英美概论试卷

1、A卷I.Multiple Choice. (1.5%x20=30%)1. Which of the following is the land area of Britain? B A. 9,600,000sq km B. 242,000 sq km C. 9,529,063 sq km D. 9,976,000 sq km2. Which of the following is not the capital city? B A.London B.Glasgow C.Cardiff D.Belfast3.Which invasion laid the foundation for Engli

2、sh nation to be formed? B A.Romans B. Anglo-Saxons C. Danes D. Normans4. General election in the UK is held every_C_ years. A.2 B.3 C. 5. D.65.Who wrote Pygmalion皮格马利翁（even better known today in its form as the musical My Fair Lady)? A A. George Bernard Shaw B. Christopher Marlowe C. William Shakesp

3、eare6.Boston is situated in Boston Bay, _B_. A. Maine B. Massachusetts C. Connecticut7.The _B_ were the original inhabitants in America. A. blacks B. Indians C. Puerto Ricans8.The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _D_. A. Maryland B. South Carolina C. Delaware D. Colorado

4、9.The First Continental Congress was held in _A_ in September, 1774. A. Philadelphia B. Boston C. New YorkThe American War of Independence started in _B_ and ended in _. A. 1776, 1784 B. 1775, 1783 C. 1706, 171410. The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to revise _A_. A. The Articles of the

5、Confederation B. Bill of Rights C. Civil Rights11.The first ten amendments, known as _A_, were added to the Constitution in 1791. A. the Bill of Rights B. the Articles C. Civil Rights12.The pamphlet “Common Sense” was written by _B_. A. Thomas Edison B. Thomas Paine C. Thomas Jefferson13.The greates

6、t contribution made by President Thomas Jefferson was his _C_. A. abolishing the Sedition Act B. reducing taxes C. purchasing Louisiana from France14.The Second Anti-English War broke out in _A_ and ended in _. The U.S. won the war. A. 1812, 1814 B. 1813, 1815 C. 1814, 181615.American Judicial Branc

7、h is headed by _A_. A. the Supreme Court B. Congress C. President16. Who promised a new deal to get America out of depression. B A. Theodore B. Franklin D. Roosevelt C. Woodrow Wilson D. Herbert Hoover17. Martin Luther King, Jr., a young black clergyman, became a national leader of the _B_ Movement.

8、 A. Boycott B. Civil Rights C. Segregation（种族隔离） D. Integration（综合）18. Of all the symbols, _D_ , which are considered to represent fertility and new life: are those most frequently associated with Easter. A. the pumpkin and the turkey B. the lamb and the beef C. the spring peas and the potatoes D. t

9、he egg and the rabbit19. William, Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle of Hastings in _B_. A.1086B. 1066 C.1035D.138120.The law, which joined England and Scotland in 1707, was _B_. A. the Act of Supremacy B.the Act of Union C.the Reform. ActD.the Magna CartaB卷1. Which of the

10、 following is the land area of Britain? B A. 9,600,000sq km B. 242,000 sq km C. 9,529,063 sq km D. 9,976,000 sq km5. Which of the following is not the capital city? B A.London B.Glasgow C.Cardiff D.Belfast3.Which invasion laid the foundation for English nation to be formed? B A.Romans B. Anglo-Saxon

11、s C. Danes D. Normans4. General election in the UK is held every_C_ years. A.2 B.3 C. 5. D.65.Who wrote Pygmalion皮格马利翁（even better known today in its form as the musical My Fair Lady)? A A. George Bernard Shaw B. Christopher Marlowe C. William Shakespeare6.Boston is situated in Boston Bay, _B_. A. M

12、aine B. Massachusetts C. Connecticut7.The _B_ were the original inhabitants in America. A. blacks B. Indians C. Puerto Ricans8.The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _D_. A. Maryland B. South Carolina C. Delaware D. Colorado9.The First Continental Congress was held in _A_

