第三单元 词性

1、Unit3Underthesea,一、词汇拓展,1.accommodationn.住所住宿膳宿,_v.留宿提供住宿_n.调解者调解人_adj.乐于助人的_搭配给某人提供方便,accommodatesb.(with)sth.,accommodate,accommodator,accommodating,2.depthn.深度_adj.深的深奥的，adv._adv.深深地_v.加深,deepen,deep,deeply,_adj.急迫的_n.敦促；催促，急迫性_搭配催促/力劝某人做某事_句型催促/力劝某人做某事,3.urgevt.催促；极力主张；驱策,urgethatsb.(should)dost

2、h.,urgent,urgency,urgesb.todosth.,4.abandonvt.遗弃，放弃，抛弃_adj.被抛弃的,自暴自弃的_n.放弃抛弃_同义v.抛弃离弃遗弃,abandoned,abandonment,desert,5.awareadj.意识到的；知道的_n.知道，晓得_adj.不知道的，不注意的_搭配知道，意识到,be/becomeawareof.,awareness,unaware,6.sharpadj.锐利的，锋利的_v.使尖锐，磨快，加剧7.tastev.尝起来_adj.美味地opp._无味的8._adj.关系；血缘关系；交往_n.关系；关联；_v.与有关9._adj

3、.比较上的；相对的_n.保护；保存_v.保存；保护_adj.保守的；保守主义的10._vt.思考；映射；反射;vi.思考_n.反射；回响_adj.反射的；反省的,sharpen,relationship,relation,relative,conservation,conserve,conservative,reflect,reflection,reflective,tasty,tasteless,relate,二、词组互译,1.在此期间，与此同时_2.分类，整理_3.在前_4.亲眼看到_5.大声叫喊_,inthemeantime=meanwhile,sortout,aheadof.,witn

4、ess.withonesowneyes,yellout,6.逃离到某个地方项_7.一群_8.hearof_9.beawareof_10.inthedistance_11.beterrifiedof_,fleeouttosomewhere,apackof,听说,意识到，明白,在远处,害怕,12.holdup_13.bescaredtodeath_14.helpsb.out_15.reflecton_16.upsidedown_,上下翻转倒挂,高高举起,被吓得半死,帮助某人摆脱困境或危难,思考,四、词组运用,1.去年国庆节，我在火车站亲眼目睹了感人场面。(witnesssth.withonesow

5、neyes)2.当时，一名妇女正在整理她的行李。(sortout),1.OnNationalDaylastyear，attherailwaystation，Iwitnessedamovingscenewithmyowneyes.,2.Atthattime，awomanwassortingoutherluggage.,3.突然，一个高个子男人跑到她前面。(aheadof)4.这个男人扯下妇女的手提包，快速地逃离到了另一个地方。(fleeoutto),3.Suddenly，atallmanranaheadofher.,4.Themantoreoffherhandbagandfledouttoano

6、therplace.,5.妇女吓得半死。(bescaredtodeath)6.过了很长时间她才意识到发生了什么。(ittooksb.sometimetodosth.，beawareof),5.Thewomanwasscaredtodeath.,6.Ittookthewomanalongtimetobeawareofwhathappened.,7.妇女周围的人因为害怕受连累，没有过去帮忙。(beterrifiedof),7.Thepeoplearoundthewomanwereterrifiedofgettingintotroubleandtheydidntgiveahand.,8.这时，在远处

7、我看到一个矮个子男子正与抢包男人在搏斗；周围的人一起帮忙抓住了抢包男人。(inthedistance，seesb.doingsth.),8.Inthedistance，Isawashortmanfightingwiththemanandtheotherpeoplehelpedtocatchthetallmantogether.,9.由此，我懂得了，在别人危难之时援救非常重要。(itis+adj.+todosth.，helpsb.out),9.AtthattimeIrealizedthatitwasveryimportanttohelpothersoutwhentheywereinneed.,参

8、考范文(Onepossibleversion)：IwitnessedamovingscenewithmyowneyesattherailwaystationonNationalDaylastyear.Atthattime，awomanwassortingoutherluggagewhenatallmansuddenlyranaheadofherandtoreoffherhandbag，fleeingouttoanotherplace.,Thewomanwasscaredtodeathsoittookheralongtimetobeawareofwhathappened.Unfortunatel

