【ACCA paper F4】无敌课件解释超详细（PartC2）.ppt

1、Chapter 11 dismissal and redundancy,本章重要内容为wrongful dismissal, unfair dismissal and redundancy 1 termination by notice 当事人终止雇佣合同须提前通知对方，提前的时间不少于法定的最低要求。 1.1 minimum period of notice 雇主和雇员提前通知对方的时间有所不同。 Read the key terms about types of dismissal 2 Termination of employment by breach of contract 雇佣合同

2、因一方违约而终止,dismissal and redundancy,2.1 summary dismissal 简易解雇；不一定是违约行为 2.2 constructive dismissal 推定解雇；雇主的行为迫使雇员辞职，视为雇主违反了雇佣合同，解雇了雇员。 以上两者不涉及法律救济（如赔偿额），只是对现象的描述；而下文所述的Wrongful dismissal 与unfair dismissal涉及法律救济。,dismissal and redundancy,2.3 employers inability to continue employment 雇主因某种原因（如死亡或被强制清算等

3、）无法继续雇佣雇员 2.4 repudiation of the contract by the employee 因雇员的行为（如辞职或拒绝履行合同）而导致合同被解除。 3 Wrongful dismissal 非法解雇或不当解雇；普通法上的概念。也就是未经适当通知就解雇员工。 3.1 justification of dismissal解雇的合法理由。,dismissal and redundancy,4 remedies for wrongful dismissal 对非法解雇的救济仅限于通知期内的收入损失。应当提前通知而未经通知。赔偿额少，这对雇员是不利的。 5 Unfair dism

4、issal 非公平解雇，成文法上的概念，与Wrongful dismissal 有一定的重叠，不过对于雇员来说， Unfair dismissal所提供的保护和救济要大于Wrongful dismissal 。其重要性也大于后者。 关于非公平解雇的立法旨在通过公共权力介入劳资关系，以限制资方过度的解雇特权，从而为遭受非公平解雇的雇员提供救济。与普通法不同的是，成文法开始关注解雇的原因，对资方解雇的合法性予以界定，确认了认定解雇公平或不公平的理由。,dismissal and redundancy,5.1 scope适用范围 Several criteria for unfair dismiss

5、al 哪些人可提出非公平解雇的赔偿要求; 5.2 making a claim 有关Unfair dismissal的诉讼程序 5.3 the reason for dismissal 雇主解雇工人除了有正当理由（合法理由）外，还须有合理性,dismissal and redundancy,Disciplinary and grievance procedure 纪律处分与申辩程序；雇主解雇工人须经过特定的程序并给对方申辩的机会。 在纪律处分程序中，雇主应告知雇员为何其表现不符合要求；双方讨论如何完善、提高雇员的工作表现（如进行培训）。雇主与雇员之间的对话机制。 6 Unfair dismis

6、sal-Justification of dismissal 关于解雇的正当理由 6.1 potentially fair reason for dismissal,dismissal and redundancy,6.2 proving what was the reason for dismissal 6.1.1 capability/qualifications雇主可证明雇员缺乏能力或不合乎资格要求。 6.1.2 misconduct 不当行为；如殴打同事、长期缺勤、使他人陷于危险等。 6.1.3 redundancy 6.1.4 other substantial reason 6.1

7、.5 automatically fair reasons for dismissal,dismissal and redundancy,6.1.6 automatically unfair reasons for dismissal rehabilitation of offender act 1974 罪犯改过自新法 The Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974 enables some criminal convictions to become spent, or ignored, after a rehabilitation period. A r

8、ehabilitation period is a set length of time from the date of conviction. After this period, with certain exceptions, an ex-offender is not normally obliged to mention their conviction when applying for a job or obtaining insurance, or when involved in criminal or civil proceedings.,dismissal and re

9、dundancy,The Act is more likely to help people with few and/or minor convictions because of the way further convictions extend the rehabilitation period. People with many convictions, especially serious convictions, may not benefit from the Act unless the last convictions are very old,dismissal and

10、redundancy,Public interest disclosure act 1998 公共利益披露法 雇员公开披露企业或公司的内部信息，该披露受法律保护。 The Act protects workers from detrimental treatment or victimisation from their employer if, in the public interest, they blow the whistle on wrongdoing. The Act protects most workers in the public, private and volunta

11、ry sectors.,dismissal and redundancy,The Act protects workers in a number of ways, for example: If an employee is dismissed because he has made a protected disclosure that will be treated as unfair dismissal; and In any event workers are given a new right not to be subjected to any detriment by thei

12、r employers on the ground that they have made a protected disclosure, and to present a complaint to an employment tribunal if they suffer detriment as a result of making a protected disclosure.,dismissal and redundancy,a “protected disclosure” means any disclosure of information which, in the reason

13、able belief of the worker making the disclosure, tends to show one or more of the following (a) that a criminal offence has been committed, is being committed or is likely to be committed, (b) that a person has failed, is failing or is likely to fail to comply with any legal obligation to which he i

14、s subject, (c) that a miscarriage of justice has occurred, is occurring or is likely to occur, (d) that the health or safety of any individual has been, is being or is likely to be endangered,dismissal and redundancy,6.2 proving what was the reason for dismissal 7 remedies for unfair dismissal 7.1 r

15、einstatement 恢复原状，继续工作；恢复原职 7.2 re-engagement 重新工作，重新雇用，重新录用 7.3 compensation A basic award（基本补偿金）, compensatory award （一般补偿金）and punitive additional award（额外补偿金）.,dismissal and redundancy,8 redundancy 精简人员；与unfair dismissal相比， redundancy 有一定的合理性，故对雇员来说，其救济方式也少于unfair dismissal，只涉及补偿问题（ redundancy p

16、ay）。 8.1 what is redundancy? 两种情况：雇主停止或打算停止营业；对雇员的需求不复存在或将不复存在（如工作岗位的消失）。 High Table Ltd v Horst and Others 1997 North Riding Garages v Butterwick 1967 Vaux and Associated Breweries v Ward 1969,dismissal and redundancy,精简人员只在岗位消失的情况下才可能发生，如停止营业或市场需求消失；若因雇主的原因（如调整业务）使岗位的要求超出了雇员的能力范围，则不构成精简人员；雇员可以主张un

17、fair dismissal。 8.2 calculation of redundancy pay 8.3 exceptions to the right to redundancy payment 8.4 lay-off and short time 临时解雇或降低工资；变相的遣散；雇员一定时间内（如连续4周或13周内累计有6周）没有获得雇主的工作，或报酬低于正常水平的一半，则同样可以主张redundancy pay,dismissal and redundancy,8.5 strike action 如果精简人员的通知期结束后，雇员继续罢工，则其失去了redundancy pay 的权利。

18、 If you go on strike during your redundancy period then you are still entitled to your redundancy rights. However, your employer might serve a notice of extension which is a request that you work the days lost during the strike period at the end of your notice. If you do not agree to work the lost days, then your employer may be able to refuse to make your redundancy payment.,dismissal and redundancy,本章总结： Wrongful dismissal 普通法上的概念，体现了英国法上的契约自由原则，公权力一般不干