留学生： 无菌技术-临本( Aseptic Technique).ppt

1、Aseptic Technique,无菌技术,Concept Aseptic technique Is used to prevent microorganisms from invading the human body. Is used to prevent sterile articles and sterile fields from being contaminated during medical procedure and nursing interventions.,Aseptic supply refers to the articles which have been st

2、erilized physically or chemically. Non-aseptic supply refers to the articles which have not been sterilized or these aseptic articles which were been contaminated. Aseptic field is a sterilized field which has not been contaminated. Non-aseptic field is a non-sterilized field or a field sterilized b

3、ut contaminated again.,Principle of Aseptic Technique无菌技术操作原则,1.The surroundings should be clean 30 minutes before the aseptic procedures, stop cleaning the surroundings and minimize moving to prevent dust from floating. (2) Disinfect the surroundings with ultraviolet radiation every day. (3) The fi

4、eld where the aseptic technique is operated should be clean, roomy and dry.,2. Doctor and nurse should put on uniform Put on cap and mask, trim fingernails and wash hands before aseptic procedures, don aseptic gloves if it is necessary.,3. Maintenance of aseptic supply (1)Place aseptic articles and

5、non-aseptic articles separately. (2)Keep aseptic articles in sterile containers or sterile packages. (3)Once taken out of the container or package, aseptic article can not be put back even having never been used. (4)There is a label (with the name and sterile date) on the container or package.Expira

6、tion date is 7 days. If it comes to the expiry date or the package is wet, re-sterilize it.,4.Applying aseptic technique correctly (1)Keep away from the aseptic field (about 20-30cm) during procedures. (2)Use sterile transfer forceps or tissue forceps to take sterile item. (3)Keep hands,arms and ste

7、rile item above the waist level. (4)Do not touch sterile item or field with non-sterile item, hand or forearm. (5)Do not reach across sterile field. (6)Non-sterile item or potential contaminated item is inhibited during aseptic procedures. (7)A set of aseptic supply is only used once upon a client.,

8、Aseptic Techniques, Applying Sterile Transfer Forceps 无菌持物钳的使用 Applying Sterile Container 无菌容器的使用 Using Sterile Package 无菌包的使用 Preparing Sterile Therapeutic Tray 无菌盘的准备 Pouring Sterile Solution 取用无菌溶液法 Donning and Taking off Sterile Gloves 戴、脱无菌手套法, Applying Sterile Transfer Forceps 【Purpose】 To fet

9、ch or transfer sterile article 【Equipment】 (1)Kinds of Transfer Forceps : Three-forked forceps(三叉钳) Transfer forceps(持物钳) tissue forceps (长短、镊),(2) Maintenance methods to keep transfer forceps in sterile : To soak the sterile transfer forceps in disinfector:（2%glutaraldehyde 戊二醛） a. Container with a

10、 big opening and a cover b. The transfer forceps length should be longer than the height of the container (5:3) c. The depth of soaking: The solution level should be 2-3 cm above the joint pivot of the transfer forceps or 1/2 of the length of the tissue forceps d.Only one forceps in a container e. T

11、o disinfect them two times a week,Dry storage Open it before using ,and replace it every 4 hours,Precaution for applying sterile transfer forceps： Five precautions for taking it out and putting it back 1.Do not take it out or put it back to the container from the opening of the closed cover,2.Do not

12、 touch the edge of the container,3.Do not touch the part of tissue forceps where is soaked in disinfector,4.Keep the forceps tip downward, do not reverse the direction,5. Do not close the joint pivot after putting it bake,1.Do not use sterile forceps to take non- aseptic supply. 2.Do not use sterile

13、 forceps to take oily gauze. 3.Do not use the sterile forceps to do dressing or disinfect skin. 4.Do not fetch the sterile items in the distance . 5.Do not put it back to container if it has been contaminated .,Five precautions for applying transfer forceps, Applying Sterile Container 【Purpose】 To c

14、onserve sterile article and keep them aseptic,【Equipment】 Groove and tin Sterile therapeutic bowl,Precaution for applying sterile container,2.Hands or forearms do not reach across sterile field when opening the cover of sterile container.,1.There must be a label on sterile container.,3.When holding

