全新版大学英语综合教程第三册Unit1.ppt

1、College English (New Edition) Integrated Course 1,Unit 1 Changes in the Way We Live,Text A Mr Doherty Builds His Dream Life,Language Sense Enhancement In a progressive country change is constant; change is inevitable. Benjamin Disraeli Life belongs to the living, and he who lives must be prepared fo

2、r changes. Johann Wolfqanq Von Goethe,Pre-reading tasks,Discussion I: 1.Why are more and more city people willing to buy apartments or houses in the suburbs, even in the countryside or pay to spend a day in a farmers house ? 2.Why do so many migrant workers move from the country to the city? 3.Whats

3、 your way of living before and now? Are you satisfied with it? Why or why not? If not, how to change it?,Pre-reading tasks,Discussion II: Can you list some of the advantages and disadvantages of city life and country life?,City life:,Advantages: Disadvantages,Higher living standard Convenient transp

4、ortation Health care Better education More job opportunities entertainment,Overpopulation Air pollution Noise Heavy traffic High crime rate Fierce competition and stress Indifference in interpersonal relationship,Country life,Advantages: disadvantages,Fresh air Healthy food Self-sufficiency Peaceful

5、 life More leisure time Less pressure Closer personal relationship,Remote manage to live or do things eg: It is a bit hard for the old couple to get by on a small amount of pension. 如果我们坚持到底，我们就能熬过难关。 Well get by if we hold on to the end.,Language and cultural study,2. make it: 1) to be successful i

6、n ones career. Hes never really made it as an actor. 2) to succeed in reaching a place after difficulty, effort, etc It was a terrible journey but we finally made it. 3) to attend sth. I am afraid I wont be able to make it to your party next week.,3.pursue: 1).to strive to gain or accomplish eg: pur

7、sue lofty（极高的） political goals / pleasure 2). Court v. eg: She was pursued by many boys. n. pursuit: the pursuit of higher education,Language and cultural study,Language and cultural study,4. haul: 1) transport, as with a truck, cart, etc. Examples: The farmers haul vegetables to the market on a tru

8、ck every day. 2) pull or drag sth. with effort or force Examples: When he got drunk he began to run wild until his wife hauled him aside and calmed him down. 他喝的醉醺醺, 并开始乱跑，直到他妻子把他拽到一边，叫他冷静。,pull: The most general one. draw: It implies a smoother, steadier motion（移动） and generally a lighter force tha

9、n pull. drag: It usually refers to horizontal motion or motion up an incline (slope) and it suggests laborious efforts over rough ground or against friction, resistance or gravity. The escaped prisoner was dragged out of his hiding place. haul: It implies continuous pulling or dragging of heavy or b

10、ulky（笨重的） objects. The fisherman is hauling a net.,Language and cultural study,5. stack: make into a pile Examples: After she did the dishes, Mon started stacking them on the draining-board. Before being processed into lumber（木材）, the wood must be carefully stacked to prevent warping.（扭曲）。,Language

11、and cultural study,6. wicked: evil or bad eg: What you have done is totally wicked. We are born good, but can be taught to be wicked. bad, evil, ill, poor, wicked 这些形容词均含“坏的”之意。Bad:含义广泛，指任何不好的或不合需要的品质。Evil:语气比bad强，强调道德上的邪恶不良，含狡猾凶险或危害他人的意味。ill与evil意义接近，但语气弱一些，常指道德或性质方面的不良。Poor:普通用词，侧重指事物的质量或数量低于标准或不合

12、要求。用于指天气与食品时可与bad通用。Wicked:语气比evil强，指居心叵测，任意违反道德标准，有意作恶。,Language and cultural study,7. get through: come successfully to the end. Examples: The local government has taken some measures to ensure that all the people will get through the winter. She got through the entrance examination, and was accep

13、ted by the college. 8.on balance: with all things considered. Examples: Their suggestion has, on balance, proved practicable. On balance, its probably not advisable to change the company s name.,Language and cultural study,9. illustrate: provide with visual feature; clarify by use of examples, etc.

