英语必修三知识点复习

1、易混辨异 prize,reward,award (1)prize为名词,多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所 赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气 获得。 (2)reward既可作动词也可作名词,指对某人的工作 或服务等的报答。也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助 失主找到东西而得到的赏金、酬金。 (3)award作名词用时与prize相似，都指因为杰出成 就而受奖;作动词用时award意为“授与,颁发;判给”。,5.It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to _. A

2、.rewards B.prizes C.awards D.results 解析 考查名词辨析。reward回报，报答；prize 奖，奖金；award奖，奖品，奖金；result结果。 句意为:人们普遍认为小孩子学会做事是因为某些 行为会带来回报。故选A项。,A,即学即用 (1)奖章授予辩论队中的最佳演说者。 Medals _ on the debating team. (2)袁隆平因为在农业生产方面的贡献而被政府给予 奖励。 Yuan Longping _ from the government his contribution to agricultural production.,are

3、 awarded to the best speakers,received awards,for,6.We dont have to _ an invitation just because its for Friday night (date night) and we are supposed to be with our boyfriend or girlfriend. A.turn down B.turn up C.turn out D.turn in 解析 考查动词短语辨析。turn down拒绝；turn up出现；开大；turn out证明是，结果是；turn in上交。,A,

4、7. _ is known to us all is that the old scientist，for life was hard in the past， still works very hard in his eighties. A.As;whom B.What;whom C.It;whose D.As;whose 解析 考查主语从句和定语从句。第一空用what引 导主语从句；第二空用whom引导定语从句,修饰先 行词the old scientist,意为“对他来说”。,B,11.Reportedly yesterday a group of American soldiers w

5、ere walking along the road in Iraq when a bomb was _,three of whom were killed. A.set about B.set off C.set up D.set out 解析 考查set短语的用法。set about着手;开始; set off出发，动身；引爆；燃放;set up建立,设 立，创立；搭起，支起;set out动身,出发;着手， 开始。由题意知选B项。,B,12.Why _ you stay in the countryside， where its not convenient to go shopping

6、? But Ive found it rather valuable for my health. A.can B.must C.may D.shall 解析 考查情态动词must的用法。must在此表示特 定的语气和态度，意为“偏要，一定要”。,B,【例2】It _ have been Tom that parked the car here,as he is the only one with a car. (上海高考) A.may B.can C.must D.should 解析 由后句“因为他是唯一有车的人”可知,这 是一个非常肯定的推测，故用must。A、B两项是并 非十分肯定的推测

7、；而should have done是“本应 该做某事而实际未做”，不合题意。 课文原文 Something terrible _ if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.,must have happened,C,归纳总结 glare vi. _，常与介词_连用； n. _。 易混辨异 glare, glance, stare, gaze, glimpse (1)glare侧重于怒视。 (2)glance指快速地看某人或某物一眼。 (3)stare指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某 事物。

8、(4)gaze用于因喜爱和快乐而注视某事物。 (5)glimpse无意识地一瞥,看到的粗略印象,强调结果。,瞪眼，怒目而视,at,怒视；强烈刺目的光,Im busy now,because _ _. 我现在很忙，因为我有很多工作要做。 易混辨异 have sb./sth.doing,have sb.do,have sth.done, have sth.to do (1)have sb./sth.doing中宾语与宾语补足语之间是 主谓关系，强调doing这一动作持续进行或“使某人 或某物处于某种状态”。 (2)have sb.do中宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的 主谓关系，强调一次具体的动作。

9、 (3)have sth.done中宾语与宾语补足语是动宾关系。 表示“让某事被做”。 (4)have sth.to do中to do为不定式短语作后置定语。,I have a lot of work to,do,即学即用 (1)Excuse me,sir,where is Room 301? Just a minute.Ill have Bob _ you to your room. A.show B.shows C.to show D.showing 解析 此处考查“have sb. do sth.(让某人做 某事)”结构。D项表示动作正在进行,不符合句意。 (2)I cant have