15、a cover or a small containerdo not touch the edge of the cover and the inner side of container,4.When using sterile transfer forceps to take sterile items from a container, dont touch the edge of the container., Using Sterile Package,【Purpose】 To conserve sterile articles and keep them aseptic 【Equi

16、pment】 Thick and tight-woven double-layered wrapper,【Procedure】 Pack package Open sterile package,Precautions for using sterile package,1.A package have been opened ,the remaining items need to be used within 24 hours. 2.If the items are contaminated or the wrapper is wet, re-sterilize them., Prepar

17、ing Sterile Therapeutic Tray 【Purpose】 To lay a sterile therapeutic towel on a clean and dry therapeutic tray to form a sterile field and place sterile items onto it,【Equipment】 Therapeutic tray Sterile therapeutic towel 【Procedure】 Single layer method,Precaution for preparing sterile therapeutic tr

18、ay,1.Hands dont touch the inner side of the therapeutic towel. 2.Forearms dont reach across sterile therapeutic tray. 3.Do not wet therapeutic tray 4.Keep therapeutic tray sterile for 4 hours., Pouring Sterile Solution,【Purpose】 To be used for medical procedures or nursing interventions 【Equipment】

19、Sterile solution in a sealed bottle Sterile therapeutic bowl Antiseptic solution（Anerdian） Tin（with swabs） Trash can,Checking: a.The name, dosage, concentration and expiration date of the solution. b. Whether the lid of the bottle is loose, and whether there is any crack on the bottle. c. the qualit

20、y of the solution (color and clarity).,Precaution for pouring sterile solution,1.Do not touch the lip of the bottle and the inner side of the rubber lid. 2.Once poured out from bottle,the solution can not pour back again., Donning and Taking off Sterile Gloves,【Purpose】 To guarantee the sterile effe

21、ct during the strict medical procedures and nursing interventions 【Equipment】 Packaged sterile gloves,Precaution for donning and taking off sterile gloves,1.When donning and taking off sterile gloves, pull gloves gently. 2.When donning gloves, do not touch any non-sterile item. 3.The ungloved hand c

22、an not touch the outside of the other glove. 4.The gloved hand can not touch the inner side of the other glove. 5.Change gloves immediately if they are worn out.,summary 1.Explain the concept： Aseptic technique Aseptic supply Non-aseptic supply Aseptic field Non-aseptic field 2.Expound the principle

23、 of aseptic technique 3.Master the methods of aseptic technique and the precaution,无菌技术 aseptic technique,概念： 无菌技术是指在医疗、护理操作过程中，防止一切微生物侵入人体和防止无菌物品、无菌区域被污染的技术。,无菌物品,经过物理或化学灭菌处理的物品。,无菌区域,经过灭菌处理后未被污染的区域。,非无菌物品（或区域）,未经灭菌处理或虽经过灭菌处理但又被污染的物品（或区域）。,无菌技术操作原则,（一）环境要清洁 （二）工作人员着装整洁 （三）无菌物品的保管 （四）正确实施无菌技术操作,（一）环

24、境清洁,1、无菌操作前半小时停止卫生清扫 工作，减少走动。 2、治疗室、处置室、病室每日进行 紫外线消毒。 3、操作区域要清洁、宽敞、干燥。,（二）着装整洁,操作前必须： 洗手, 戴口罩、帽子，修剪指甲；必要时戴手套。,（三）无菌物品的保管,1、无菌物品、非无菌物品分开放置。 2、无菌物品应置于无菌容器或无菌包中。 3、无菌物品一旦取出即使未用也不可放回。 4、无菌物品必须注明名称、灭菌日期。 效期为1周。过期或受潮的无菌物品应 重新灭菌。,（四）正确实施无菌技术操作,1、身体与无菌区域保持一定距离。 2、取用无菌物品时必须用无菌持物钳。 3、手臂、无菌物品保持在腰部水平以上。 4、未经消毒的用物、手、手臂不可触及无菌物品。 5