商务英语课件into to bus, 2.ppt

1、Introduction to Business, Part 2,Common to all Businesses Company description Basic structure Business activities,Common to all Companies,A companys identity and purpose; its personality is given by Mission statement Vision statement Value statement,Common to all Companies,Basic structure Structure

2、by Chain of Command Structure by function areas,Common to all Companies,Business activities Business transaction Cash flow,Common to all Companies,Legal requirements for Paperwork Four basic financial statements Business records,Business Terminology,mission statement vision statement value statement

3、 business transaction cash flow income revenue expense,cost invoice receipts financial statements,Annual/Financial Statements,Annual/Financial Statements are accounting information documents Balance Sheet The Income Statement The Statement of Cash Flows The Statements of Retained Earnings and Stockh

4、olders Equity (owners equity),Mission Statement,A summary describing the aims, objective, and overall plan of an organization A mission statement tells What the company is about Purpose of companys existence,Mission Statement,Wal-MartTo give ordinary folk the chance to buy the same thing as rich peo

5、ple.“ Nike To bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world. If you have a body, you are an athlete.,Mission Statement,Microsoft “At Microsoft, our mission and values are to help people and businesses throughout the world realize their full potential.”,Mission Statement,Pepsi Co To

6、be the worlds premier consumer products company focused on convenient foods and beverages. We seek to produce healthy financial rewards to investors as we provide opportunities for growth and enrichment to our employees, our business partners and the communities in which we operate. And in everythin

7、g we do, we strive for honesty, fairness and integrity.,Vision Statement,A summary describing what the company want to do in the future,Vision Statement,A vision statement defines what the company wants to be, when it grows up Serves as a clear guide with how the company will achieve its future goal

8、s Provides inspiration to achieve goals It reflects the optimistic view of the companys future,Vision Statement,DuPont Vision “Our vision is to be the worlds most dynamic science company, creating sustainable solutions essential to a better, safer and healthier life for people everywhere.”,Vision St

9、atement,Microsoft Vision A personal computer inevery home running Microsoft software.,Values Statement,Definition A summary that describes the core priorities, beliefs and basic philosophy of the company,Values Statement,A value statement is the belief of the company Workers should be very motivated

10、 All workers should act in a good manner,Values Statement,A value statement is the belief of the company The workers must be good people The company must do good to its neighbors,Microsoft Value Statement,As a company, and as individuals, we value integrity, honesty, openness, personal excellence, c

11、onstructive self-criticism, continual self-improvement, and mutual respect. We are committed to our customers and partners and have a passion for technology. We take on big challenges, and pride ourselves on seeing them through. We hold ourselves accountable to our customers, shareholders, partners,

12、 and employees by honoring our commitments, providing results, and striving for the highest quality.,Businesses Must Plan,Mission, vision and value statements are necessary for a businesss success,Purpose of Statements,A guide for business operations Necessary for success of an organization,Purpose

13、of Statements,Provides identity of the organization Statements give a personality to the company,Basic Structure of Companies,Command structure Structure by function,Chain of Command,The chain of command is the formal line of authority, communication, and responsibility within an organization,Chain

14、of Command,Command structure has a long history Companies took idea from military In the military, the chain of command is the line of authority and responsibility along which orders are passed within a military unit,Organizational Chart,The chain of command is shown on a document called an organiza

15、tional chart The chart shows leaders and workers who make up an organization,Organization Chart, Military,Typical Organizational Chart,Manufacturing Company,Respect chain: accountant talk to Chief accountant who then talks with VP Finance who talks with CEO,Chain of Command,Board of Directors-Missio

16、n Manages mission of company Grand decisions such as buying another company, selling of part of their business unit or branching into doing another type of business,Chain of Command,Top management-Strategy Also called the Executive Officers Carry out the decisions of the board Specific strategic pla

17、nning,Chain of Command,Middle management-Tactics The department managers (head of the department) Implements the strategic plans from the Executive Officers,Chain of Command,Line managers-Operations These are the supervisors within their departments Manages employees with deadlines making sure plan

