Unit2Grammarandusage参考课件.ppt

1、Unit 2 Grammar and usage,-ing form,There are many sleeping students in class.,（表语）,（定语）,Feeling the lesson is boring, the students are sleepy.,The students feel the lesson boring.,The lesson is boring.,（宾补）,（状语）,(V-ing form they looked very angry. 3. I heard him _ (drop) lots of coins into the colle

2、cting tin.,forcing,quarreling,dropping,当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。 When we returned to the school, we _at the entrance. 我发现地板上放着一个包。 I _on the ground. 那老板让工人整夜地工作。 The boss _the whole night.,found a stranger standing,found a bag lying,kept/had the workers working,三、V ing used as predicative,-ing形式作表语时放在

3、系动词之后，现在分词作表语,相当于形容词,表示主语的性质 The film is interesting. This destruction is frightening.,现在分词与动名词作表语的区别,（1）动名词 My job is teaching. = Teaching is my job. Her full-time job is laying eggs. = Laying eggs is her full-time job.,（2）现在分词 The play is exciting. Exciting is the play. The story he told us was ve

4、ry interesting. Interesting was the story he told us.,Predicative,This destruction is frightening. 比较：Her job is looking after children.,Looking after children is her job.,V-ing用作形容词，含有主动或进行的含义，表示主语的“属性和特征”；v-ed用作形容词，含有被动或完成的含义，表示“状态”。 There is a frightened look on his face. There is a frightening l

5、ook on his face.,Tips 5,interesting使人感兴趣的interested感兴趣的exciting令人激动的excited感到激动的 delighting令人高兴的delighted感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快的 puzzling令人费解的 puzzled感到费解的 satisfying令人满意的satisfied感到满意的surprising令人惊异的surprised感到惊异的 worrying令人担

6、心的 worried感到担心的,类似的词：,1） 他对母亲的关爱很感人。 His concern for his mother is _. 2）Tom sounds very much in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly,touching/moving,四、 V-ing used as an adverbial:,V-ing词组可以在句中充当时间、原 因、 结果、条件、伴随 、让步等状语。,-ing短语

7、作时间状语一般置于句首。如： Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying. =When they heard the bad news, they couldnt help crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。,1. 作时间状语,_, I decided to write back. 收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。 =_,I decided to write back.,Having received his letter,After I had received his letter,因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周

8、他就没去。 _, he didnt go last week. _ _, he didnt go last week.,-ing短语作原因状语一般置于句首。如： Being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep. =Because he was so angry, he couldnt go to sleep. 因为太生气了，他不能入睡。,2. 作原因状语,Having been to the Great Wall many times,Because /As he had been to the Great Wall many times,3. 作结果状语,The

9、 factory keeps releasing smoke,making the air dirty. =The factory keeps releasing smoke. As a result,the air is made dirty.,-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如： Working hard, you will succeed. =If you work hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。,4. 作条件状语,注意：_, and you will succeed.,Work hard,-ing短语作让步状语，可置于句首或 句末，常与e

10、ven if, though 连用。如：,5. 作让步状语,Though working from morning till night, his father didnt get enough food. =Although his father worked from morning till night, he didnt get enough food. 虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。,They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. =They sang and laughed; they came i

11、nto the classroom. 他们又唱又笑地走进教室。,6. 作伴随/方式状语,While staying in Beijing, he came to see me twice. =While he was staying in Beijing, he came to see me twice.,小 结:,1. -ing短语可以直接与when, while, though, until, if等连词连用，如：,3. 动词-ing形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。,一些独立结构： 1. Generally _( speak ), we have learnt a lo

12、t in this school. 2. _(judge ) from his appearance, he is somebody.,speaking,Judging,2.Basic forms of verb-ing,doing,being done,having done,having been done,4.非谓语动词的否定式均为not+非谓语动词 He sat there, not knowing what to say.,1. a. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face. b. Hearing the news, she cried o

13、ut sadly. 2. a. Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it. b. Entering the classroom, nobody was found in it. 3. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful. b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden. 4. a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking. b

14、. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.,Choose the correct sentence.,Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus _ the delay. to cause B. causing C. caused D. cause 2. The _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake. A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; playe

15、d D. missed; to play,Exercise,3. After seeing the movie, _. A. the book was read by him B. the book made him want to read it C. he wanted to read the book D. the reading of the book interested him,4. The next morning she found the man in bed, _ dead. A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying 5. There was a t

16、errible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed,6. The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing,The secretary worked late into the night_ a long speech for

17、the president.,A,7. Johns bad habit is _ without thorough understanding. A. read B. being read C. to be read D. reading 8. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,Fill in the blanks with the verb given in its proper form.

18、Sixty million people _ (live) in rural areas are moving to the cities every year. 2) The bottle _ (contain) the poison was sent to the laboratory.,containing,living,3) Our trip was _ (disappoint). We did not find any unusual plants. 4) I saw them _(enter) the bank with guns. 5) The news was _(shock)

19、. All the three boats had sunk in the storm.,disappointing,enter,shocking,考例1 A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked.,考点 v-ing形式作宾语补足语。点拨 选B。he 和smoke是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用V-ing形式。该句中的“he is found”是被动语态，还原成主动语态应该是“find him smoking”。,与高考同行,考例2

20、We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _ that all children like these things. A. thinking B. think C. to thinkD. thought,考点 v-ing形式作原因状语。 点拨 选A。we 与think 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。句子相当于：We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, because we think that all children like these things.,考例3 While watching t