10、you _ ill of my good friend. A.to speak B.speaking C.speak D.spoken,A,B,8.You should understand the traffic rule by now.Youve had it _ often enough. A.explaining B.to explain C.explain D.explained 解析 本题中it指代the traffic rule，它与 explain构成动宾关系，因此用过去分词作宾补。 have sth.done让别人做某事。 9.There is no possibility

11、_ he will keep his word.He is always telling lies. A.how B.whether C.when D.that 解析 that引导possibility的同位语从句,且that 一般不省略。,D,D,3. The news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. A. what B. that C. why D. when 4. His suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down. A. which B. that C./ D. it,B,B,

12、5. I have no idea _ he will start. A. when B. that C. what D./ 6. Ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow. A. if B. that C. whether D. which,B,A,【例3】How much _ she looked without her glasses! (宁夏高考) A.well B.good C.best D.better 解析 句意为：她不戴眼镜看起来好看多了。 much修饰比较级，

13、故只有better正确。 课文原文 Im sure youd feel _.,D,much healthier,5.Mr.White has been working all the morning with no rest. He is a(n) _ man.He never looks tired. A.energetic B.powerful C.lovely D.attractive 解析 energetic精力充沛的；积极的;powerful 强大的；有力的；lovely可爱的；有趣的； attractive吸引人的;有魅力的。根据“He never looks tired.”可知选

14、A项。,A,10.That woman has been taking care of the two white tigers for 8 years. Oh,dear!She _ a lot of difficulties! A.could go through B.might go through C.ought to have gone through D.must have gone through 解析 考查情态动词。根据8 years可知说话人认 为她一定经历过很多困难。must have done 表示 对已经发生事情的肯定推测。,D,12._ of such a long m

15、ovie, the little boy turned to his favourite music. A.Having tired B.Tiring C.To tire D.Tired 解析 be tired of对感到厌烦。此句可视为 对“Because he was tired of such a long movie,the little boy turned to his favourite music.”的一种省略。,D,13.Being physically examined for free twice a year is what every clerk _ be ensur

16、ed in any company of the state. A.must B.shall C.ought to D.need 解析 考查情态动词的用法。句意为：一年进行 两次免费体检是这个国家的任何一个公司都必须 向雇员保证的。shall用于正式文字中可表示允 诺、命令或法令，常译为“必须，必将”等。 shall用于第二、第三人称时,不表示主语的意愿, 而是表示说话人或他人的意图、允诺、警告、命 令、决心等。另外，当宣布规定、法律时要用 shall，意思是“必须”。,B,14.He sat _ against the wall and listened to the teacher. A.

17、close;close B.closely;closely C.closely;close D.close;closely 解析 考查close与closely都用作副词时的区别。 close作副词时，意为“靠近，接近”,强调距离; 而closely表示“仔细地，密切地”等抽象意义。 句意为：他靠近墙坐着，仔细地听老师讲课。故D 项符合语境。,D,it作形式主语，真正的主语可以是_、_ 或_，it作形式主语的几种句型： (1)It+be+adj./n.+for sb.to do sth. (2)It+be+adj./n.+of sb.to do sth.,不定式,动名词,从句,归纳总结 per

18、mit _ 认可，允许；准许；批准；通行证; 许可证；执照。 permit后可接双宾语、动词-ing形式，也可接动词 不定式的复合结构，即_；作 “_”解时，用作不 及物动词。 permit sb.sth. permit sb.to do sth. permit doing sth.允许做某事,v. Go right ahead.说吧/用吧/可以/行;Dont mention it. 不用谢;Take it easy.别着急，慢慢来。根据句 意知B项正确。,B,(2)Could I use your computer for a few moments,please? _.Im not usi

19、ng it myself. A.Come on B.It depends C.Go ahead D.Thats great 解析 本题考查交际用语。由前置语境“我能不 能用会儿你的电脑”以及后置语境“我自己现在 不用”可知应选C项,Go ahead“用吧！去吧！干 吧！”而Come on“加油”，It depends“看情况 而定”,Thats great“太棒了”,均不合题意。,C,9.Well，towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.傍晚 时分我发现我被一阵大风刮到海上去了。 典例体验 Whe

