Redhat5及Oracle11g详细安装配置及管理

1、全新安装Redhat Enterprise Linux 5.2及Oracle 11g 详解目录 一、安装Redhat Enterprise Linux 5.22准备虚拟机（如果直接利用DVD及真实机器安装，可跳过此步骤）2开始安装Redhat Enterprise Linux 5.26二、安装Oracle11g29安装Oracle11g前必要配置（root用户实施配置）29进行安装Oracle11g34配置Oracle11g网络监听程序39创建Oracle数据库43启动、停止及开机自动启动Oracle数据库55一、安装Redhat Enterprise Linux 5.2准备虚拟机（如果直接利

2、用DVD及真实机器安装，可跳过此步骤）1 选择New Virtual Machine2 选择Typical3 选择rhel-5.2-server-i386-dvd.iso4 选择Linux 和Redhat Enterprise Linux 55 确定虚拟机名字及存储地址6 确定存储空间大小（20GB）7 确定硬件配置（20 GB 硬盘 及至少1024MB内存），点击Finish进入Redhat Enterprise Linux 5.2 安装开始安装Redhat Enterprise Linux 5.2 1 按 回车（Enter）键，开始安装2 测试会耗时过多，若确认安装盘没有问题，Skip安装

3、盘测试3 进入安装界面，单击Next4 选择安装使用语言，单击Next5 选择键盘类型，单击Next6 跳过输入安装号码，单击确定7 单击跳过8 安装硬盘处理，单击“是”9 安装硬盘处理，单击“是”10 选定网络设备，单击“下一步”11 选定时区，单击“下一步”12 设定root密码，单击“下一步”13 软件安装选择，确定“现在定制”，单击“下一步”14 选定桌面环境15 选定应用程序16 选定开发相关软件17 选定服务器相关应用18 选定基本系统相关软件（1）19 选定基本系统相关软件（2）20 选定基本系统相关软件（3）21 选定基本系统相关软件（4）22 选定基本系统相关软件（5）23

4、选定语言支持24 开始安装，点击下一步25 正在安装（大约10分钟）26 安装完成，点击重新引导（重启）27 重启界面28 重启欢迎界面29 重启-许可协议30 重启-防火墙设置（1）31 重启-防火墙设置-添加允许访问端口（Tomcat）32 重启-防火墙设置-添加允许访问端口（Tomcat）33 重启-防火墙设置-添加允许访问端口（Oracle数据库远程访问）34 重启-禁用SeLinux（1）35 重启-禁用SeLinux（2）36 重启-禁用或启用Kdump37 重启-设定日期和时间38 重启-软件更新（1）39 重启-软件更新（2）40 重启-软件更新（3）41 重启-创建用户42

5、重启-测试声卡43 重启-附加光盘（若没有其它安装光盘，点击完成）44 重启-再次重启系统45 完成安装后的Redhat Enterprise Linux 5.2登陆界面46 利用top查看内存及swap配置（swap至少为2G）二、安装Oracle11g安装Oracle11g前必要配置（root用户实施配置）1 配置Yum软件包管理工具(1)创建备份cp /etc/yum.conf /etc/yum.conf.bakcp /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak(2)删除原文件r

6、m -rf /etc/yum.conf /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo(3) 在/etc/yum.conf中，输入以下内容删除原文件vi /etc/yum.confmaincachedir=/var/cache/yumkeepcache=1debuglevel=2logfile=/var/log/yum.logpkgpolicy=newestdistroverpkg=redhat-releasetolerant=1exactarch=1obsoletes=1gpgcheck=1plugins=1metadata_expire=1800# PUT YOU

7、R REPOS HERE OR IN separate files named file.repo# in /etc/yum.repos.dbasename=centos-5 - Basebaseurl=/centos/5/os/i386/# the other site: /centos/5/os/i386/# you can find more site in: /modules/tinycontent/index.php?id=13en

8、abled=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=/centos/5/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5#released updatesupdatename=CentOS-5 - Updatesbaseurl=/centos/5/updates/i386/gpgcheck=1gpgkey=/centos/5/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5#packages used/produced in the buil

9、d but not releasedaddonsname=CentOS-5 - Addonsbaseurl=/centos/5/addons/$basearch/gpgcheck=1gpgkey=/centos/5/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5#additional packages that may be usefulextrasname=CentOS-5 - Extrasbaseurl=/centos/5/extras/$b

