英语四六级翻译_translation.ppt

1、题型介绍,题型和分值,中译英(翻译句子的一部分) 翻译部分(5%)满分为36分,评分原则及标准,四级Translation 1.整体内容和语言均正确，得1分。 2.结构正确，但整体意思不确切、信息不全或用词不当，得0.5分。 3.整体意思正确但语言有错误，得0.5分。 4.整体意思完全错误，即使结构正确也不得分。 5.大小写错误及标点符号忽略不计。,解题技巧,解题思路,1, 首先根据语法判断待译部分在句中的功能，结构及形式，即在句中充当什么成分,用动宾短语,介宾短语还是名词性短语,是否要用从句,是否要倒装等 2, 注意选词应尽量贴切,尤其要注意搭配是否正确,不要混用近义词和形近词. 3, 翻译

2、完成后再次通读句子，检查有无拼写,用词,语法或逻辑错误，检查句子(整句)是否完整，主谓是否一致,代词和名词是否一致,是否遗漏了结构词,介词等,并进行必要的修改和润色.,种常考语法要点归纳,. 比较结构 1). On average, it is said, visitors spend only_ （一半的钱）in a day in Leeds as in London. (half as much money) 2)Americans eat_（两倍）protein as they actually need every day. (twice as much) 3) The number

3、of the students in this city has _ (增加了6倍) in comparison with 2001. (increased 6 times),.用于表示“与相比”的短语 Your losses in trade this year are nothing_ （与我的相比） (compared with mine/ in comparison with mine) 2) Since my childhood I have found that _( 没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力 ) (nothing is more attractive to me than r

4、eading ) 3) The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasnt bothered by his loudness so such_（而是他缺乏天分） (as by his lack of talent),.状语从句 包括： - as though 即使 hardly/barely/scarcelywhen (句子前半部要倒装) 一就 (Hardly had we sat down at the table, when the phone rang. 我们刚在桌子旁坐下电话就响了。) no soonerthan(句子前半部要倒装) 一

5、就 (No sooner had we sat down at the table than the phone rang. 我们刚在桌子旁坐下电话就响了。) now that 既然，由于 so that 结果/以致 in that 因为，由于 In case that/ for fear that/ lest 以防，万一，以免 Unless 除非（才） until 直到才 Whetheror 不管是还是 as long as 只要 even if/though 虽然/即使,Examples: 1)._（家也许很简陋）, theres no place like home, wherever

6、he may go. (Humble as it may be) 2)._（我们一到山顶）than we all sat down to rest. (No sooner had we reached the top of the hill) 3)._(既然你很熟悉作者的想法), try reading all the sections as quickly as you possibly can. (Now that you are familiar with the authors ideas) 4).Criticism and self-criticism is necessary _(

7、由于他们能帮助我们找出和改正错误) （in that it helps to find and correct our mistakes）.,5） Give me your telephone number _(以备我需要你的帮助) （in case I need your help）. 6）_（政府才能有效运行） unless it is free from such interference. (Government cannot operate effectively) 7） The substance does not dissolve in water _（不管是否加热） (whet

8、her (it is) heated or not) 8）_(要不是你们的帮助）,we would not have succeeded. If it hadnt been for your help,.名词性从句 (主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句及同位语从句） 1) In some countries, _（所谓的平等）does not really mean equal rights for all people. (what is called “equality”) 2) _ （给我印象最深的） were her liveliness and sense of humor. (What

9、impressed me most ) 3）We couldnt _（就该怎么办达成一致） agree on what should be done 4) This is _ （鲁迅曾经住过的地方） where Lu Xun used to live,. 定语从句 1) A good many proposals were raised by the delegates,_(正如预料的那样). ( as was to be expected) 2)The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of

10、doing things, _（正如经常发生在其他国家的情形一样） (as is often the case in other countries) 3) Im not accustomed to such luxury, _ (它简直是浪费钱). (which is just a waste of money ),分句关系代词只能用that，而不能用which的主要情况 ）当先行词是all, anything, everything, nothing, something, few, little, much, none, 等不定代词时 ）当先行词被序数词(the first, the s

11、econd) 或形容词最高级所修饰时 ）当先行词被the very, the only等词修饰时 当先行词是人而且有only, all, any等限定词时，其后用作分句主语的关系代词通常用 that (Any boy that wants to succeed must work hard.),.虚拟语气 ）用于以下动词之后的 that 分句当中，分句动词用原型或者是should +原型 (order, command, demand, insist, maintain, request, require, ask, recommend, propose, suggest, move, des

12、ire, etc) ）以下形容词用于 It is +adj. +that 结构中，从句动词用原型或者是should +原型 (advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fundamental, imperative, obligatory, important, necessary, proper, urgent, vital, proper,) 3) 用在以下名词之后的that 分句当中，分句动词用原型或者是should +原型 （decision, decree(法令，判决)，demand, instruction, order, requ

13、irement, resolution, a pity, a shame, no wonder that,）用于宾语从句中 wish ）用于某些特定结构中, 如 If only, as though/if, It is (high) time that 是时候做某事了 （Its time you went to bed.） would rather+从句 -would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为： A.一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望， 如 Id rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下星期六来。 Id rather you w

14、ere happy. 我愿你快乐。 B.用过去完成时表过去的愿望， 如 Id rather you hadnt said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。 Id rather you hadnt done that. 我宁愿你没这样做。 等等 ,1) The professor required that _（我们交研究报告） (we hand in our research reports) 2) It is highly desirable that a new president_（被任命） for this college. (be appointed) 3)Some women _(

15、本来能够挣一份很好的工资) in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. (could have made a good salary),4) But for his help, I _(我不可能这么早完成) (would not have finished so early) 5)The victim _( 本来有机会活下来 ) if he had been taken to hospital in time . (would have survived)

16、6) Its time_(采取措施) about the traffic problem downtown. (something was done/ some measures were taken ),.倒装结构 ）表示否定或限定意义的词或短语位于句首时 a. seldom, rarely, never; b. Hardly/Scarcely when, No sooner than; c. 包含only的状语出现在句首; d.当包含no的短语出现在句首, at no time, under no circumstances, in no way, on no account, on no

17、 condition, by no means, etc. ）so, neither, nor引导的句子承前表示同类情况时 ）地点状语位于句首，动词是come, lie, stand, walk等,1) Not until the game had begun _（他才到达）the sports around. (did he arrive at) 2) If you wont agree to our plan,_(他们也不会同意). (neither will they) 3) He had understood nothing, _ (也没尝试着去) understand. (nor did he try to) 4) Only after I slapped him on the back _( 他才发现我并高兴得叫起来 ). (did he notice me and shouted with happiness ),.并列成分 and, or, nor, but, not but, both and, than, not only but (also), either or , neither nor rather than 而不是 （instead