9、y，thepeoplearoundherdidntgiveherahandbecausetheywereterrifiedofgettingintotrouble.,Tomycomfort，inthedistanceIsawashortmanfightingwiththetallmanwhowasfinallycaughtwiththehelpoftheotherpeople，whichmademerealizethatitisveryimportanttohelpothersoutwhentheyareinneed.,五、课文填空,Iwas16whenIbeganworkingatthewh

10、alingstation.Iwastoldthestory1_everyyearthekillershelpedwhalerscatchhugewhales.AfterIworkedthere，Iwitnesseditwith2_owneyesmanytimes.Oneafternoon，asIwassortingoutmyaccommodation，Iheardaloudnoisecoming3_thebay.,that,my,from,ThenIexperiencedhowthekillers，especiallyOldTom，helpedthewhalersleadthewaytocat

11、chawhale.Tobeginwith，Isaw4_whalebeingattackedbyOldTomandsixotherkillers，whowerestoppingthewhalefleeingouttothesea.,a,Thenthewhalersaimedtheharpoon5_thewhale，thenletitgoandtheharpoonhitthespot.Later，thewhalesbody6_(drag)swiftlybythekillersdownintothe7_(deep)oftheseaafteritdied.,at,dragged,was,depths,

12、8_thekillerswerefiercehunters，theyneverharmedorattackedpeople.Onthecontrary，theyprotectedpeople.Forexample，oneday，theseawasroughand9_wasdifficulttohandletheboat.ThewaveswerecarryingJamesfurtherawayfromus.Jameswasterrifiedof10_(abandon)byus.JustthenasharkappearedanditwasOldTomthatsavedJames.,beingaba

13、ndoned,Although,it,六、语法专练,1._(fire)byherbosswasashametoher.2.Istillremember_(take)tomyhometownwhenIwasyoung.,beingtaken,Beingfired,3.Whileshopping，womenalwayscanthelp_(persuade)intobuyingsomethingthattheydontreallyneed.4.Themanagerssuggestionisworth_(consider).,beingpersuaded,considering,5.Theboydid

14、ntpassthefinalexamandhewasworriedabout_(punish)byhisfather，sohecamebackhomelate.6.Thebuilding_(build)isournewofficebuilding.,beingpunished,beingbuilt,7.Thisisoneoftheexperiences_(make)nowinourschoollaboratory.8._(convince)guilty，themanwasarrestedbythepolice.,beingmade,Havingbeenconvinced,9.Yesterday

15、，Isawawoman_(rob)ofwalletbyaman.10.Marywasveryunhappyfor_(notinvite)totheparty.,nothavingbeeninvited,beingrobbed,掌握重要考点,核心单词,1.witnessvt.当场见到(某事发生)，目击n.目击者；证人(=eyewitness),谚语：Thereisawitnesseverywhere.若要人不知，除非己莫为。,witnessto(doing)sth.作证，证实awitnesstosth.是的目击证人/见证人,运用：根据汉语意思完成英文句子。许多人看到这场车祸。Manypeople

16、_.他作证曾看到被告杀了那男孩。Hewitnessedto_(have)seentheaccusedkilltheboy.,witnessedthecaraccident,having,他所做的证实了他的能力。Whathehasdonewitnesses_hisability.他是这次事故的目击者。Hewasawitness_theaccident.,to,to,2.fleevt.逃离vi.逃跑；迅速离开(from),fleeto+某地逃到去，逃往flee(from)+某地从逃出来，逃离,运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。他与家人争吵后离家去了伦敦。He_afteranargumentwithh

17、isfamily.他杀死仇敌后逃离祖国。Hekilledhisenemyand_.,fled(from)thecountry,fledtoLondon,3.conservationn.保存；保护派生：conservevt.保存；保护conservativeadj.保守的,翻译：面对水危机，我们应当重视节约用水。Infaceofthewatercrisis，weshouldpaymuchattentionto_.,conservingwater/waterconservation,4.targetn.目标；靶；受批评的对象vt.把作为攻击目标/批评对象,set(sb.)atargetfor(给某