10、asearch/gpgcheck=1gpgkey=/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packagescentosplusname=CentOS-5 - Plusbaseurl=/centos/5/centosplus/$basearch/gpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=/centos/5/os/i38

11、6/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5#contrib - packages by Centos Userscontribname=CentOS-5 - Contribbaseurl=/centos/5/contrib/$basearch/gpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=/centos/5/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5#packages in testingtestingname=CentOS-5 - Testingbaseurl=http:/mi

12、/centos/5/testing/$basearch/gpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=/centos/5/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5(4)测试rootlocalhost # yum install sqlite-devel.i386Loading rhnplugin pluginLoading security pluginThis system is not registered with RHN.RHN support will be disabled.Sett

13、ing up Install ProcessParsing package install argumentsResolving Dependencies- Running transaction check- Package sqlite-devel.i386 0:3.3.6-5 set to be updated- Processing Dependency: sqlite = 3.3.6-5 for package: sqlite-devel- Running transaction check- Package sqlite.i386 0:3.3.6-5 set to be updat

14、ed- Finished Dependency Resolution(5)说明系统仍然会提示”This system is not registered with RHN.” “RHN support will be disabled.”但是已经可以正常安装了。注：这个是中科大的源，号称每隔一小时更新。2 配置/etc/hosts (此处IP地址可以根据具体情况进行适当改变)vi/etc/hosts36oracleoracle.localdomainoracleoraclelocalhost.localdomainlocalhost3 确认安装必需的

15、软件包，若没安装，利用yum安装rpm -q compat-libstdc+-33 elfutils-libelf-devel glibc-devel-2.5 gcc gcc-c+rpm -q libaio-devel libstdc+-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel sysstat binutils rpm -q elfutils-libelf glibc glibc-common libaio libgcc libstdc+ makerootlocalhost # rpm -q compat-libstdc+-33 elfutils-libelf-devel g

16、libc-devel-2.5 gcc gcc-c+compat-libstdc+-33-3.2.3-61elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125-3.el5glibc-devel-2.5-24gcc-4.1.2-42.el5gcc-c+-4.1.2-42.el5rootlocalhost # rpm -q libaio-devel libstdc+-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel sysstat binutilspackage libaio-devel is not installedlibstdc+-devel-4.1.2-42.el5package

17、 unixODBC is not installedpackage unixODBC-devel is not installedsysstat-7.0.2-1.el5binutils-.6-6.el5rootlocalhost # rpm -q elfutils-libelf glibc glibc-common libaio libgcc libstdc+ makeelfutils-libelf-0.125-3.el5glibc-2.5-24glibc-common-2.5-24libaio-0.3.106-3.2libgcc-4.1.2-42.el5libstdc+-4

18、.1.2-42.el5make-3.81-3.el5rootlocalhost # yum -y install libaio-develyum -y install unixODBCyum -y install unixODBC-devel4 创建必要的用户及用户组/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall/usr/sbin/groupadd dba/usr/sbin/useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oraclepasswd oracle rootlocalhost # passwd oracleChanging password for user o

19、racle.New UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.mkdir -p /u01/app/oraclechown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/appchmod -R 775 /u01/app5 更改系统的核心参数rootlocalhost # cat /etc/sysctl.conf kernel.shmmni=4096 kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max=65536 ne

20、t.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default= net.core.wmem_default= net.core.rmem_max= net.core.wmem_max= EOFrootlocalhost # rootlocalhost # /sbin/sysctl -pnet.ipv4.ip_forward = 0net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0kernel.sysrq = 0kernel.co

21、re_uses_pid = 1net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1kernel.msgmnb = 65536kernel.msgmax = 65536kernel.shmmax = kernel.shmall = kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128fs.file-max = 65536net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000net.core.rmem_default = net.core.wmem_default = net.core.rmem_max = net.co

22、re.wmem_max = rootlocalhost # 6 设置文件及进程数限制rootlocalhost # cat /etc/security/limits.conf oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 EOFrootlocalhost # session required /lib/security/pam_limits.sorootlocalhost # cat /etc/pam.d/login session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so EOFrootlocalhost #7 更改bash、ksh及cshell的默认profile内容rootlocalhost # cat /etc/profile if $USER = oracle ; then if $SHELL = /bin/ksh ; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimi