初中语法-状语从句.ppt

1、，第13章状语从句，时间状语从句引导时间状语从句连词：when，while，as，since，after，before，as soon as，till/until，once，wws(我小时候，我一个人进城。When he receives the letter，hell tellus。(什么时候)他收到信，他会告诉我们的。(2)When=and then；At that moment(那时)有时when前面有逗号，when不能放在句子的开头。主句动词一般表达“现在，马上”。We were watching TV，when suddenly the light went out。我们都在看电视，

2、突然灯灭了。(when经常与suddenly一起使用)he was about to leave，when the telephone rang。他正要离开，突然电话铃响了。while的用法(1)在当时同时发生了表示主句、从句的动作，在While后面引导的副词必须在句子的动词中是连续动词，成为占动词的话要渡边杏。因为while意味着很长时间。The hero looked about himself，as/while(=during the time)the enemy was studying/studied the map。当敌人研究(仔细查看)地图时，He visited a lot o

3、f places while He was traveling。=he visited a lot of places during his traveling。他在旅行中参观了很多地方。(2)while有时包含对比的意思。(。I was doing my home work while my brother was playing games。我在做作业，我弟弟在玩游戏。They are classmates.she is a doctor，while he is still studying in a high school。他们是同班同学。但是她已经是博士了，他还在高中学习。同时使用(1

4、)；一边是He smiled as he left me .他微笑着离开了我。As we walked，we talked。我们边走边谈。(2)有时用just as表示两者在时间上非常接近。(。Just as I was leaving，the phone rang again。我正要离开的时候，电话铃又响了。as，when，while，共同点：都意味着主，节的动作同时发生，译作“那时的差异”。有时可以交换三个，有时不是。例如， mother was worried because lite Specially as/when/Alice father was away in France .

5、妈妈担心小爱丽丝病了，尤其是爸爸离家在法国的时候。it was raining hard when/as I got there。我到达的时候雨下得很大。(动作同时发生，when可以换成as，但不能换成while。因为get是一个盲文动词。)When I had Read the Article，he Calledme。我看完牙齿文章后，他给我打了电话。(在子句动作发生在主句前面之前注意时态的表达，只能使用when)when I got to the cinema，the film had begun。(我到达电影院的时候，电影已经开始了。(子句的动作发生在主句之后，只能使用when，注意时态

6、)she thought I was talking about her daughter，while，in fact，I was talking about my daughter此时，when和as都是不可替代的。since的用法(1)之后，到目前为止表示从过去的开始时间到现在(说话时间)的时间段，订单一般在现在完成时，子句使用一般的科举时间。I have worked here since I graduated from the university thirty years ago。我30年前大学毕业后就在这里工作了。since也可以写成介词)牙齿文章since子句也可以用“sinc

7、e thirty years ago (30年前以后)”这个词组来表达。he has been ill since he went to England last month。他上个月到达英国后生病了。(2)一般句子摘要：it is since it is many years since world war two。=it is many years since world war two was over。第二次世界大战后，第13章状语从句，12.1场所状语从句()位置状语从句()通常由where，wherever引导。where I live there are plenty of tr

8、ees。我住的地方有很多树。wherever I am I will be thinking of you。无论我在哪里，我都会想起你。12.2方式状语从句，通常由as，(just) asso，as if，as though引导。1) as，(just) asso引导的方式语通常在主句之后，但在(just) asso结构中，as子句有比喻义。就像always do这样的正式文体中常用的意思，As water is to fish，so air is to man。我们离不开空气，就像鱼离不开水一样。Just as we sweep our rooms，so we should sweep ba

9、ckward ideas from our minds 2)as if，as though的意思和用法相同，引用的副词子句谓词使用了很多假设语气，有时与事实相反汉译经常像是，they completely ignore these facts as if(as though)they never existed .他们完全无视这些事实，好像它们不存在似的。与事实不同，谓语使用虚拟语气。)he looks as if(as though)he had been hit by lighting。他好像被闪电击中了。与事实不同，谓语使用虚拟语气。)it looks as if the weather

10、 may pick up very soon。天气好像快好了。很有可能实现，谓语用作陈述语气。)说明：as if/as though还可以指导分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语。例如，he stared at me as if seeing me for first time .他像第一次见到我一样认真地看着我。he cleared his throat as if to say something .他清了清嗓子，好像要说什么。the waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger。海浪冲击着岩石，好像很画家。12.3原因状语从句比较：because，sinc

11、e，as，for 1)because语势最强，用于解释人们不知道的原因，回答why提出的问题。如果原因很明显或已经被人们知道，则使用as或since。I didnt go，because I was afraid . since/as the weather is so bad，we have to delay our journey.2)如果because领导的子句位于句子末尾，但是如果在没有说明直接原因的情况下推断多个茄子情况，则只能使用forHe is absent today、because/for he is ill.he must be ill、for he is absent t

12、oday For fear that、in case等词语指南；例如you must speakbetter take more clothes in case the weather is cold。12.5结果状语从句结果状语从句经常由so that或suchthat引导。要掌握牙齿两种文章模式，必须先理解so和such比较：so和such的规律由so和such的其他词类决定。Such只能修饰形容词、修饰名词或名词短语，so只能修饰副词、形容词或副词。So还可以与表示数量的形容词many，few，much，little一起使用，形成固定的协调。so foolish such a fools

13、o nice a flower such a nice flower so many/few flowers such nice flowers so much/little money . such快速流程so mamaya lot of与many相对应，但a lot of是名词，所以只能与such搭配。)sothat和suchthat之间的转换都是so和such之间的转换。the boy is so young that he cant go to school . he is such a young boy that he cant go to school，12.6条件状语从句连接词

14、主要是if，unless，as/so long。if引导的条件语句有两种：实际条件语句和非实际条件语句。不切实际的条件语句已经在家庭语调中叙述了。unless=if not . lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired . if you are not too tied，lets go out for a walk。典型示例you will be late。文章意思：如果你不马上茄子，你就会迟到。If you dong leave immediately，you will be late.b，d句的意思可能出错，或转换为or表的转折点。文章

15、是you leave immediately or you will be late .等于12.7让步。although注意：当though，Although存在时，下一个子句不能有but，但though和yet可以与although its raining，they are still working in the field一起使用He iii他虽然老了，但仍然努力工作。Though the sore be healed，yet a scar may remain。伤口愈合了，但留下了伤疤。(谚语)典型事例1)_ _ she is young，she knows quite a lot . a . whenb . however c . although d . unless，回答，这意味着她虽然年轻，但知道得很多。2)由as，though领导的逆长句as/though领导的让步从句应该以表语或副词(形容词副词分词实义动词前进)为前导。Child as/though he was，he knew what was the right thing to do。=though he was a small child，he knew what was the right thing to do.b .句子的开头是拟态动词，其他助动词放在主语后面。如果拟态动词有宾语和副词，就和