20、n he came to life,_ deserted island. 他醒来后，发现自己在一个荒凉的岛上。 On hearing this，_ _. 听到这后，我突然发现自己处在很尴尬的境地。,he found himself in a,I found myself in an,embarrassing position,10.You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.Just having you sit here is a great honour!您想来的时候 就一定得来呀！在这儿，无论您想吃点什么, 都是可

21、以的。您就是在这儿坐一下也是我们莫 大的荣幸呀! 典例体验 _ we met with difficulties,they came to help us. 每当我们遇到困难的时候，他们都会帮助我们。 _ great the difficulties are,we must complete the task on time. 不管困难有多大，我们都必须按时完成任务。,Whenever,However,_ your problems are (不用Whatever are your problems),you mustnt lose heart. 不管你面临的是什么问题，都不要失去信心。 归纳

22、总结 (1)whenever,wherever,however引导_从句, 相当于_。 (2)whatever,whoever,whichever，whomever既可引 导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步 状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。 (3)“no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句， 可放在主句前或主句后。,Whatever,让步状语,no matter when/where/how,(4)however的用法主要有以下三点需要注意： 用作连接副词,相当于no matter how,引导让步状 语从句,意思是“不管怎样；无

23、论如何”,具体结构为: however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。 However rich people are，they always seem anxious to make more money. 无论人们有多富裕,他们似乎总是渴望挣到更多的钱。 用作连词,引导让步状语从句,意思是“无论”。 however还可作“然而”讲，是副词，不能引导从 句，常用逗号与其他句子成分隔开。,即学即用 (1)This is a very interesting book.Ill buy it,_. A.how much may it cost B.no matter how it may cost C

24、.however much it may cost D.how may it cost 解析 根据文意，“无论它可能会花去多少钱， 我都买它”。本题A项错误在于用了倒装语序,B项 错误在于遗漏了much，D项也遗漏了no matter. much。,C,(2)_ you prefer,Ill give it to you,but we havent any other models for you to choose from. A.Whatever B.Whenever C.However D.Whichever,A,【例1】She is very dear to us.We have be

25、en prepared to do _ it takes to save her life. (湖南高考) A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whoever 解析 句意为：她对于我们非常珍贵,我们要不惜 一切代价挽救她的生命。动词do为及物动词,其后 跟宾语从句,所以空格处既要引导宾语从句,又要在 句中作take的宾语,表示“无论什么”用whatever。 课文原文 You must come whenever you want and have _ you like.,考题回扣,whatever,C,2.The thought that they coul

26、d cross the whole continent was exciting.她们要横贯整个大陆的 想法很是令人兴奋。 that they could cross the whole continent为_引导的_从句，对_ _加以解释说明。 同位语从句一般跟在fact,idea,news,hope,belief, thought,truth,doubt,suggestion,warning, instruction,information，question等抽象名词 之后,对这些名词进行说明或解释。引导同位语从 句的词除从属连词that,whether外，还有连接副 词how,when,

27、where,why等。,考点提炼,that,同位语,名词,thought的内容,【例3】It was _ he came back from Africa that year he met the girl he would like to marry. (江西高考) A.when;then B.not;until C.not until;that D.only;when 解析 从题干以及选项的特点可以判断出此题是 强调句,强调的是not.until引导的时间状语从 句,再根据强调句的特点可以断定此题应该选C。 课文原文 And _ the ship _ brought you to Engl

28、and.,it was,that,C,E.g. It is what you do rather than what you say _ matters. A. that B. what C. which D. this,that,3.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.它(地球) 将成为什么样子一直是个谜，直到4538亿年以前 这些尘埃凝聚成一个固体球体。 be to do sth. (1

29、)表示“应当/必须做某事”，通常用于通知和 说明书里。 (2)表示“_”，其完成式 则表示“本来打算做某事”。 (3)表示“将来不可避免要发生的事”。,考点提炼,按计划或安排将要做某事,9.In such dry weather，the flowers will have to be watered if they _. A.have survived B.are to survive C.would survive D.will survive 解析 考查时态。主句是一般将来时,if条件状语 从句不能用将来时，排除C、D两项。A项显然不合 句意。B项“be to do”形式表示将来。另外“b

