unit1 直接引语间接引语 Grammar.ppt

1、Direct speech,直接引语和间接引语,一是用自己的话加以转述, 这叫间接引语(Indirect speech).,He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ”,He said that he had been to the Great Wall.,Ann said: “My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish. ”,Ann said that her name was Anne Frank and her family was Jewish.,Direct speech,Indirect spe

2、ech,_,_,_,_,陈述句的变化,(,),Mary said that she was very fond of traveling.,将直接引语变为由that 引导的宾语从句， 接在谓语动词之后(that 可以省略。)注意时态和人称的变化,Sam asked Mary if /whether she was going to buy the coat.,一般疑问句的变化,将直接引语变为由if /whether 引导的宾语从句，句中时态、人称要做相应的变化。其语序为陈述语序，若直接引语的引述动词为say ，应改为ask.,Lucy asked Mary if that was her um

3、brella.,Mary asked me how she could solve the problem.,特殊疑问句的变化,特殊疑问词不变，用陈述语序，注意时态人称等变化。,wh-词引导的宾语从句 Lucy asked Mary when she would return her the book.,由直接引语转变为间接引语,有时会引时态的变化, 注意以下几个方面:,从句动词时态不变 She often says that all men and women are equal under the law.,直接引语变为间接引语，时态变化如下,主句动词为过去式（said, told）时，间

4、接引语的从句时态发生如下变化,一般现在时 “I know it,” he said.,一般过去时 He said that he knew it.,现在进行时 “Im making coffee for you all,” she said.,过去进行时 She said she was making coffee for us all.,现在完成时 “I have seen her before,” said he.,过去完成时 He said he had seen her before.,一般过去时 “I saw her last Monday,” he said.,过去完成时 He s

5、aid he had seen her the previous Monday.,过去完成时 “Rick had been ill in bed for many days.” Jack said.,过去完成时 Jack said that Rick had been ill in bed for many days.,一般将来时 He said: “We will start tomorrow.”,过去将来时 He said they would start the next day.,直接引语变见解引语时, 时态要发生变化:,一般现在时 现在完成时 现在进行时 一般将来时 一般过去时,一般

6、过去时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时,主句动词为过去式（said, told）时，间接引语的从句时态发生如下变化,由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:,1. 不变的真理 The teacher told the students, “The earth goes around the sun .” The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun .,2. 经常的习惯： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He tol

7、d the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.,3. 历史事件： The teacher said, “World War ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.,4. 部分情态动词,如must, ought to, used to, had better等： She said to me: “You must hurry up.” She said that I must hurry up.,由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列代词、形容词、副词、动词等可能要变化

8、,. 请把间接引语中的句子补充完整 1. Henry said，“I dont want to stay here.” Henry said that he didnt want to stay there 2. My teacher asked me, “Do you like American country music? ” My teacher asked me if /whether I liked American country music.,3. The geography teacher said to us，“The earth turns around the sun”

9、The geography teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun ,. 单项填空 1. Tom told his teacher that he born in 1980. A. wasB. had beenC. isD. has been 【解析】选A。出生是客观事实，变为间接引语时时态不变。故选A。,2. The child asked his mothergo out to play tennis. 2011潍坊高一检测 A. that he couldB. if he could C. if could heD. tha

10、t could be 【解析】选B。直接引语若为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，常用if或whether来引导，且从句中用陈述句语序。,3. The teacher said the earth around the sun. A. is movingB. had moved C. moved D. moves 【解析】选D。间接引语the earth moves around the sun是一个客观事实，变为宾语从句时时态不变。,1. “I like reading adventure stories,” said John. John said that he liked reading a

11、dventure stories. 2. “I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friend. Sarah told her friends that she didnt like computers.,Exercise I,3. “Ann, have you seen my blue notebook?” Peter asked. Peter asked Ann if she had seen his blue notebook. 4. “How can you do that?” Mary said to Ann. Mary asked An

12、n how she could do that. 5. “What difference does it make?” Peter asked Jim. Peter asked Jim what difference it made.,1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat day,Exercise II,2. We said to her,

13、 “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow,3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had wa

14、lkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week,4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day,5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?”

15、They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat,6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardt

16、he week ago,7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time,8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your,9. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet?” Black asked me why