14、Examples: The editor has illustrated the book with black-and-white photographs. To illustrate the point, he told a story. Sports Illustrated: a popular US sports magazine published each week by Time Inc, part of Time Warner. It first appeared in 1954, and is read mainly by men.,Language and cultural

15、 study,Language and cultural study,10. generate: bring into being; give rise to Examples: generate heat / power / employment / enthusiasm The widespread use of English in France has generated a public as well as an academic debate over language in the country.,11. pick up: 1)be ready to pay If he lo

16、ses the case, Michael will have to pick up the bill for legal costs. 2) Look at the following sentences and guess the meaning of the phrase Pick yourself up, there s no use regretting for what has happened. The car began to pick up the moment the vehicle got onto the motorway. The bus stopped severa

17、l times to pick up passengers.,Language and cultural study,使振作精神 (pick oneself up); 增加速度 ; 搭载乘客， The boy picked up the hat for the old man. You should pick up the tools after work. He was picking up the skills quickly. We picked up a couple of girls at the pub last Friday.,Language and cultural stud

18、y,12. cut back: reduce in size or amount Gardeners argue about whether they should cut roses back in the spring or autumn. 13.dine out: eat a meal away from home ( usu. in a restaurant) = eat out They would dine out together once a month.,Language and cultural study,Language and cultural study,14. s

19、uspect: believe to be true, likely or probable; feel doubt about ( used in the patterns: suspect sb./ sth. of sth.; suspect that ) She strongly suspected her husband had been lying. USA banned domestic poultry imported from China, suspecting that they might have been infected with bird flu. It was p

20、erfectly all right, Henry said, because the police had not suspected him of anything.,Comparison: suspect 怀疑.是 (表示相信 ) doubt 怀疑不是 (表示不相信 ) I suspect he is a thief. I doubt he is a thief. doubt和suspect译成中文都是怀疑的意思，但却是完全不一样的怀疑。如：I doubt the bus has already left.意为我觉得汽车还没走；而I suspect the bus has already

21、 left.意为我觉得汽车已经走了。完全不一样的意思，只有放在一起比较、体会，才能很好地掌握。,Language and cultural study,15. temptation: the feeling of being tempted to do sth. that you know might be wrong or harmful; the thing you want to have. resist/ overcome the temptation 抵制诱惑 give in to the temptation 抵制不住诱惑 16. resist: keep from giving

22、in to or enjoying I was unable to resist laughing at the sight of the funny clown. Keep away from KFC. You know I cant resist delicious fast food which has made me so plump.,Language and cultural study,17. device: a piece of equipment designed to serve a special purpose. Due to the widespread use of

23、 mobile digital devices, the semiconductor industry is gathering attention these days. Do you know the meaning of the following words? apparatus, instrument, device, equipment, tool, implement, installation, appliance, facilities.,Language and cultural study,这些名词均有“仪器、设备、器械、器具”之意。 apparatus:既可指某种具体的

24、由许多不同零件构成的复杂的 仪器、装置或器械，又可指它们的总称。 Instrument:通常指能使人们完成某一精确动作或测量的一种小型仪器，尤指电工仪表、测量装置，航海或航空用的控制装置。 Device:多指为某一特殊用途或解决某一特定机械问题而设计或改装的精巧的仪器或装置。 Equipment:多指成套的或重型的设备或装备。通常用作不可数名词。,Language and cultural study,Tool:一般指进行特种工作的手工工具，也可指人造使用动力的工具，还可作引申用。 Implement:原指史前人类所用的工具，现在多指农用工具，也可指为实现某个任务所需的工具或器具 instal

25、lation:一般多指安装完成，可供使用或操作的整套装置或设施。 appliance:侧重指家用机器或设备，尤指家用电器。 facilities:常用复数形式，指可供使用的设备或设施。,Language and cultural study,Difficult Sentences,1.Our hens keep us in eggs, with several dozen left over to sell each week. (Para 2) Our hens provide us with more eggs than we can eat, so we sell several doz

26、en eggs each week. 自家饲养的鸡提供鸡蛋，每星期还能剩余几十个出售。,Difficult Sentences,2. When it was 30 below, (Para 4) Minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit 气温降到华氏零 下30度 Note: Fahrenheit scale (华氏) Celsius scale (摄氏),Difficult Sentences,Fahrenheit scale (华氏): A scale of temperature, first established by the German physicist Gabri

27、el Fahrenheit in 1715. The unit of temperature is the degree Fahrenheit (F), and 0F was originally the coldest temperature Fahrenheit could achieve using a freezing mixture of salt and ice. On his scale, water freezes at 32F and boils at 212F (under set atmospheric conditions). No longer used in sci

28、entific work, Fahrenheit temperatures still feature in everyday language; hot days “in the eighties”, for example. To convert a Fahrenheit temperature to Celsius (centigrade), subtract 32, then multiply by 5/9.,Difficult Sentences,Celsius scale (摄氏): A scale of hotness, or temperature, first establi

29、shed by the Swedish scientist Anders Celsius (1701-1744) in 1742. On this scale, the unit of temperature is the degree Celsius (C); water freezes at 0C and boils at 100C (under agreed standard atmospheric conditions), although when Celsius originally devised the scale he made 0the boiling-point and