13、in September, 1774. A. Philadelphia B. Boston C. New YorkThe American War of Independence started in _B_ and ended in _. A. 1776, 1784 B. 1775, 1783 C. 1706, 171410. The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to revise _A_. A. The Articles of the Confederation B. Bill of Rights C. Civil Rights11

14、.The first ten amendments, known as _A_, were added to the Constitution in 1791. A. the Bill of Rights B. the Articles C. Civil Rights12.The pamphlet “Common Sense” was written by _B_. A. Thomas Edison B. Thomas Paine C. Thomas Jefferson13.The greatest contribution made by President Thomas Jefferson

15、 was his _C_. A. abolishing the Sedition Act B. reducing taxes C. purchasing Louisiana from France14.The Second Anti-English War broke out in _A_ and ended in _. The U.S. won the war. A. 1812, 1814 B. 1813, 1815 C. 1814, 181615.American Judicial Branch is headed by _A_. A. the Supreme Court B. Congr

16、ess C. President16.The political system of the US is based on the following except _B_. A. federalism B. the constitutional monarchy C. the separation of powers D. respect for the constitution E. the rule of law17. If the president wants to put a treaty into effect, he has to get the approval by two

17、 thirds of the _A_. A. Senate B. Cabinet C. Congress18. The first known settlers of Britain were _B_. A. the Jutes B. the Celts C. the Saxons D. the Iberians19. The United States went to war with _A_ in 1812, the last war fought between these two countries. A. Britain B. France C. Spain D. Mexico20.

18、 In 1932, in the depth of the depression, the American people chose _ as their next president who promised a new deal to get America out of depression. BA. Theodore B. Franklin D. Roosevelt C. Woodrow Wilson D. Herbert HooverII. Explain the following items. (5%x6=30%) 1. The Tudors The Tudors were a

19、 Welsh-English family that ruled England and Wales from 1485 to 1603 - one of the most exciting periods of British history. They ruled for 118 years.Henry VII 1485 - 1509Henry VIII 1509 - 1547Edward VI 1547 - 1553Jane Grey 1553 - 1553Mary I 1553 - 1558Elizabeth I 1558 - 1603 Tudor England had two of

20、 the strongest monarchs ever to sit on the English throne: Henry VIII and his daughter Elizabeth I. 2. War of RosesIn the late 1400s the House of York fought the House of Lancaster for the English crown. Because Lancasters heraldic badge was a red rose and Yorks was a white rose, the long conflict c

21、ame to be known as the Wars of the Roses (1455 - 85). The wars started when the nobles of York rose against Henry VI of Lancaster who was a feeble ruler. Henry Tudor married into the House of York. This personal union ended the conflict, and a new famous dynasty, the Tudors, emerged. 3.First Footing

22、Its a tradition in Scotland that if a tall, dark man is the first person to set foot in your house on New Years Day, you will have luck for the entire year. As a result, a tall, dark man, named the first footer, is welcomed and given food and drink as he travels from house to house. In return, he gi

23、ves a piece of coal to each house hold as a sign of good luck for the coming year.4. New EnglandNew England is a region in the northeastern corner of the United States, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, Canada and the state of New York, consisting of the modern U.S. states of Maine, New Hampshire, Ver

24、mont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut5. Boston Tea PartyThe Boston Tea Party was an action by colonists in Boston, a town in the British colony of Massachusetts, against the British government. On December 16, 1773, after officials in Boston refused to return three shiploads of taxed te

25、a to Britain, a group of colonists boarded the ships and destroyed the tea by throwing it into Boston Harbor. The incident remains an iconic event of American history, and reference is often made to it in other political protests.6. American congressIt is known as the legislative branch, the law-mak

26、ing body. It is composed of two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate is composed of 100 senators. The senatorial term is 6 years. The House of Representatives is composed of 435 Congressmen( Representatives), the office term is 2 years.B卷1. Hadrians WallIT was a Roman fr

27、ontier built in the years AD 122-30 by order of the Emperor Hadrian . It is also One of the greatest monuments to the power and limitations of the Roman Empire in Britain.3. Victorian era The Victorian era of the United Kingdom was the period of Queen Victorias reign from 1837 until her death in 190

28、1. The reign was a long period of prosperity for the British people, as profits gained from the overseas British Empire, as well as from industrial improvements at home, allowed an educated middle class to develop. The era was preceded by the Georgian period and succeeded by the Edwardian period.4.