18、人)设定的目标Thedarkesthourisnearestthedawn.黎明前的黑暗。,运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。我国已制定了一个降低二氧化碳排放的目标。Ourcountry_reducingtheemissionofcarbondioxide.他的建议成了批评的目标。Hisproposalbecame_criticism.,thetargetof,hassetatargetfor,这是一本以单身汉为读者群的新杂志。Thisisanewmagazine_singlemen.,targeting/thattargets,5.reflectvt.反射，反映;vi.思考(on)reflec

19、ton/uponsth.考虑；反思(thinkcarefullyabout)运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。她忧愁的面容反映出她内心的思想。Hersadlooks_passingthroughhermind.,reflectsthethought,他考虑这个问题几个月了。He_thisissueforseveralmonths.,hasreflectedon,6.scarevt.恐吓害怕;vi.受惊吓,(be)scaredtodeath吓死bescaredof害怕bescaredtodo害怕做scare.away/off把吓走,运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。他们设法把熊吓走了。Theyman

20、agedto_.人们害怕深夜乘坐公共汽车。People_thebuseslateatnight.,scarethebearaway,arescaredtotake/arescaredoftaking,一提到惊悚电影，我就害怕得要死。Atthemerementionofthrillers，I_.,amscaredtodeath,重要词组,1.help(sb.)out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事helponeselftosth.随便吃点什么canthelpdoingsth.情不自禁/忍不住做某事canthelp(to)dosth.无法帮忙做某事canthe

21、lpbutdosth.不得不,运用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。Hisparentshelpedhim_whenhelosthisjob.Letmehelpyou_theheavybags.Hecouldnthelp_(look)upwhenaprettyladywentby.,out,with,looking,Imtoobusy.Icouldnthelp_(look)upusefulinformation.Katecaughtabadcold；soshecouldnthelpbut_(ask)forleave.,ask,(to)look,2.upsidedownadv倒置地，颠倒

22、地upside-downadj.乱七八糟的，颠倒的运用：根据汉语意思完成英语句子。你把那图片给弄颠倒了。Youhavegotthatpicture_.,upsidedown,办公室在装修，因此所有东西都乱七八糟。Theofficeisbeingdecorated,soeverythingis_.,upside-down,佳句诵写,1.原句：Werandowntotheshoreintimetoseeanenormousanimaloppositeusthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain.我们及时赶到岸边，看到在我们对面一个庞大的

23、动物猛力跃出水面，然后又坠落到水里。(L14，P20),句型：seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在干某事。说明：感官动词see，watch，notice，discover，observe，hear，smell等可跟动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，动词ing与宾语构成主动关系，强调动作正在进行。,仿写：根据中文意思，完成英语句子。Inthedistance，Icouldseeapackofwolves_(attack)atiger.Canyou_(听见有人正在弹钢琴)nextdoor？,attacking,hearsomeoneplayingthepiano,WhenIcamebackhom

24、e，I_(闻到有东西正在燃烧的味道)inthekitchen.,smelledsomethingburning,2.原句：Beingbadlywounded，thewhalesoondied.鲸因为受了重伤，没过多久就死了。(L17，P20)句型：being+done，sb./sth.(作原因、时间等状语),仿写：根据中文意思，完成英语句子。当被问到谁偷了钱时，这个年轻人沉默了。_whostolethemoney，theyoungmankeptsilent.,Beingasked,由于正受到很好的照顾，这些树长得越来越壮。_，thetreesaregrowingbetterandbetter.