30、e to do”结构还可表示职责、义务、约定、命令、 可能性等。,B,【例2】When he _ the door，he found his keys were nowhere. (湖南高考) A.would open B.opened C.had opened D.was to open 解析 句意为：当他要打开门时,发现哪里也找 不到钥匙了。表示即将发生的动作用be to do sth.，所以D项符合句意。A项中出现了would,该 词用于将来时态或用来表达某种倾向。 课文原文 What it _ was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billio

31、n years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.,was to become,D,4.This produced a chain reaction,which made it possible for life to develop.这就产生了 连锁反应，使生命发展成为可能。 make it+adj./n. for sb./sth.to do sth.在此结构中,it是_,真正的宾语是后 面的_,而形容词(或名词)充当了_ 成分，尤其是当宾语太长时，常采用it作形式 宾语。,考点提炼,形式宾语,不定式,宾语补足语,7.He has _

32、letters to answer and has to work from morning to night. A.much B.a great deal of C.masses of D.the number of 解析 考查修饰名词表“大量”的词的辨析。 masses of相当于plenty of，意为“许多；大 量”。A、B两项用于修饰不可数名词;the number of意为“的数目”，与题意不符。 8.Its no longer a question now _ man can land on the moon. A.that B.which C.whether D.what 解析

33、 考查句式结构。it作形式主语,that从句作 真正的主语。,C,A,归纳总结 mass _。 a mass of/masses of大量的 the mass media大众传媒 mass production批量生产 in the mass总体上，总的来说 the (great) mass of大多数，大部分 注意 在表示“大量的，许多的”含义时，a mass of/masses of既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数 名词。在英语中类似的短语还包括：plenty of,a lot of,lots of,a quantity of,quantities of等。,n.(聚成一体的)团;块;大多

34、数;质量;群众;大量,2.escape .which prevents heat from _ from the earth into space.(回归课本P26) 观察思考 He escaped from the enemys prison. 他从敌人的监狱逃了出来。 He made his escape on a rainy night. 他在一个雨夜逃走了。 That is really a narrow/near escape. 那可真是九死一生。,escaping,归纳总结 escape _。 escape+ n./doing sth.逃脱了/避免了 即学即用 (1)有什么办法可以

35、避免和他见面吗？ Is there any way to _ him? (2)我一时忘了他的名字。 His name _ for the moment.,v. one _.,in time,at a time,6.now that “Oh,dear,” I cried,“walking does need a bit of practice _ gravity has changed.”(回归课本P31) 观察思考 Now that dinner is ready,wash your hands. 晚饭准备好了，洗手去吧。 Now that you have finished your wor

36、k,youd better have a rest. 既然你的工作已经做完了，最好休息一下吧。,now that,归纳总结 now that意为：_。 易混辨异 now that, because, since, as, for (1)now that是固定短语，意为“既然；由于”， 引出原因状语从句，that可省略。 (2)because因为,表示直接的或为人所不知的原因。 (3)since既然(可与now that互换)，侧重主句。 (4)as由于，表示显而易见或已为人所知的原因。 (5)for因为,并列连词,引导一个分句,不能置于句首。,既然；由于,即学即用 (1)既然恢复了健康，他就可

37、以继续学习英语。 _,he can go on with his English study. (2)既然我们正高速地发展新技术,真正的挑战在于 寻找新的使用途径。 _ new technology at such a high pace，the true challenge is to find new ways of using it.,Now (that) he is well again,Now that we are developing,归纳总结 倍数表达法： (1).times _ 是的几倍 (2).times+_+than (3).times+the size/height/l

38、ength/width/ depth+_.,as.as.,形容词/副词比较级,of,8.,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.(当我 向前迈步的时候）我发现我所走的距离是在地 球上的两倍，我跌倒了。 典例体验 Asia is _ Europe. 亚洲的大小是欧洲的4倍。 The new building is _ the old one.新楼比旧楼高4倍。 This ball is _ that one. 这个球的大小是那个球的两倍。,four times as large as,four times