29、Robert Burns He was a poet and a lyricist. He is widely regarded as the national poet of Scotland, and is celebrated worldwide.5. first thirteen colonies The original thirteen colonies were Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina,

30、South Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and Virginia. 6. American Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution generally refers to the first Industrial Revolution which took place in Europe, especially in England, during the late years of 18th century. But, there was a second Industrial Revolution

31、which took place in America and Germany. Though the Industrial Revolution came to America a bit late, its importance in the economic development of the country is enormous. The Industrial Revolution brought about some spectacular changes. There was transition from hand-made products to machine-made

32、products. Home-based productions were transformed in to Factory Productions. The innovations of the first Industrial Revolution like water-power/steam-power driven spinning machines and weaving machines helped America attain huge industrial growth. But the second Industrial Revolution was the one wh

33、ich brought revolutionary changes in economy of America. It gave birth to a much more urbanized modern American Society备注1.Guy Fawks Day 2. The Bill of Rights 3.The Renaissance in British literature4.traditional English breakfast 5.The Smithsonian Institution 6.The Mexican WarIII. Answer the followi

34、ng questions.（10%x4=40%）1.Why are the Victorians so famous?During this period Britain managed to build a huge empire. It was also a time of tremendous change in the lives of British people. In 1837 most people lived in villages and worked on the land; by 1901, most lived in towns and worked in offic

35、es, shops and factories. During Queen Victorias reign: Britain became the most powerful and richest country in the world, with the largest empire that had ever existed, ruling a quarter of the worlds population.Towns and cities got piped water, gas and, by the end of the century, electricity2. What

36、are the functions of Monarch in the UK?1) appoint and dismiss cabinet and other ministers on the prime Ministers advice2) be sent copies of Cabinet papers and has a brief meeting with Prime Minister to discuss current issues 3) one of the components of the parliament4) All laws are enacted in the Mo

37、narchs name5) The monarch is the head or commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces(the British Army, the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force) : the Privy Council 6) the Supreme Governor the Church of England 7) the source of all honors and dignities8) Outward duties of State9) Maintain a good relation w

38、ith every Prime Minister3. What are six megalopolis in the US?1)Portland(Maine), Boston(Massachusetts), New York City(New York), Philadelphia (Pennsylvania),Baltimore(Maryland), Washington,D.C.2)Santa Barbara, Los Angeles, Mexican Border3)Houston, San Antonio, Dallas-Fort Worth4) Chicago5)Detroit6)B

39、uffalo(New York),Cleveland (Ohio),Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania)4. What is the contribution of Industrial Revolution to American economy? Though the Industrial Revolution came to America a bit late, its importance in the economic development of the country is enormous. The Industrial Revolution brought a

40、bout some spectacular changes. There was transition from hand-made products to machine-made products. Home-based productions were transformed in to Factory Productions. The innovations of the first Industrial Revolution like water-power/steam-power driven spinning machines(水力纺纱机） and weaving machine

41、s（织布机） helped America attain huge industrial growth. But the second Industrial Revolution was the one which brought revolutionary changes in economy of America. It gave birth to a much more urbanized modern American Society. 1.Why was Henry VIII so famous? Henry VIII was a significant figure in the

42、history of the English monarchy. In the great part of his reign he brutally suppressed the influence of the Protestant Reformation in England. He is more popularly known for his role in the separation of the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church. Henrys struggles with Rome ultimately led to the separation of the Church of Eng