25、,Beingtakengoodcareof,约翰被关在监狱许多年后，最近获释。_inprisonformanyyears，Johnhadrecentlybeensetfree.,Havingbeenkept,3.原句：Theseawasroughthatdayanditwasdifficulttohandletheboat.那天风高浪大，很难操作船只。(L39，P21)句型：It+be+adj.(for/ofsb.)+todosth.做某事是的,说明：在此句型中，如前面形容词(adj.)指代事物、事情特征，如：important，easy，difficult，strange，necessary

26、，important等，则后用for；如果为说明人的性格、特征的形容词，如kind，polite，foolish，warmhearted，cruel等，则用of。,仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。掌握一门外语很有必要。_tomasteraforeignlanguage.通过阅读使一个人变得更聪明是可能的。_tobecomesmarterthroughreading.,Itisnecessary,Itispossibleforaperson,作为一名教师，赢得学生的尊重很重要。Asateacher，_.,itisveryimportanttoearnhisstudentsrespect,4.原句：I

27、ttookoverhalfanhourtogettheboatbacktoJames.用了半个多小时才把船划回到詹姆斯身边。(L48，P21)句型：Ittakes/took/willtake(sb.)sometimetodosth.花费/将要花费某人多少时间/金钱做某事,仿写：请将下列句子译成英文。由于下雨，我们花了六个小时才到达目的地。_toreachourdestinationbecauseoftherain.,Ittookussixhours,科学家们将要花费约一年的时间完成这个项目。_tocompletetheproject.李明每天花费半个小时骑自行车上学。_bybikeeveryd

28、ay.,IttakesLiMinghalfanhourtogotoschool,Itwilltakethescientistsaboutoneyear,难句分析,课本原句：Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales，or“killers”astheywerethencalled，helpedthewhalerscatchthebaleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.那个时期，虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徒时捕捉须鲸。(P19),结构分析：这是一个含有三个从句的复合句。when引导的是一个_从句；在从句中，or“k

29、illers”是对whales进一步解释；astheywerethencalled是一个_从句，修饰_；thatwereontheirannualmigration是一个_从句，修饰whales。,定语,定语,定语,killers,轻松走近高考,一、完形填空本文主要阐述潜水员Andy对一条鱼进行训练，结果不仅获得了乐趣，而且获得了可观的经济效益。1.C。formal正式的；normal正常的；ordinary普通的，一般的；unusual不寻常的。2.A。介绍事情的来龙去脉，故用start。,3.B。从下一句的“usedtechnique”可知是“训练”这条鱼。4.B。从空格后表示列举说明的内

30、容likedogsandtigers，可知是动物。5.D。从下文的结局可知这条鱼带来了好处，故选褒义词，表示有趣的（事物）。,6.A。“kits(成套用具)”应该是买来的。最后一段提到Andy训练这条鱼成功后自己制造kits卖给别人，是对此处“买”这种行为的呼应。7.C。fall实物从高处落下；drop水滴滴落；sinkto沉到某处；lag落后。8.D。根据语境，Dodo每次努力靠近球网就得到“报酬，酬劳”。干扰项B.payment意为：付款，报答。,9.A。由本句的likedthetreat及repeat可知是“额外的”款待。10.B。此句的“learnedto：学会了”暗示了句子开头缺表示

31、结果的副词。11.D。固定句型：ittake(s)sb.sometimetodosth.：花费某人多少时间做某事。12.C。lookup查询；pickup捡起，顺便搭载；standup站起来。setup建立（网站，公司，机构等）符合题意。,13.D。此处意为“这么多人问到关于训练鱼的问题”。A和B选项与介词to搭配；D项join为“连接”之意，不符合题意。14.D。由“FishSchool”及“sells”可以推测Andy开了一间带有商业性质的“养鱼培训学校”，最符合词义的是business：公司，企业。15.A。此处指“从训练鱼中赚钱”，并没有提及是“美元”还是“英镑”。,二、语法填空本文讲

32、述了发送和收集信件的由来和变化。31.astonishing。修饰形容词cheap应用其副词形式。32.on。表“出差”用onabusinesstrip。33.her。作宾语，应填宾格代词，表示“她将会在几天后收到信”。,34.a。一块面包，要用aloafofbread。35.arrival。定冠词后面要用名词，表示“信的到来”。36.who/that。引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是receiver收信人，故填who或that。37.From。表示“从什么时候起”用from.on。,38.carrying。因messengers和carry是主动关系，故填carrying。39.that。这个是强调句。40.wasestablished。由句子结构可知，此空是填谓语动词，再细看，theofficial