英汉语言对比物称与人称.ppt

1、Part iii personal与impersonal，Please try to translate the following sentence :我激动得说不出话来I was so excited that I could nt say a word . excitements，impersonal English:the writer and the reader are out of the picture，hiding themselves behind impersonal language，1)或(Words fail me！an idea suddenly struck m

2、e . a must for all visitors to Detroit is a visit to an auto mobile factory。g . leech and j . svartvikpointout : 1)formal written language often goes with an impersonal style including official style，net SCC，非人称表达法是英语中常见的文风，尤其在公文、新闻、科学技术论、散文、小说等文辞中常见。这种表达方法使叙述看起来客观、冷静、结构紧凑、严谨、语气委婉、间接。2)some of The c

3、ommon features of impersonal language are : a . passives b . sentences beginning with introductory it c . abstts j . peepentsplease compare : impersonal : it was noted that this office did not reply to the letter of July 22。please be advised that apologies are here endered . human : we sincerely apo

4、logize for not replying to your July 22 letter。impersonal : applicants for these positions must file forms by August 1 . human 3360 please apply by August 1，Conclusion : 1)impersonal :我们没有听到任何声音。Not a sound reached our ears 2)她一个人的时候感到特别的平静。a strange peace came over when she was alone . 3)a great el

5、one 4)alarm began to take entire possession of him他吓坏了。impersonal subject in English is also called in animate subject which is employed to express abstract concept，feeling，object，time abject例如：什么风把你吹来了？爱把我们的心连在一起。高山低头，河水让路。树静风不止。汉族缺乏幽默感，注重“谁做什么事”。(1)1959年，世界上第一艘飞翔的船出现了。(。the year 1959 saw the first

6、 appearance of a real flying ship in the world . 2)我走在厚厚的地毯上。没有一点脚步声。the thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps，3)踏上中华人民共和国国土，我们无论何时何地都感到关怀和照顾。from the moment we stepped into the peoples Republic of China，care and kindness surrounded us on every side . 4)1840至1880年40年中近一年The forty years，1840-

7、80，brought almost ten million migrants to America。这个年轻人长相诚实，脾气好，到处都有人缘。the little chaps good-natured honest face won his way for him . 6)我很幸运能得到你。永远不要分手。我的good fortune has sent you to me，and we will never part。Friday started with a morning visit to the modern campus of the 22，000 student university

8、of Michigan in near by ann arbor，Where the Chinese星期五，中国乒乓球队一大早就到了，他们和那所学校的学生在校园内的自助餐厅排队吃午饭，举行演出比赛。Personal Chinese汉语更注重主体思维。这种思维方式往往以“万物皆备我”为主导，在自我中叙述客观的东西，或者描述人及其行为或状态，所以常用人称。大卫亚设(Davidaser，Northern Exposure，Northern Exposure)，汉语中的“灵动词”一般只能与人称搭配。根据韩人的思维方式，只有人或社会团体才有这种有意识、有意志的行动。没有非人和生命的东西一般只能有无意识的

9、、没有意志的状态、运动或变化。汉语“无灵主语”和“英动词”的协调通常用作一种修辞手段。-拟人化。例：1)北京目睹了很多伟大的历史事件。星光从很久以前就踏上了旅程。北京has witnessed many great historical events . the light from the starts started on its journey long long ago。对不起，最近因为别的事情忙，没能早点回信。I am very sorry that the pressure of other occupations has prevented me from sending an

10、earlier reply to your letter . 2)请原谅我的无知。(my total ignorance of the connection must plead my apology . 3)依良心说，你对我很有礼貌，但我很惭愧。my conscience told me that I deserved no extra ordinary politeness。4) 5月4日运动后，“新弘学”时代开始了。代表人物是胡适、刘平波等一些学者。the may forth movement of 1919 saw the beginning of the new redology ，

11、represented by scholars such as Hu Shi and Yu ping bo5)小梅花心地善良，xx(莎士比亚，哈姆雷特，沉默名言)，1 investigation fathered the baby on him 2 your name obstinately escapes me . 3 sleep did not visit him although the silenes一个图书馆的通告：it has been noted with concern that the stock Of books in the library has been declining alar mingly . students are asked