子网划分路由配置

1、洛阳理工学院实验报告系别计算机系班级B120503学号B12050316姓名段浴课程名称计算机网络实验日期2014/11/8实验名称子网划分路由配置成绩实验目的：1、 了解如何配置路由器信息2、 了解如何划分子网实验条件：电脑一台，Cisco packet tracer模拟软件实验原理：在本实验中，为您指定了一个网络地址 192.168.9.0/24，您将对它划分子网，并为拓扑图中显示的网络分配 IP 地址。路由器全部使用2621XM，交换机全部使用2960。该网络的编址需求如下： BRANCH1 的 LAN 1 子网需要 10 个主机 IP 地址。 BRANCH1 的 LAN 2 子网需要

2、10 个主机 IP 地址。 BRANCH2 的 LAN 1 子网需要 10 个主机 IP 地址。 BRANCH2 的 LAN 2 子网需要 10 个主机 IP 地址。 HQ 的 LAN 子网需要 20 个主机 IP 地址。 从 HQ 到 BRANCH1 的链路的两端各需要一个 IP 地址。 从 HQ 到 BRANCH2 的链路的两端各需要一个 IP 地址。（注意：请记住，网络设备的接口也是主机 IP 地址，已包括在上面的编址需求中。）Fa0/0Fa0/1LAN1LAN2LAN2LAN1实验内容：1. 设计子网子网编号说明子网地址子网掩码第一个可用地址最后一个可用地址1HQ 的 LAN192.1

3、68.9.0255.255.255.224192.168.9.1192.168.9.302BRANCH1 的 LAN 1192.168.9.32255.255.255.240192.168.9.33192.168.9.463BRANCH1 的 LAN 2192.168.9.48255.255.255.240192.168.9.49192.168.9.624BRANCH2 的 LAN 1192.168.9.64255.255.255.240192.168.9.65192.168.9.785BRANCH2 的 LAN 2192.168.9.80255.255.255.240192.168.9.81

4、192.168.9.1266HQ 到 BRANCH1192.168.9.128255.255.255.252192.168.9.129192.168.9.1307HQ 到 BRANCH2192.168.9.132255.255.255.252192.168.9.133192.168.9.1342. 分配IP地址（网关地址使用子网的第一个可用地址）设备接口IP地址子网掩码默认网关HQFa0/1192.168.9.1255.255.255.224不适用S0/0192.168.9.130255.255.255.252不适用S0/1192.168.9.134255.255.255.252不适用BRAN

5、CH1Fa0/0192.168.9.33255.255.255.240不适用Fa0/1192.168.9.49255.255.255.240不适用S0/0192.168.9.129255.255.255.252不适用BRANCH2Fa0/0192.168.9.65255.255.255.240不适用Fa0/1192.168.9.81255.255.255.240不适用S0/1192.168.9.133255.255.255.252不适用PC1网卡192.168.9.2255.255.255.224192.168.9.1PC2网卡192.168.9.50255.255.255.240192.16

6、8.9.49PC3网卡192.168.9.34255.255.255.240192.168.9.33PC4网卡192.168.9.82255.255.255.240192.168.9.81PC5网卡192.168.9.66255.255.255.240192.168.9.653. 连接网络（路由器之间使用DCE电缆连接到串行口3、 配置每个路由器的接口IP：5 配置每台计算机的IP地址6. 设置路由器中的路由表。【BRANCH1的配置】下面是配置BRANCH1的IP地址的过程，其它两个路由器的配置自行完成（1）关闭路由器电源（2）安装模块WIT-2T。（3）进入CLI（4）进行以下操作（蓝色文

7、字是需要输入的命令，红色文字是说明）Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: nPress RETURN to get started!进入控制台模式Routeren进入全局配置模式Router#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.修改路由器名称Router(config)#hostname BRANCH1配置Fa0/0的IP地址BRANCH1(config)#int f0/0BRANCH1(config-if)#ip addr 192.168.9.33

8、 255.255.255.240BRANCH1(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up配置Fa0/1的IP地址BRANCH1(config-if)#int f0/1BRANCH1(config-if)#ip addr 192.168.9.49 255.255.255.240BRANCH1(confi

9、g-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up配置S0/0的IP地址。因为BRANCH1是BRANCH1和HQ之间串行通信的DCE设备，所以需要配置时钟频率。BRANCH1(config-if)#int s0/0BRANCH1(config-if)#ip addr 192.168.9.129 255.255.255.

