分=0.0175*1354.688=23.70704Nm3/t干风体积=（1-0.0175）*1354.777=1330.981干风重量=1330.981*（32/22.4*0.21+28/22.4*（1-0.21）=1713.638

10、kg/t（5） 炉顶煤气量及成分计算H2：入炉总H2=0.0175*1354.777+11.2*474.21*（0.0051+4/16*0.0051）+11.2*68*（0.0217+2/18*0.0180）+0.3*22.4/18*42.09*0.0224=75.969 Nm3H2还=0.4*75.969=30.388 Nm3VH2=0.6*75.969=45.581 CO2：a:22.4/159.7*(1725.74*0.5747+42.09*0.9241-16.6*0.46063)+22.4/87*(42.09*0.0013)= 143.5076b:22.4/55.85*(1-0.45-

11、0.)*(10*94.561-20*0.85)= 174.455rh2=55.85/22.4*30.388/(10*94.561-20*0.85)= 0.082c:22.4/44*(42.09*0.0033-16.6*0.0162)= -0.06619Vco2=317.896CO:A:22.4/12*313.311=584.8472B:22.4/12*(89.600+9.019+0.189)= 184.4416C: 174.455+143.5076=317.9626Vco=451.3262N2:A: 1354.777*(1-0.0175)*(1-0.21)= 1051.544B:22.4/28

12、*(474.21*0.0050+68*0.0088)= 2.37556Vn2=1053.92H2O:A:18/22.4*30.388=24.41893B:0.7*42.09*0.0224=0.H2O=22.4/18*(24.41893+0.)= 31.2093干煤气比重=44/22.4*0.1701+28/22.4*（0.2415+0.564）+2/22.4*0.0244=1.kg/Nm3干煤气重量=1868.723*1.=2510.066Kg/t成分Nm3/t%kg/tCO451.326224.15%564.1578CO2317.89617.01%624.4386H245.5812.44%4

13、.N21053.9256.40%1317.41868.723100.00%2510.066煤气含水31.209325.0789两次迭代成分Nm3/t%kg/tCO452.23790.2421565.2974CO2316.984710.1697622.6485H244.669370.02393.N21053.920.56431317.41867.811981.00002509.334煤气含水32.1209325.81146收入项支出项名称kg/t铁名称kg/t铁矿石（混）1767.83生铁1000熔剂0炉渣509废铁20煤气（干）2509.334焦炭（干）474.21煤气中水分25.81146喷

14、吹物（煤粉）68炉尘16.6鼓风1732.76总计4062.8总计4060.745绝对误差2.05454相对误差0.051%nco和nH2计算、核算直接还原度（1） nco和nH2计算nco=41.21nH2=41.20%nH2/ nco=1（2） 核算直接还原度rdRd=1-rico-riH2=1-ri= 41.21%/（1- 41.21%）=0.Ri=(55.85/(945.61-20)*( 412.0835/12)*(16.97%+0.*2.39%)/(16.97%+24.21%)-(16.6*0.+1725.74*0.5747+49.02*0.9241)/159.7-42.09*0.0

15、013)=0.55C气化=565.2974*12/28+622.6485*12/44= 412.0835kgRd=0.45 与预选定的rd一致热平衡计算（1） 热收入项风口前碳燃烧放出的热量：qc=9800*313.291=3.GJ直接还原C氧化成CO qcd=9800*(89.600+9.019)=0.966间接还原CO：qico=(143.5076+173.5433)*12650=4.010间接还原H2：qiH2=10800*32.12093=0.热风带入物理热：q=1354.688*（1.*1056-10800*0.0175）=1.C风=0.21*（1-0.0175）*1.486+0.7

16、9*（1-0.0175）*1.418+0.0175*1.727=1.成渣热：1130*42.09*0.0028=133.1728*10-6炉料带入的物理热：0q入=10.13544（2） 热支出项铁氧化物分解耗热：=6.Fesi=329*55.85/71.85*(474.21*0.0102+68*0.0096+0.2*(1725.74*0.1562+49.02*0.0043)=0.Fe2o3=2370*111.7/159.7*(1725.74*0.5747+42.09*0.9241) =1.Feo=4990*945.61=4.硅：=31360*0.52*10=0.锰：=7015*0.142*1

17、0=0.磷：=36000*0.282*10=0.总=6.脱硫：8300*509*0.008=0.直还：=2890*0.45*（10*94.561-20+22960*10*0.52+4877*10*0.142+26520*10*0.282）=1.碳酸盐分解=（4040+0.5*3770）*49.02*0.0033=0.喷吹燃料分解=68*（1005+（331+13440）*0.018）=0.熔渣带走热焓=509*1780=0.铁水带走热焓=1000*1240=1.炉顶煤气带走热焓=1867.81198*1.*209+32.12093*1.519*209=0.水分蒸发：2450*（49.02*0.

18、028+474.21*0.042）+1.244*（49.02*0.028+474.21*0.042）*1.519*209=0.C煤气=1.301*0.0239+1.786*0.1697+1.311*（0.5643+0.2421）=1.高炉煤气热值=1868.723*（12650*0.2421+10800*0.0239）未燃烧碳热值=33390*（10*4.473+16.6*0.20156）冷却带走热=0.项目GJ/t%热收入项：风口前碳燃烧放出的热量3.30.12%直接还原中C氧化成CO放出的热量0.9669.48%间接还原中CO氧化成CO2放出的热量4.0139.34%间接还原中H2氧化成H

19、2O放出的热量0.3.40%热风带入的热量1.17.66%总热收入10.19345100.00%热支出项：氧化物分解耗热6.65.89%脱硫耗热0.0.33%碳酸盐分解耗热0.0.01%炉渣的焓0.906028.89%铁水的焓1.2412.16%煤气的焓0.553355.43%炉料水分蒸发耗热0.0.59%冷却水0.6.69%总热支出10.19345100.00%有效热能利用系数：Q有=10.19345-（0.55335+0.+0.）=8.=8./10.19345=87.29%碳素热能利用系数：=0.2932*0.07068*41.21%=0.区域热平衡热收入项：风口前碳素=3.热风带入=1.中温区=1.+0.Q焦=（474.21-16.6