39、 higher than,twice the size of,was,【例1】My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours,but it is twice _ expensive. (四川高考) A.as B.so C.too D.very 解析 but分句实际上是一个省略句,补充完整为: but it is twice as expensive as ours。 课文原文 .I found I was carried _ on the earth and fell over.,考题回扣,A,twice as fa

40、r as,5.It is reported that the United States uses _ energy as the whole of Europe. A.as twice B.twice much C.twice much as D.twice as much 解析 考查倍数的表达方式。倍数+as+原级+as .意为“几倍”。,D,【例4】In the good care of the nurses,the boy is _ recovering from his heart operation. (浙江高考) A.quietly B.actually C.practicall

41、y D.gradually 解析 句意为：心脏手术后在护士们的精心护理 下，这个男孩渐渐地痊愈了。quietly静静地； actually实际上;practically实际地;gradually 逐渐地。 课文原文 _ the weight lessened and I was able to talk to him.,Gradually,D,10._ well have our sports meet this week _ the weather. A.If;depend on B.Whether;depend on C.If;depends on D.Whether;depends on

42、 解析 考查主语从句及主谓一致。if一般不引导 主语从句,特别是不放在句首。主语从句、动词不 定式及动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选 D项。,D,14.You _ pay too much attention to your reading skill,as it is so important. A.cant B.should C.must D.neednt 解析 考查情态动词的用法及句式结构。句意为: 你怎么重视你的阅读技能都不过分，因为它太重 要了。cant.too.无论也不过分，越 越好，双重否定构成肯定。,A,.典型句式运用 1.Look at the map on the ri

43、ght and discuss the following question in pairs:If you take a trip to Canada，what do you think you might see there?看右面地图并结对讨论下列问 题：如果你去加拿大旅游，你认为在那里可能看 到什么？ do you think.意为“_”, 常作_置于句中。类似用法的词还有suppose, believe,guess,expect,imagine,hope等。,考点提炼,你认为,插入语,E,g, The other day my brother drove his car at _ I

44、 thought was dangerous speed. A. as B. which C. what D. that E,g. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough. A. where B. how C. what D. which,what,What,4). _ you have seen both fighters, _ will win? A. Since, do you think who B. As, who do you think C. When, whoever D. Sinc

45、e, who do you think,D,5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who,6. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It,C,D,Eg.,3.As they sat in a buffet restaurant looking over the broad St La

46、wrence River，a young man sat down with them.当她们坐在一家自助餐 厅里眺望广阔的圣劳伦斯河时,一位年轻人坐到了 她们身边。 _ _为现在分词短语作状语,表伴随, 相当于_引导的并列句(=and they looked over the broad St Lawrence River)；As至River是as 引导的 从句。,考点提炼,looking over the broad St,Lawrence River,and,时间状语,即学即用 (1)In many countries in the world,breakfast is a snack

47、_ a meal,but the traditional English breakfast is a full meal. A.rather thanB.more than C.other than D.less than (2)The youngest brother,rather than his two elder brothers,_ for the wrongdoings. A.was to answerB.were to answer C.was answeredD.were to be answered,A,A,They couldnt see the Great Wall _

48、 they came to China. (=It was _ they came to China that they could see the Great Wall.) (=_ they came to China could they see the Great Wall.) 他们到了中国才能看见长城。 归纳总结 (1)until与till都可作介词,后接名词或代词构成介 词短语，作状语。until与till也作连词用，引导状 语从句。till与until同义，但语气较轻；till多用 于名词和较短的从句之前。美国人往往偏爱until。 放在句首用until，不用till。,until

49、,not until,Not until,(2)until与till引导的时间状语从句中的动词用一 般现在时表示将来时;用现在完成时表示将来完成时; 用一般过去时表示过去将来时。 (3)在含有until与till引导的时间状语从句的复合 句中，主句动词如果是持续性的，一般用肯定式;如 果是短暂性的，则须用否定式。 (4)如果要强调until引导的时间状语从句,应注意要 将not和until一起提前，主句用部分倒装。,即学即用 (1)It _ we had stayed together for a couple of weeksI found we had a lot in common. A.was until;when B.was until;that