铸造的优点和应用#清晰整齐

1、Metal casting is unique among metal forming processes for a variety of reasons.perhaps the most obvious is the array of molding and casting processes available that are capable of producing complex components in any metal,ranging in weight from less than an ounce to single parts weighing several hun

2、dred tons. Foundry processes are available and in use that are economically viable for producing a single prototype part. While others achieve their economies in creating millions of the same part. Virtually any metal that can be melted can and is being cast.this article will examine the advantages

3、of the metal casting process,the major applications of cast components,and the technical and market trends that are shaping the foundry industry and the products it produces.It is estimated that casting are used in 90% or more of all manufactured goods and in all capital goods machinery used in manu

4、facturing. The diversity in the end use of metal castings is a direct result of the many functional advantages and economic benefits that castings offer compared to other metal forming methods.the beneficial characteristics of a cast component are directly attributable to the inherent versatility of

5、 the casting process. Beyond the rapidly emerging technologies that are keeping metal casting in the forefront in the metal forming industry,casting posses many inherent advantages that have long been accepted by the design engineer and metal parts user. In terms of component design,casting offers t

6、he greatest amount of flexibility of any metal forming process. The casting process is ideal because it permits the formation of streamlined, intricate ,integral parts of strength and rigidity obtainable by no other method of fabrication. The shape and size of the part are primary considerations in

7、design ,and in this category,the possibilities of metal casting are unsurpassed. The flexibility of cast metal design gives the engineer wide scope in converting his ideas into an engineered part.The following list of functional advantages of castings and the metal casting process illustrate why cas

8、tings have been and continue to be the choice of design engineers and materials specifiers.Rapid transition to finished product.the casting process involves pouring molten metal into a cavity that is close to the final dimensions of the finished component;therefore,it is the most direct and simplest

9、 metal forming method available.Suiting shape and size to function.metal castings weighing from less than ounce to hundreds of tons,in almost any shape or degree of complexity,can be produced. If a pattern can be made for the part, it can be cast.Placement of metal for the maximum effectiveness. Wit

10、h the casting process,the optimum amount of metal can be placed in the best location for maximum strength,wear resistance,or the enhancement of other properties of the finished part. This ,together with the ability to core out unstressed sections,can result in appreciable weight savings.Optimal appe

11、arance. Because shape is not restricted to the assembly of preformed pieces.as in welding processes,or governed by the limitations of forging or stamping,the casting process encourages the development of attractive,more readily marketable designs . The smooth, graduated contour and streamlining that

12、 are essential to good design appearance usually coincide with the conditions for easiest molten metal flow during casting. They also prevent stress concentrations upon solidification and minimized residual stress in the final casting.Complex parts as an integral unit. The inherent design freedom of

13、 metal casting allows the designer to combine what would otherwise be several parts of a fabrication into a single,intricate casting. This is significant when exact alignment must be held,as in high speed machinery ,machine tool parts,or engine end plates and housings that carry shafts.Improved depe

14、ndability. The use of good casting design principles, together with periodic determination of mechanical properties of bar s cast form the molten metal,ensures a high degree of reproducibility and dependability in metal castings that is not as practical with other production methods. The functional

15、advantages the metal castings offer and that are require by the designer must be balanced with the economic benefits that the customer demands. The growth of metal casting and its current stability are largely the result of the ability of the foundry industry to maintain this balancing act. The desi

16、gn and production advantages described above bring with them a variety of cost savings that other metal working processes cannot offer. These savings stem from four areas.l The capability to combine a number of individual parts into a single integral casting,reducing overall fabrication costs.l The

17、design freedom of casting minimizes machining costs and excess metal.l Patterns used in casting lower in cost compared to other types of tooling.l Castings require a comparatively short lead time for production.For these and because it remains the most direct way to produce a required metal shape.me

18、tal casting will continue to be a vitally important metal forming technology. The diversity in end use in castings is also evidence of the flexibility and versatility of the metal casting process. Major casting end uses and market trends are discussed below. 铸造的优点和应用引言由于各种原因，金属铸件在金属成型过程中是唯一的。或许最明显的优

19、势就是它的批量成型以及铸造工艺的可行，这使得它能采用任何金属生产复杂零件。 铸造程序是可以实现的，在生产单独原型零件的上使用它是经济可行的，可以达到它最佳的经济性在生产成千上万的相同零件的时候。事实上，任何金属能被熔化并被成型。 本文将探讨金属铸造工艺的优点、铸造件的主要应用及所形成的技术和市场趋势，并对其生产的产品进行了研究。据估计,铸造用于90%或更多的制造业产品和所有的资本货物机械制造业中使用。铸造相比其他金属形成方法具有功能优势和经济效益，金属铸件用途的多样性将是最终结果。铸造组件的有益特性可直接归功于固有的多功能性的铸造工艺。功能优势在金属铸造行业的前沿领域，超越了快速的新兴技术，铸

20、件具有许多固有的优点，长期以来被设计工程师和金属零件用户所接受。在组件设计方面，铸件提供了最大的灵活性，任何金属成形过程。对制造铸造工艺是理想的，因为它允许形成的流线型，复杂，不可分割的强度和刚性的整体部分。形状和大小的部分是首要的考虑因素，在设计中，并在此类别中，金属铸造的可能性是无与伦比的。铸造金属设计的灵活性给工程师宽范围将他的想法转化为一个工程部分。下面列出的功能优势和金属铸件的铸造工艺说明为什么铸件一直并将继续作为设计工程师的选择和材料规范。快速过渡到成品，铸造过程包括将熔融金属浇注到接近成品的最终尺寸的空腔中，因此，它是最直接、最简单的金属成形方法。适合的形状和大小的功能。金属铸件的重量小于一盎司到几百吨，几乎任何形状或程度的复杂程度，都可以产生。如果模型可以作成一零件，它可以铸造。金属的最大效果的位置，在铸造工艺中，金属的最佳数量可以放置在最佳位置，以获