第三章-点火系统的组成报告.ppt

1、TCCS IGNITION SYSTEM,TCCS 点火系统,点火器,曲轴位置信号,返回信号,点火时刻控制信号,Conventional EFI Ignition System,传统电喷发动机点火系统,增大速度,增大提前,减小真空,减小提前,变磁阻转子,功率晶体三极管,控制,电子燃油喷射电脑,感应线圈,点火器,修整,传统电喷发动机点火系统,点火器,变磁阻转子,感应线圈,功率三极管,控制,修整,增大真空,增大提前,减小真空,减小增大,飞块收紧不影响点火正时,飞块外张点火正时提前,真空点火提前,负载感应,点火提前,进气歧管真空度增大,机械真空提前,理想点火正时,ESA 电子点火提前,VAST 真空

2、点火提前,离心式点火提前,点火提前,转速感应,理想点火正时,ESA 电子点火提前 VAST 真空点火提前,机械真空提前,发动机转速增大,ESA 电子点火提前 VAST 真空点火提前,减小进气量,发动机周期,增大进气歧管真空,发动机速度增大,发动机负荷增大,发动机转速增大,ESA 电子点火提前 VAST 真空点火提前,图表,基本点火提前,TCCS Ignition Spark Management,Electronic Spark Advance （ESA）,TCCS 点火控制,电子点火提前系统,ESA 点火系统,点火器,发动机传感器,点火开关,点火线圈,功率三极管,点火控制线路,到分电器,IG

3、f信号发生器电路,闭合角控制电路,微处理器,IGt信号发生器,电源线,Variable Advance Spark Timing (VAST),可变点火正时,发动机传感器,分电器,功率三极管,IGf信号发生电路,控制电路,详细的内部连接,计算后的正时信号,初始正时信号,波形修整,来自曲轴转角信号,Igniter Operation,When the IGt signal goes high, the primary circuit power transistor TR2 turns on, allowing cur-rent to flow in the coil primary windi

4、ng. When the IGt signal goes low, the igniter interrupts primary circuit current flow, causing voltage induction into the coil secondary winding.,点火器,点火控制电路,闭合角控制电路,IGt信号发生器电路,电源线,微机,功率晶体三极管,到分电器,点火开关,点火线圈,点火器工作过程,当IGt信号变大的时候，初级电路的功率三极管TR2开始工作，电流流过初级线圈。当IGt信号变小的时候，点火器中断了初级电路电流的流动，在次级线圈产生感生电压。,点火开关,点

5、火线圈,点火器,IGf信号发生器电路,断电器控制电路,功率三极管,到分电器,微机,点火控制电路,Spark Confirmation Igf （返回信号）确定点火,Once a spark event takes place, an ignition confirmation signal called IGf is generated by the igniter and sent to the ECU. The IGf signal tells the ECU that a spark event has actually occurred. In the event of an igni

6、tion fault, after approximately eight to eleven IGt signals are sent to the igniter without receiving an IGf confirmation, the ECU will enter a fail-safe mode, shutting down the injectors to prevent potential catalyst overheating. 一旦点火发生了，点火器就会产生一个叫做IGf（返回信号）的点火确定信号并送到电脑。IGf告诉电脑点火信号已有效发生。若在这个过程中点火失效

7、，大约八到十一个IGt（点火时刻控制）信号发送到点火器后而没有接收到IGf信号时，电脑将会进入故障防护模式，关闭喷油器以防止催化剂可能会过热。,ECU Detection Of Crankshaft Angle,ESA System,电脑检测曲轴转角,电控点火提前系统,点火器开关,点火线圈,到分电器,功率三极管,点火控制电路,闭合角控制电路,点火器,超高压保护电路,IGf信号发生电路,发动机传感器,电源电路,微处理器,ECU Detection Of Crankshaft Angle,VAST System,电脑检测曲轴转角,真空点火提前系统,点火器,发动机传感器,分电器,IGf信号控制电路,

8、集成支持电路,Ignition Timing Strategy The ECU determines ignition timing by comparing engine operating parameters with spark advance values stored in its memory. The general formula for ignition timing follows: Initial timing + Basic advance angle + Corrective advance angle = Total spark advance. Basic ad