18、is done correctly and promptly,Chain of Command,Team members-workers They do productive work These are the employees without managing authority Employees do the actual work; the productive work of the company Team members work as a team and may have a team leader,Chain of Command,Productive work mak

19、es the money for the business In this sense, workers are the main staff; the bread winners Everyone else is considered the support staff,Basic Structure,Structure via function Each function is separated by departments Specialization of labor,Basic Structure,Typical departments Administration Human R

20、esources Finance/accounting,Basic Structure,Typical departments Marketing/sales Production Research and Development (R&D),Administration,Admin The Administration Department The leaders of the company Administration are the leaders,Human Resources,HR Also called Personnel The Human Resources Departme

21、nt is responsible for recruiting qualified persons, hiring candidates, firing employees and employees welfare such as benefits, training and labor relations,Finance/Accounting,The finance and accounting departments are together because their functions are similar,Finance/Accounting,The Finance Depar

22、tment responsibilities Raises capital related to starting a company Manages the businesss financial portfolio (the businesss money) Invest money for the business interest,Finance/Accounting,The Accounting Department responsibilities Manages all business transaction and maintains its business records

23、, i.e. invoice Tracks and record all money by using a ledger (business records) Prepares Financial Statements required by the government,Annual/Financial Statements,Annual/Financial Statements The Balance Sheet The Income Statement The Statement of Cash Flows The Statements of Retained Earnings and

24、Stockholders Equity (owners equity),Marketing/Sales,The marketing and sales departments are together because their functions are similar,Marketing/Sales,The Marketing Department responsibilities Manages the business products Determines price and packaging of product Promote the business products Sup

25、ports the saleswomen/salesman,Marketing/Sales,The Sales Department responsibilities Sells the product Purchases products, i.e. retail store The saleswomen and salesmen,Production,The Manufacturing Department Responsibilities Manufacturing company products,Research and Development,Abbreviated R&D The

26、 Research and Development Department is responsible for researching new frontiers related to their business, creating new products and developing existing products (next generation),Structure by Function,Administration, Human Resources Finance/Accounting, Marketing/Sales, Production, Research and De

27、velopment Departments are common to large corporations A small business does not have these formal departments Nonetheless, big corporations and small businesses still have the same basic functions,Structure by Function,Departments are specific to industry type For example Production department are

28、only found in companies that are in the manufacturing industry,Structure by Function,A company could name their departments differently A company may have a unique department due to its business operation,Common to all Companies,Business activities Business transaction Cash flow,Business Transaction

29、,Business transaction is The buying and selling activities of a business The act of making a business agreement or conducting business,A business is a trading unit,Business Transaction-Buying,Expenses/Outgoings All businesses must buy things it needs in order to operate All businesses must pay its b

30、ills,Business Transaction-Buying,Expenses/Outgoings Expenses are all costs incurred in running the business Fixed costs Rent, electricity, telephone, equipment,Business Transaction-Buying,Expenses/Outgoings Variable costs Staff costs (including salary) Raw materials Machinery used in production,Busi

31、ness Transaction-Selling,Income/Ingoing All businesses must sell its products or services Each product or service sold is money earned called revenue,Business Transaction-Selling,Income/Ingoing Income is the total amount of money paid for a business product/service during a specific period Annual in

32、come is reported on the Income Statement,Cash Flow,Revenue is cash Cash is oxygen to a business All businesses must make sure they have cash to Pay their bills Pay their employees,Cash Flow,The company must manage cash flow very, very carefully Why is managing cash flow important? Accrual based paym

33、ent Turnover ratio,Cash Flow,Accrual based payment Customers could pay with credit or check This takes days or months for a company to receive their money,Cash Flow,Turnover ratio This is the cycle from creating and manufacturing the product to selling it The cycle my take days, weeks, months or yea

34、rs depending on the type of business,Cash Flow,Turnover ratio The construction industry builds buildings This may take 2 or 3 years to plan, build and sell or rent,Common to all Companies,All organizations must obey their countrys legal requirements,Paperwork Records Business Activities,Legal Requirements,All organizations must keep business records Business records are documents that record activities of the business,Business Records,In particular, a business must keep accounting information Accounting information are documents that