10、252BRANCH1(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to upBRANCH1(config-if)#clock rate 64000%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up返回到控制台模式。Exit命令返回到上一层，使用Ctrl+Z可以直接返回控制台。BRANCH1(config-if)#exitBRANCH1(config)#exit%SYS-5-CONFIG_

11、I: Configured from console by console查看IP地址配置情况。BRANCH1#show ip int briInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0/0 192.168.9.33 YES manual up upFastEthernet0/1 192.168.9.49 YES manual up upSerial0/0 192.168.9.129 YES manual up upSerial0/1 unassigned YES manual administratively dow

12、n down按此方法配置其它两个路由器，此时可以测试各个子网和网关的连通情况。（5）添加路由表。这里没有使用路由总结。BRANCH1#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.BRANCH1(config)#ip route 192.168.9.32 255.255.255.240 f0/0BRANCH1(config)#ip route 192.168.9.48 255.255.255.240 f0/1BRANCH1(config)#ip route 192.168.9.0 255.255.255.22

13、4 192.168.9.130BRANCH1(config)#ip route 192.168.9.64 255.255.255.240 192.168.9.130BRANCH1(config)#ip route 192.168.9.80 255.255.255.240 192.168.9.130返回控制台BRANCH1(config)#Z%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console查看路由表BRANCH1#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP,

14、 M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate defa

15、ult, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set 192.168.9.0/24 is variably subnetted, 6 subnets, 3 masksS 192.168.9.0/28 1/0 via 192.168.9.130C 192.168.9.32/28 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.9.48/28 is directly connected,

16、 FastEthernet0/1S 192.168.9.64/27 1/0 via 192.168.9.130S 192.168.9.64/28 1/0 via 192.168.9.130C 192.168.9.128/30 is directly connected, Serial0/0【HQ的配置】（1）关闭路由器电源（2）安装模块WIT-2T。（3）进入CLI（4）进行以下操作（红色文字是说明）Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: nPress RETURN to get started!RouterenRouter#conf tEnte

17、r configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname HQHQ(config)#int f0/1HQ(config-if)#ip addr 192.168.9.1 255.255.255.224HQ(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/

18、1, changed state to upHQ(config-if)#int s0/0HQ(config-if)#ip addr 192.168.9.130 255.255.255.252HQ(config-if)#no shutdown配置IP地址%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to upHQ(config-if)#%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to upHQ(config-if)#int s0/1HQ(

19、config-if)#ip addr 192.168.9.134 255.255.255.252HQ(config-if)#no shutdown配置DCE设备的时钟频率。HQ是HQ和BRANCH2之间的DCE设备。%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to upHQ(config-if)#clock rate 64000HQ(config-if)#%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to upHQ(config-if)

20、#Z%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console查看IP地址配置情况HQ#show ip int briInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down downFastEthernet0/1 192.168.9.1 YES manual up upSerial0/0 192.168.9.130 YES manual up upSerial0/1 192.168.9.134

21、YES manual up up添加路由表。这里使用了路由总结（请自行计算是如何总结的！），路由表从5条减少到3条。HQ#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.HQ(config)#ip route 192.168.9.0 255.255.255.224 f0/1HQ(config)#ip route 192.168.9.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.9.129HQ(config)#ip route 192.168.9.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.9.

22、133HQ(config)#Z%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleHQ#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external

23、type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set 192.168.9.0/24 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 3 masks

24、C 192.168.9.0/27 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1S 192.168.9.32/27 1/0 via 192.168.9.129S 192.168.9.64/27 1/0 via 192.168.9.133C 192.168.9.128/30 is directly connected, Serial0/0C 192.168.9.132/30 is directly connected, Serial0/1HQ#【BRANCH2的配置】（1）关闭路由器电源（2）安装模块WIT-2T。（3）进入CLI（4）进行以下操作（红色文字是说明）

25、Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: nPress RETURN to get started!RouterenRouter#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.Router(config)#hostname BRANCH2配置每个端口的IP地址BRANCH2(config)#int f0/0BRANCH2(config-if)#ip addr 192.168.9.65 255.255.255.240BRANCH2(config-if)#no shu

26、tdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to upBRANCH2(config-if)#int f0/1BRANCH2(config-if)#ip addr 192.168.9.81 255.255.255.240BRANCH2(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEther

27、net0/1, changed state to up%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to upBRANCH2(config-if)#int s0/1BRANCH2(config-if)#ip addr 192.168.9.133 255.255.255.252BRANCH2(config-if)#no shutdown%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to upBRANCH2(config-if)#

28、%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to upBRANCH2(config-if)#Z%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by consoleBRANCH2#show ip int briInterface IP-Address OK? Method Status ProtocolFastEthernet0/0 192.168.9.65 YES manual up upFastEthernet0/1 192.168.9.81 YES man

29、ual up upSerial0/0 unassigned YES manual administratively down downSerial0/1 192.168.9.133 YES manual up up添加路由表BRANCH2#conf tEnter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.BRANCH2(config)#ip route 192.168.9.64 255.255.255.240 f0/0BRANCH2(config)#ip route 192.168.9.80 255.255.255.240 f0/1BRANCH2(config)#ip route 192.168.9.0 255.255.255.192 1