30、100the freezing-point. The Celsius scale was formerly commonly known as the centigrade scale because of the 100 divisions between the freezing- and boiling- points of water. To convert from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit multiply by 9/5 and add 32.,Difficult Sentences,3. Soon Jim, 16 and Emil

31、y, 13, the youngest of our four children, will help me make some long-overdue improvements on the outdoor toilet that supplements our indoor plumbing when we are working outside. (Para 4) Soon, the two youngest of our four children, that is, the 16-year-old Jim and the 13-year-old Emily, will help m

32、e while I try to improve the condition of our outdoor toilet, which should have been done long ago; this outdoor toilet is a supplement to our indoor plumbing and is very useful when we are working outside.,Difficult Sentences,过些时候，四个孩子中的两个小的，16岁的吉米和13岁的埃米莉，会帮着我一起把拖了很久没修的室外厕所修葺一下，那是专为室外干活修建的。,Notes,

33、Ivy League Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Columbia University, New York Cornell University, Ithaca, New York Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey Yale Un

34、iversity, New Haven, Connecticut,Difficult Sentences,4. In between such chores, I manage to spend 50 to 60 hours a week at the typewriter or doing reporting for the freelance articles I sell to magazines and newspapers. (Para 5) During the free time when I am not doing the daily domestic tasks, I ma

35、nage to spend 50 to 60 hours, either doing some typing work with my typewriter or doing reporting work for freelance articles which I write for magazines and articles in return for money. 在这些活计之间，我每周要抽空花五、六十个小时，不是打字撰文，就是为作为自由撰稿人投给报刊的文章进行采访。,Difficult Sentences,5. Im not making anywhere near as much

36、money as I did when I was employed full time, but now we dont need as much either. (Para 10) I am not earning as much money as I used to when I was employed to do full-time job, but, on the other hand, now we dont need much money. 我挣的钱远远比不上担任全职工作时的收入，可如今我们需要的钱也没有过去多。,Difficult Sentences,注：anywhere n

37、ear 是美国的一种口语表达方式，意思是“几乎，接近于，在某种程度上”，常用于否定句，可译为“一点也不”，同义词组是 to any extent or degree or at all。 e.g. The project isnt anywhere near completion. 这项工程根本没有接近完工。,Difficult Sentences,6. Extravagant Christmases are a memory, and we combine vacations with story assignments We no longer have extravagant Chris

38、tmases, and when a magazine sends me somewhere to write an article, I will take my family along. By doing so, we can save some money. 铺张的圣诞节成为一种回忆，我们把完成稿约作为度假的一部分,Difficult Sentences,7. How much longer well have enough energy to stay on here is anybodys guessperhaps for quite a while, perhaps not. N

39、obody can be sure about how much longer we can manage to continue to stay hereperhaps we can go on for a long time, perhaps we cannot. 没人知道我们还能有精力在这里再呆多久也许呆很长一阵子，也许不是。,Exercises I,Post-reading questions : 1.In what ways does the author think that the quality of life has improved for him and his fami

40、ly? 2.In your opinion, which is better, living in the country or living in the city? Give reasons. 3.What do you think are possible ways to improve the quality of our lives?,Exercises II,苛刻的时间表,A demanding schedule,如老话所说,As the old saying goes,时机选的很糟,The timing is terrible,常春藤联合学校,Ivy League Schools

41、,带着老板的祝福,With the employers blessing,总的来说,On balance,按揭贷款,Mortgage payments,过得去,get by,至于,when it comes to,弥补收入差额,make up the difference in income,生活水平,living standard,外出吃饭,dine out,光顾当地饭店,Patronize local restaurants,耐得住寂寞,A tolerance for solitude,预算吃紧,A tight budget,自己自足,Self-sufficient/cy,抵制诱惑,Res

42、ist the temptation to do sth.,Exercises III,Translation Resist, primarily, patronize, dine out, profit, indoor, patronize, on balance, on a large scale 相当多的孩子体重越来越重，这个趋势正日益明显。这个现象主要可 以用以下两个原因来解释。随着人们生活水平的提高，孩子们有更多的机会 外出就餐。他们无法抵制麦当劳、肯德基或者是必胜客的诱惑。这些快餐公 司在针对孩子的广告花了上百万的钱。 这些广告又反过来给公司带来了巨大 的利润。 孩子们经常光顾这些快餐连锁店，结果不可避免的胖起来。第二个原因 是缺乏运动。今天的孩子们忙于学习，有的甚至整天呆在屋里。 卡路里 摄入的增加，运动