9、vance angle is computed using signals from crankshaft angle (G1), crankshaft speed (Ne), and engine load (Vs or PIM) sensors. Corrective timing factors include adjustments for coolant temperature (THW) and presence of detonation (KNK).,点火器点火正时方法,电脑通过对发动机运行参数和存储器存储的点火提前量进行比较来确定点火时刻。点火正时的基本公式如下： 初始正时+

10、基本的提前角+修正的提前角=全部的点火提前角 基本的提前角是电脑利用曲轴转角G1的信号，曲轴转速Ne的信号和发动机负荷传感器的信号来计算的。修正正时的因素包括冷却剂温度和爆燃。,Distributor-Less Ignition Igniter System (DLI),Used only on the 7M-GTE engine, DLI, as the name implies, is an electronic spark distribution system which supplies secondary current directly from the ignition coi

11、ls to the spark plugs without the use of a conventional distributor. The DLI system contains the following major components: 1) Cam Position Sensor 2) Igniter 3) Ignition Coils (3),无分电器点火系统（DLI）,仅在7M-GTE发动机上使用的DLI，顾名思义是直接从点火线圈到火花塞提供次级电流而不需传统分电器的无分电器点火系统。DLI系统包含了下面的主要部分： 1）凸轮轴位置传感器 2）点火器 3）点火线圈,Cam P

12、osition Sensor,凸轮轴位置传感器,正时转子,曲轴转角信号感应器,曲柄转速信号感应器,Igniter,点火器,点火时刻返回信号发生电路,功率三极管,驱动电路,闭和角控制电路,电源电路,气缸识别电路,Ignition Coils,点火线圈,点火线圈,火花塞,放电电路,点火器,点火检测电路,汽缸检测电路,线圈,火花塞,分配信号,汽缸,曲柄角,Ignition System Service Troubleshooting the Ignition System No Spark Output,点火系统故障检修,不点火,点火器,分电器,The following procedures as

13、sume that a spark tester reveals no spark at two different cylinders while the engine is cranked. These procedures and specifications are general guidelines. Consult the appropriate repair manual for more specific information about the vehicle you are troubleshooting. Preliminary checks 1) Ensure ba

14、ttery condition prior to ignition system analysis. 2) Check and confirm good connections at distributor, igniter, and coil. 3) Basic secondary leakage checks at coil and coil wire.,当发动机转动时如果点火测试仪发现两个不同气缸不点火需要采用下面的步骤。这些步骤和规范是最基本的指导。请参阅故障车的维修手册以获得更多的信息。 初步的检查 1）在点火系统测试前要确保蓄电池状况良好。 2）检查并确保分电器，点火器和线圈的线路

15、连接完好。 3）对线圈和线圈导线进行基础的露电检查。,Primary circuit checks Confirm power supply to igniter and coil positive (+) terminal. Confirm connections at coil positive and negative (-) terminals. 2) Using a test light or logic probe, check for primary switching at the coil (-) terminal. while cranking engine. Blinki

16、ng light confirms primary switching is taking place; check coil wire, coil secondary winding resistance, or secondary leakage in distributor cap. 3) The power transistor(s) in the igniter get their ground through the igniter case to the vehicle chassis; always confirm good ground continuity prior to

17、 trouble shooting. 4) Confirm coil primary and secondary windings resistance. Confirm primary windings are not grounded.,初级电路的检查 1）先确保电源和点火器以及线圈正极接线柱联好。再进一步确定线圈正负极接线柱的联接。 2）用一个测灯或逻辑探测仪，在线圈负极接线柱进行初级绕组的导通检查。转动发动机时，如果测灯闪烁则证明绕组导通；检查线圈导线，次级绕组的电阻，或分电器盖的漏电情况。 3）点火器的功率三极管通过点火器壳体到汽车底盘上搭铁；在进行故障排除前要确保搭铁良好。 4）进

18、一步确定初级绕组和次级绕组的电阻。确保初级绕组没有搭铁。,5) Confirm signal status from Ne and G pickups to ECU (ESA system) or to igniter (VAST system) using an oscilloscope or logic probe. If a fault is detected, check pickup(s) for proper resistance and shorts to ground. Check electrical connections. If signal amplitude is l

19、ow, check signal generator gap(s). 6) Confirm signal status from ECU IGt circuit to igniter using an oscilloscope or logic probe. 7) On 7M-GTE, check power transistor in igniter. Bias transistor base using a remote 3 volt battery as power source. Use ohmmeter to check for continuity from primary cir

