建筑学专业英语-unit seven Tall Building.ppt

1、建筑学专业英语,Tall Building,What is a tall building? What is a skyscraper? What is the difference between them?,World Building Height: 309 feet (94 meters) to the lantern topOriginal owner: Joseph Pulitzer, publisher of the New York WorldArchitect: George B. PostConstruction begun October 10 1889Building

2、opened December 10, 1890 Located at the corner of Park Row and the now closed Frankfort Street, the New York World Building was the tallest of several high-rise structures built for major newspapers in the late 19th century.,纽约世界大楼,The structural system of the World Building was a hybrid cage frame.

3、 Steel framing was used to support the interior structure, but the exterior masonry walls contributed lateral stability and some vertical support. Columns embedded in the exterior walls carried the floor loads, transferring lateral forces between the frame and the masonry. The facade was red sandsto

4、ne, brick and terra-cotta, with red and gray granite at the arched entryway.,纽约世界大楼,The Masonic Temple Height: 302 feet (92 meters) to roofOriginal owners: Free and Accepted Masons of the State of IllinoisArchitects: Burnham and RootConstructed: 1891-2 Arguably the birthplace of the skyscraper, Chic

5、ago has held the title of tallest building twice in skyscraper history. In 1892, the Masonic Temple rose twenty-two stories at the corner of Randolph and State Streets.,共济会大楼,Manhattan Life Insurance Company BuildingHeight: 348 feet (106 meters) to lantern topOriginal owners: Manhattan Life Insuranc

6、e CompanyArchitects: Kimball and ThompsonEngineer: Charles SooysmithConstructed 1893-4 Wishing to create an architectural symbol to outshine its rivals, in 1892 the Manhattan Life Insurance Company held a competition for its new headquarters at 64-66 Broadway across from Trinity Church, selecting ar

7、chitects Kimball and Thompson. When finished in 1894, the granite, terra-cotta, and brick-clad structure rose 348 feet above the sidewalk to the structure lantern top.,曼哈顿人寿保险公司大楼,St. Paul Building Height: 315 feet (96 meters) to structural topArchitect and engineer: George B. PostGeneral contractor

8、: Robinson Boller elaborate, wood marquetry, rich, varied marbles, and dramatic custom lighting created an interior as theatrical as its exterior.,克莱斯勒大楼,The Empire State Building Height: 1,250 feet (381 meters) Floors: 102 Architect(s)： Shreve, Lamb and Harmon Contractor： Starrett Brothers and Eken

9、 Tallest building in the world when it was completed in April 1931, the EMPIRE STATE broke every record in the book. The most astounding statistic of the Empire State, though, was the extraordinary SPEED with which it was planned and constructed. At peak activity, 3,500 workers were employed on site

10、, and the tower rose A STORY A DAY.,帝国大厦,The World Trade Center Height: 1,368 and 1,362 feet (417 and 415 meters)Owners: Port Authority of New York and New JerseyArchitect: Minoru Yamasaki, Emery Roth and Sons consultingEngineer: John Skilling and Leslie Robertson of Worthington, Skilling, Helle and

11、 JacksonOpened: 1970-73; April 4, 1973 ribbon cutting Destroyed: September 11, 2001 The World Trade Center was more than its signature twin towers: it was a complex of seven buildings on 16-acres. Construction of a world trade facility had been under consideration since the end of WWII. The twin tow

12、ers were the first supertall buildings designed without any masonry.,世贸中心大楼,Sears Tower Chicago, Illinois (1974)1,454 feet, 443.0 meters, 110 storiesOriginal owners: Sears Roebuck and Company. Architect: Bruce Graham, design partner, Skidmore, Owings and Merrill. Engineer: Fazlur Khan of Skidmore, O

13、wings and Merrill.Constructed 1970-1974 The first designs were for a boxy structure exclusively for Sears, but the architects and real estate advisors pressed for a taller tower with upper floors for tenants. As designed by architect Bruce Graham and engineer Fazlur Khan of the Chicago office of Ski

14、dmore Owings and Merrill (SOM), the structure was a bundled tube system of nine squares with sides of 75 feet (for an overall 225 x 225 ft), sheathed in a curtain wall of dark tinted glass.,西尔斯大厦,The Petronas Towers Height: 1,483 ft (452 meters)Owners: Kuala Lumpur City Centre Holdings Sendirian Ber

15、hadArchitects: Cesar Pelli curved and pointed bays create a scalloped facade that suggests temple towers. The identical towers are linked by a bridge at the 41st floor, creating a dramatic gateway to the city. The structure is high-strength concrete, a material familiar to Asian contractors and twic

16、e as effective as steel in sway reduction.,马来西亚双子星大厦,Taipei 101 Height: 1,671 ftOwners: Taipei Financial Center CorporationArchitect: C.Y. Lee and several restaurants offer spectacular views on the upper levels of the building.,台北101,Burj Khalifa Height: 828 m (2,717 ft) Floor： 160 Owners: Emaar Pro

17、perties Architect: Adrian Smith at SOM Engineer: Bill Baker at SOM The design of Burj Khalifa is derived from patterning systems embodied in Islamic architecture. The Y-shaped plan is ideal for residential and hotel usage, with the wings allowing maximum outward views and inward natural light.,台北101

18、,迪拜哈利法塔,Not all tall buildings are skyscrapers. The best way to determine if a structure is a skyscraper is to examine its height, construction, and purpose.,Skyscrapers must be taller than they are wide; it is bigger in height in proportion to its width. That means the measurement of the buildings

19、height is greater than the measurement of its base.,More than a century ago, most buildings were made by stacking bricks or stones to make an exterior wall that supported the building. Skyscrapers are built with a strong interior structure that also supports the weight of the building from the inside on columns of steel or reinforced concrete. This type of construction makes it possible to c