when和while的区别.ppt

1、A,1,when和while的区别,when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点，也可指一段时间； while是during the time that，只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。 when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。,A,2,由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多

2、用while引导，如： a. When the teacher came in, we were talking. 当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为： While we were talking, the teacher came in. b. They were singing while we were dancing. when和while 还可作并列连词。when表示“在那时”；while表示“而，却”，表对照关系。如： a. The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a

3、motor bike. 孩子们正要跑过去搬开那袋米，这时他们听到了摩托车的声音。 b. He is strong while his brother is weak. 他长得很结实，而他弟弟却很瘦弱。,A,3,一、when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。 Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ Sorry，I was out when you called me（call为短暂性动词）对

4、不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。 Strike while the iron is hot（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。 The students took notes as they listened（listen为延续性动词）学生们边听课边做笔记。,A,4,二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。 1从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。 When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest（finished先发生）当他完成作业

5、后，他休息了一会儿。 When I got to the airport，the guests had left（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 2从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。 When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in（dance为延续性动词）当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 When While As she was making a phonecall，I was writing a letter（make为延续性动词）当她在打电话时，我正在写信

6、。,A,5,3当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示“随着”；“一边，一边”之意。 As the time went on，the weather got worse（as表示“随着”之意） The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。 As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。 The little

7、 girls sang as they went小姑娘们一边走，一边唱。 The sad mother sat on the roadside，shouting as she was crying伤心的妈妈坐在路边，边哭边叫。,A,6,4在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。 You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。 When the manager comes here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this

8、下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。,A,7,as, when, while都表示主、从句的动作或状态同时发生，但三者意义不尽相同。as和when引导的从句既可表示一点时间，也可表示一段时间，从句中的谓语动词既可以是持续性动词，也可以为短暂性动词，经常可以互换使用；while引导的从句通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。当从句中的谓语动词为持续性动词时，这三者可以通用（前面例句中已有体现），再如： Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as / when / while father was awa

9、y in France.妈妈担心，因为小艾丽思病了，特别是当父亲远在法国的时候。 如果从句和主句要表示一个人的两个动作交替进行或同时完成时，则多用as，可译为“一边.，一边.”。例如： He looked behind from to time as he went.他一边走，一边不时地往后看。 As time goes on, its getting warmer and warmer.随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。 I thought of it just as you opened your mouth.你一张嘴我就知道你要说什么。（若表示两个短促动作几乎同时发生时，用as的场合多

10、于when.）,A,8,当主从句之间表示转折或对比关系时，多用while, 不用as或when。如： She thought I was talking about her daughter, while in fact, I was talking about my daughter.她以为我在谈论她女儿，而事实上，我在谈论我的女儿。 如果表示从句的动作在主句的动作“之前”或“之后”发生时，多用when（=after）, 不用as或 while。此外，when还含有“at that moment”的意思（= and then），引起的句子不能放在句首，也不能用as, while来替换。例如： He was about to leave when the tele