20、cuit to ground (see procedure in repair manual for details).,5）用示波器或逻辑探测仪确定来自Ne（曲轴位置信号）和G（凸轮轴位置信号）到电脑（电脑控制点火提前系统）或者到点火器（真空点火控制系统）的信号状况。 如果检测出故障，测一下信号发生器的电阻是否合适和是否短路。检查电路连接情况。 如果信号振幅变低，检查信号发生器是否有裂缝。 6）用示波器或逻辑探测仪确定来自电脑的IGt信号到点火器的信号状况。 7）在7M-GTE发动机中，检查点火器里面的功率三极管。给三极管基极供电的是微弱的3伏的蓄电池电源。用欧姆表来检测初级电路和搭铁之间的

21、连接（请参阅维修手册上的详细步骤）,8) Check pickup gaps and coil resistances against specifications. If gap and/or resistance is not within specification, replace faulty component.,分电器连接器,按照规定值检查感应器的间隙和线圈电阻，如果感应器间隙或者线圈电阻不符合技术要求，应该更换不合格的零部件。,信号发生器电阻参数,Black-黑色 Gray-灰色 Green-绿色,发动机类型,线圈颜色,电阻值,点火器线圈和传感器间隙参数,发动机类型,次级线圈,

22、初级线圈,感应器间隙,Timing Will Not Advance Properly (VAST System),IGf信号发生器电路,发动机传感器,分电器,正时提前不确定（VAST系统）,The following checks assume that the engine runs but timing will not advance. The design of the VAST system will allow the ignition system to function at initial timing in the event that the IGt signal do

23、es not reach the igniter. If this condition occurs, the ignition system will be locked at initial timing regardless of engine speed or load. The ECU has no way to monitor for this fault, so there will be no indication of this condition other than a loss of engine performance. To check for this condi

24、tion: 1) Monitor the IGt wire at the igniter using an oscilloscope or logic probe. 2) If a good signal is being sent out on IGt, check the connection at the igniter. 3) Once connections are confirmed, the igniter is the last item left which can cause the problem.,如果发动机运转而角度没有提前则按照以下步骤操作： VAST系统设计时有这

25、样的功能：点火系统如果没有IGt信号送达点火器则点火按照初始提前角工作。如果这种情况发生，不论发动机速度或者负荷如何变化点火系统将锁定在初始正时提前角。电脑对于这种故障无法控制，因此除了发动机的性能将会降低外这种状况无法被表明。 对于这种状况的检查： 1）用示波器或者逻辑探测仪监控IGt信号导线。 2）如果一个完整的IGt信号可以发送，应检查点火器的连接线。 3）一旦连接线被确认完好，最后可能是点火器这个元件引起的问题。,Timing Seems Out of Range For Conditions (VAST or ESA),In some cases, driveability symp

26、toms or a check of timing reveal advance which is out of range for input conditions. This situation could be caused by incorrect sensor information reaching the ECU. An example of this type of problem can be illustrated by a manifold pressure sensor which is out of range low. Lower than normal volta

27、ge from the sensor would indicate a light load condition to the ECU. The ECU responds to light load operation by advancing the timing. If the vehicle is being operated under moderate to heavy load with too much spark advance, detonation will likely result. When this type of condition is suspected, i

28、t is recommended to perform a standard voltage check of all major sensor inputs to the ECU. If any sensor is found out of normal range, it is a likely cause of the problem. The subject of sensor signal values is addressed in, Electronic Engine Controls.,正时超范围（VAST或ESA） 有时驾驶性能出现的症状或者正时检测揭示正时提前不在规定的范围

29、之内。这种状态是不正确的感应信号进入电脑引起的。 这种故障可以用低于范围的进气压力传感器来举例说明。该传感器发出的低于正常值的电压给电脑一个轻负荷的指令，电脑按照轻负荷进行正时提前的操作。而此时汽车是处于中等的负荷到大负荷状态则需要特别大的点火提前角，这样就极易导致爆燃。 如果怀疑有上述状况，建议检查所有输送给电脑信号的主要传感器的标准电压。如果任何一个传感器的信号电压不在范围，它则可能是问题的原因所在，传感器信号标准值写在 “电控发动机控制” 题目内。,Adjustment Of Initial Ignition Timing,By 1986 model year, Connectors are typically located in the fender area on either side, or near the bulkhead, in plain view. With the advent of test terminals for the ECT, TEMS,